412 research outputs found
‘Lest we forget’: inventions and their memory on the Greek tragic scene
No full textThe chapter aims to explore how fifth-century tragedians reflected on the theme of memory in referring to mythical πρῶτοι εὑρεταί (first inventors) and their discoveries. Based on a corpus of select tragic passages, the chapter seeks to analyse the function and typology of a number of heurematological accounts, and to highlight the significance of sharing cultural memory related to the invention of human technai on the tragic stage. By considering instances of (1) first- and third-person accounts coeval with the age of the εὑρετής (all related to the discoveries of Greek hero Palamedes), and then by analysing (2) accounts from a (mythical) later time, the chapter places particular emphasis on the varying degrees of (mythical) temporal distance attached to such typologies and the implications thereof. Accounts of type (2), it is argued, qualify as an act of sharing cultural memory on the part of a character, who, by being far removed in time from the ‘mythical’ era of the πρῶτοι εὑρεταί, is in a position to expose the limits of the particular invention(s) dealt with, thus ultimately reappraising such cultural memory and testing its validity
The Folio: F. C. C. Magazine
No full textEditorial. pp. 1-2; Capt. K. C. Kapur-Article-The Naval Tradition in India. pp. 2-5; Bal Krishna Bhola-On Vanity. pp. 5-6; Verma, J. R.-A Mince Nan. pp. 6-8; A Wind-Swept Day. pp. 8-9; Chandra Mohan Sapru-Observations. pp. 9-10; Letter to the Editor. pp. 11-12; Poetry-A Reverie. pp. 12-14; Riaz Piracha-The Sunset. pp. 14-16; Krishen Lal Khorana-Article-The Burmese People. pp. 16-17; Notes and News. pp. 17-18; [Hindi]. 8 p.; Punjabi Kiyari [Punjabi]. 8 p.; The Folio [Urdu]. 23 p
On measuring literacy
No full textThe authors present a new approach to evaluating the level of effective literacy in a region or country, one that takes into account the presence in a household of a literate person. They characterize the approach and give an empirical illustration of its use. They designed the new measures of literacy because traditional measures of the literacy rate (R) ignore how the presence of literate person in the household affects literacy. They contend that literate household members generate a positive externality -- a kind of public good - for illiterate members. They believe their new measures will be superior to R in predicting or explaining other achievements that depend on literacy. They expect the rate of diffusion of a new technology for farming, for example, to be more closely linked to the effective literacy rate than to the usual literacy rate. If an agricultural extension worker leaves behind a brochure explaining how to plant and care for high-yielding varieties, an illiterate person who lives in a household with at least one literate member has access to that public good; an isolated illiterate - whose household has not literate members - may not have. Similarly, if the presence ( or absence) of one literate household member increases the chance of a child becoming literate, so the effective literacy rate should be a better predictor of future generations'literacy rate should be a better predictor of future generations'literacy levels. Some changes in policy emphasis might be expected if the new effective literacy measures are used. There might be a shift, for example, toward ensuring a better distribution of literacy across households or toward addressing more seriously the problem of female illiteracy. More work is needed to determine if a child in a household with a higher percentage of literate adults has more frequent access to literacy skills.Adult Outreach,Nonformal Education,ICT Policy and Strategies,Primary Education,Curriculum&Instruction,Nonformal Education,Gender and Education,Primary Education,Curriculum&Instruction,ICT Policy and Strategies
Team players against headache: multidisciplinary treatment of primary headaches and medication overuse headache
No full textMultidisciplinary approaches are gaining acceptance in headache treatment. However, there is a lack of scientific data about the efficacy of various strategies and their combinations offered by physiotherapists, physicians, psychologists and headache nurses. Therefore, an international platform for more intense collaboration between these professions and between headache centers is needed. Our aims were to establish closer collaboration and an interchange of knowledge between headache care providers and different disciplines. A scientific session focusing on multidisciplinary headache management was organised at The European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress (EHMTIC) 2010 in Nice. A summary of the contributions and the discussion is presented. It was concluded that effective multidisciplinary headache treatment can reduce headache frequency and burden of disease, as well as the risk for medication overuse headache. The significant value of physiotherapy, education in headache schools, and implementation of strategies of cognitive behavioural therapy was highlighted and the way paved for future studies and international collaboration
Effective solutions to pollution mitigation for public welfare/ Ahmet Ozan Gezerman, Burcu Didem Corbacioglu, and Bhola R. Gurjar, editors.
No full textIncludes index.Includes bibliographical references and index."This book developed a solution for industrial problems that endanger public welfare. It explores the importance of cost-effective solutions for treatment, emission abatement, and other removal methods need to be developed"--1 online resource
Assessment of Activity Concentrations of Radionuclides from Upper Level Sediment in Charfassion Island, Bhola, Bangladesh
No full textAbstract In order to assess the activity concentration of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in the Charfassion Island, Bhola, Bangladesh, the upper level sediment samples were analy zed by using Broad Energy Germaniu m (BEGe) detector. . These results were used to calculate the radiation hazard parameters like rad iu m equivalent activities (Ra eq ), representative level index (I γr ). Representative level index is used to estimate the level of gamma radiat ion hazard associated with the natural radionuclides. Due to natural radionuclides in sediment, the effective annual outdoor dose in the study area is 0.07 mSv; which is within the accepted range 0.07 mSv and representative level index (Iγr) is also found to be 0.94 Bq/Kg. The findings fro m this research wo rk would be useful to evaluate the population exposure fro m radionuclides in this island
Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) for the acute treatment of migraine: evaluation of outcome data for the UK post market pilot program
No full text© 2015, Bhola et al.Background: Single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) is a novel treatment for acute migraine. Previous randomised controlled data demonstrated that sTMS is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of migraine with aur
An analytic approach to the dosimetry of a new BEBIG 60 Co high-dose-rate brachytherapy source
No full textWe present a simple analytic tool for calculating the dose rate distribution in water for a new BEBIG high-dose-rate (HDR) 60 Co brachytherapy source. In the analytic tool, we consider the active source as a point located at the geometric center of the 60 Co material. The influence of the activity distribution in the active volume of the source is taken into account separately by use of the line source-based geometric function. The exponential attenuation of primary 60 Co photons by the source materials ( 60 Co and stainless-steel) is included in the model. The model utilizes the point-source-based function, f(r) that represents the combined effect of the exponential attenuation and scattered photons in water. We derived this function by using the published radial dose function for a point 60 Co source in an unbounded water medium of radius 50 cm. The attenuation coefficients for 60 Co and the stainless-steel encapsulation materials are deduced as best-fit parameters that minimize the differe
Effects of sediment erosion in guide vanes of Francis turbines
No full textErosive wear of turbine components has been a major operational challenge for the runoff-river hydropower plants across the basins of Himalaya in Asia. The hard mineral particles, which are carried by rivers reach the turbines and erode the surface in contact. In Francis turbines, guide vanes, cover plates, hub at runner inlet and blades at runner outlet are the most affected areas due to the sediment erosion. Several attempts have been made in the past to minimize the losses due to the sediment erosion in the hydraulic turbines. However, the problem has not been solved satisfactorily.
A dry clearance gap between the guide vanes and the cover plates usually exists in the Francis turbines, fromthe design. The deflection of cover plates and the erosion of the components causes the clearance gap to increase by multiple times of its design value. Inherit pressure difference between guide vane surfaces forces a leakage flow from the increased clearance gap. A systematic study of the characteristics of the leakage flow, and its effects on the flow conditions inside the Francis turbine distributor has not been reported yet. Such studies are necessary for the design optimization of the turbine components and to plan the effective maintenance schedules for repairing the eroded turbine parts.
The main objective of this work is to study the effects of sediment erosion in hydro turbines, with the focus on the flow around the guide vanes of a low specific speed Francis turbine. Experimental investigations of the characteristics of leakage flow from the increased clearance gap between eroded guide vanes and cover plates, has been the focus of this study.
A one-guide vane cascade has been developed to represent the flow inside a low specific speed Francis turbine distributor. Cases with five different sizes of clearance gap are investigated for the guide vane shaped with a symmetric profile. Particle Image Velocimetry techniques are applied for the flow measurement. All experiments have been carried out at the Waterpower Laboratory of Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Flow velocity exceeding 35 m/s, at the runner inlet of Francis turbine, is reported for the first time from such experimental studies.
The results show that, that the clearance gap up to 0.5 mm does not have significant effects on the flow parameters and hence can be accepted as the maximum limit. The leakage flow, with clearance gap more than 1 mm, is found to change the velocity components at the runner inlet significantly. The case with the clearance gap of 2 mm is found to have the highest effects on the flow velocities and is considered as the critical size. The total crosswise leakage flow, from the critical clearance gap, is measured to be more than 1% of the main flow. As the consequence of the leakage flow, the relative velocity at the runner inlet is found to increase locally up to three times from its design value. This local increase in relative velocity is identified as the cause to have severe erosion at the runner hub in the sediment-laden projects. The leakage flow also changes the pressure distribution around guide vane, causing the torque on the guide vane shaft to increase up to 28%.
Further investigation of the propagation of the leakage flow into the turbine runner, and its effects on the runner’s performance is necessary. Alternative designs of guide vane geometry, to minimize the differential pressure across is recommended as the future works
Treatment of triple-negative breast cancer with TORC1/2 inhibitors sustains a drug-resistant and notch-dependent cancer stem cell population
No full textApproximately 30% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) harbor molecular alterations in PI3K/mTOR signaling, but therapeutic inhibition of this pathway has not been effective. We hypothesized that intrinsic resistance to TORC1/2 inhibition is driven by cancer stem cell (CSC)-like populations that could be targeted to enhance the antitumor action of these drugs. Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which PI3K/mTOR inhibitors affect the stem-like properties of TNBC cells. Treatment of established TNBC cell lines with a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor or a TORC1/2 inhibitor increased the expression of CSC markers and mammosphere formation. A CSC-specific PCR array revealed that inhibition of TORC1/2 increased FGF1 and Notch1 expression. Notch1 activity was also induced in TNBC cells treated with TORC1/2 inhibitors and associated with increased mitochondrial metabolism and FGFR1 signaling. Notably, genetic and pharmacologic blockade of Notch1 abrogated the increase in CSC markers, mammosphere formation, and in vivo tumor-initiating capacity induced by TORC1/2 inhibition. These results suggest that targeting the FGFR-mitochondrial metabolism-Notch1 axis prevents resistance to TORC1/2 inhibitors by eradicating drug-resistant CSCs in TNBC, and may thus represent an attractive therapeutic strategy to improve drug responsiveness and efficacy
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