15,090 research outputs found
Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture in Kyiv (Ukraine): "Crisis Induced Strategy" versus Recreational Resource
No full textFor the study 240 Kyiv households with urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) have been surveyed in 2005. Quotas were assigned to four different types of plots. A standardized questionnaire was developed to collect data on crop and animal production, inputs, sales of produce for income, importance of the plot for self-sufficiency, recreation and leisure time. A factor analysis is employed to reduce attitudinal data. Based on factor scores a cluster analysis is conducted to segment the respondents into more homogeneous groups and to show multiple purposes of UPA. Four clusters labeled as “Seekers of leisure activities”, “UPA-dependent growers”, “Recreation-oriented growers” and “Little engaged growers” are created. Multiple purposes of UPA are shown by profiling the clusters due to demographic, socioeconomic and other selected characteristics. The results show that depending on the type of plot the importance of UPA shifts from livelihood necessity to recreational resource or combines both.Urban and peri-urban agriculture, livelihood, Ukraine, Farm Management,
Water poverty in the peri-urban territories of Mumbai, India
No full textThis paper addresses water poverty in the peri-urban areas of Mumbai. The term "water poverty" refers to a variety of situations where people lack from sufficient water in terms of quality and quantity or from enough money to buy water from formal and informal providers. The aim of this paper is to identify "water poor peri-urban population" and examine their access to water and how they satisfy their needs. Peri-urban areas are undergoing rapid transformations in the form of economic development, urbanization, demographic changes, environmental hazards all of which are having implications on the demand and supply of water. The water policies are not able to adapt to these rapid transformations. Therefore, a growing population lacks from sufficient access to water, in terms of being supplied by a large distribution network, or by private operators using alternative means.demand of water ; water poverty ; access to water ; peri-urban aera ; India ; Mumbai
Peri-urbanisation, Social Heterogeneity and Ecological Simplification
No full textPeri-urban development pressure on and near Australian coastlines is resulting in the conversion of agricultural land for rural-residential use. The impact of larger and more diverse human populations upon the ecological assets remaining in agricultural landscapes has consequently become a policy concern. This paper contributes to these policy debates by integrating the results of parallel social and ecological research projects commissioned to improve natural resource management in peri-urbanising regions. The research was undertaken in the case study region of South East Queensland, the region supporting Australia’s most rapid population growth. Our results indicate that both social and ecological communities cross a fragmentation threshold due to peri-urban development whereby they become ecologically simple and socially heterogeneous in a coupling that cedes a poor diagnosis for biodiversity retention.stored soil water, dryland grain cropping, extension, social systems, RD&E, differentiation
Indicadores de risco para a peri-implantite
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Florianópolis, 2014.O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os indicadores de risco sistêmicos e locais associados com a peri-implantite e sua prevalência. Os critérios de inclusão para o estudo compreenderam: pacientes tratados com implantes de titânio Implacil De Bortoli (São Paulo, Brasil) na Fundação para o Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico da Odontologia (FUNDECTO), da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), no período de 1998 a 2012. Foram examinados 183 pacientes, reabilitados com 916 implantes em função por pelo menos 1 ano. As variáveis foram avaliadas segundo condição sistêmica do paciente, características do implante, coroa protética e parâmetros clínicos. A regressão logística não demonstrou associação de características do implante com a PI. Houve correlação estatística positiva para histórico de doença periodontal (DP), próteses cimentadas, presença de facetas de desgaste na coroa protética e próteses totais. A PI apresentou risco aumentado em 2.20 vezes para histórico de DP, 3.62 vezes para próteses cimentadas em relação às parafusadas, 2.43 vezes na presença de facetas de desgaste na coroa protética e 16.11 vezes para próteses totais em relação as parafusadas. Foram relacionados como indicadores de risco para a PI histórico de DP, próteses cimentadas, presença de facetas de desgaste na coroa protética e próteses totais. As características dos implantes não foram relacionadas com a PI.Abstract : The aim of this study was to identify systemic and local risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis (PI) and its prevalence. Inclusion criteria for the study were patients treated with osseointegrated implants (Implacil De Bortoli, Sao Paulo, Brazil) at FUNDECTO (University of Sao Paulo, USP), from 1998 to 2012. There were examined 183 patients, rehabilitated with 916 implants in function for 1 year at least. Variables were evaluated according to patient's systemic condition, implant's characteristics, prosthetic crown and clinical parameters. Logistic regression did not show any association between implant's characteristics with PI. Also, it was identified an increased risk of 2.20 times for historic of periodontal disease (PD), 3.62 times for cemented restorations compared to screw-retained, 2.43 times when displayed wear facets on the prosthetic crown and 16.11 times for total rehabilitations when compared to single rehabilitations. There were related as risk indicators for PI the historic of periodontal disease, cemented prostheses, presence of wear facets on the prosthetic crown and in total rehabilitations. Implants' characteristics were not related with PI
Relação entre perda óssea peri-implantar e tabagismo
No full textTCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Odontologia.Atualmente, os efeitos adversos do tabagismo na saúde sistêmica e oral são amplamente conhecidos e estudados. Em implantodontia, o conceito de perda óssea peri-implantar está associado a diversos fatores, tais como bacterianos, funcionais, entre outros. Com o intuito de compreender a relação do tabagismo como indicador de risco para as perdas ósseas peri-implantares, muitos estudos foram e vem sendo realizados, trazendo importantes esclarecimentos sobre o tema. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do tabagismo na perda óssea periimplantar. Materiais e Métodos: A partir de um total de 290 pacientes (1043 implates) atendidos pelo programa de suporte periodontal da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 36 pacientes apresentaram histórico de tabagismo, dos quais 19 com frequência de tabagismo de moderada a pesada (9 homens e 10 mulheres) foram selecionados para o estudo. Reabilitados com 74 implantes do tipo hexágono externo instalados ao nível da crista óssea e com mais de um ano de acompanhamento após instalação da prótese. A perda óssea foi determinada comparando radiografias periapicais realizadas em um primeiro momento (PO-1) de controle da prótese com as radiografias de reavaliação em um segundo momento de controle (PO-2). Para essa comparação foi utilizado o software de análise de imagem (Digimizer), mensurando a distância entre a interface implante-componente e o primeiro contato osso-implante. As medições foram feitas por um único investigador cego avaliando o mesmo sítio (mesial ou distal) de cada implante em ambos os controles. Os resultados da comparação de perda óssea dos pacientes foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de teste chi quadrado, com nível de significância (p>0.001). Resultados: Em pacientes com menos de 5 anos de controle, 70,2% dos implantes apresentaram perda óssea patológica em comparação com 44,4% em pacientes com mais de 5 anos de controle. Conclusão: Nos primeiros 5 anos de controle houve maior perda óssea patológica em pacientes com consumos moderado e pesado de tabaco, após esse período, a perda é regulada.Currently, the adverse effects of smoking on oral and systemic health are widely known and studied. In implant dentistry, the concept of periimplant bone loss is associated with several factors, such as bacterial, functional and so on. In order to understand smoking is a risk factor for peri-implant bone loss, many studies have been and are being carried out, bringing much light on the subject. Objective: To evaluate the influence of smoking in peri-implant bone loss. Materials and Methods: From a total of 290 patients (1043 implates) attended by periodontal support program of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, 36 patients had a history of smoking, including 19 with smoking frequency of moderate to heavy (9 men and 10 women) were selected for the study. Rehabilitated with 74 implants of the type external hexagon at the level of the bone crest and over a year of follow-up after installing the prosthesis. Bone loss was determined by comparing periapical radiographs taken at first (PO-1) control of the prosthesis with the revaluation radiographs in a second phase control (PO-2). For this comparison we used the image analysis software (Digimizer), measuring the distance between the component-implant interface and the first implant-bone contact. The measurements were made by a single blinded investigator evaluated the same site (mesial or distal) of each implant in both controls. The results of bone loss comparison of patients were statistically analyzed using chi square test, with significance level (p> 0.001). Results: In patients younger than 5 years of control implant showed 70.2% of pathological bone loss compared to 44.4% in patients older than 5 years of control. Conclusion: In the first five years of control was higher pathologic bone loss in patients with moderate and heavy consumos tobacco, after this period, the loss is regulated
Mucosite peri-implantar: qual o melhor tratamento?
No full textTCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Odontologia.Objetivo: Avaliar a melhor terapia para o tratamento da mucosite periimplantar. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 64 implantes com mucosite periimplantar. Os implantes foram divididos em quatro grupos de tratamento da doença: G1 curetas de teflon + digluconato de clorexidine 0,12%, G2 curetas de teflon, G3 escova Robinson + pasta profilática+ digluconato de clorexidine 0,12% e G4 escova Robinson + pasta profilática. Os grupos foram avaliados quanto aos melhores resultados clínicos no índice de placa modificado, índice de sangramento à sondagem modificado, sangramento de sulco e profundidade clínica de sondagem. Resultados: O G3 apresentou melhores resultados do que os demais grupos testados P ≤ 0,05. Conclusão: Terapia não cirúrgica de remoção mecânica com escova Robinson associada com pasta profilática e administração de colutório bucal, diguclonato de clorexidine 0,12% (Periogard) demonstrou melhora considerável na profundidade clínica de sondagem e no sangramento à sondagem.Objective: To evaluate the best therapy for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis. Methodology: A total of 64 implants with peri-implant mucositis. The implants were divided into four treatment groups disease: G1 curettes Teflon + 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, curettes Teflon G2, G3 Robinson brush + prophylactic paste + Chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12% and G4 + Robinson brush prophylactic paste . The groups were evaluated for the best clinical outcomes in the modified plaque index, bleeding on probing index modified sulcus bleeding and probing depth. Results: The G3 showed better results than the other groups tested P ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: Therapy non-surgical removal with mechanical brush Robinson associated with prophylactic paste and mouthwash oral administration, diguclonato of chlorhexidine 0.12% (Periogard) showed considerable improvement in probing depth and bleeding on probing
A Review of whether peri-operative nursing records used in the Western Cape Metropolitan health region are in line with international standards and recommendations for standard content and design characteristics for the Western Cape
No full textBibliography: leaves 180-193.Peri-operative nursing is faced with increasing pressure to improve productivity while coping with diminishing resources. Nurses have to work harder and faster while still maintaining a high standard of patient care. This emphasises the need for comprehensive, yet easy-to-use peri-operative nursing records. A descriptive, non experimental research design was used to survey peri-operative nursing records used in the Western Cape Metropolitan Health Region and content and design characteristics were identified. A comparison was made between these records and the standard set by the Association of Operating Room Nurses (AORN) in the United States of America. The criteria stipulated by the AORN standard were found to be relevant to South African peri-operative nursing practice with a few exceptions. In spite of this, the perioperative nursing records reviewed did not compare well with the AORN standard and were particularly deficient in risk management areas such as potential injury related to positioning the patient, and electrical and physical hazards. Content criteria not mentioned by the standard, but appearing in the local records were identified and certain aspects of design recognised in the literature were also discussed. Recommendations for a South African standard for peri-operative nursing records were made, as well a$ recommendations for further research into the use and design of peri-operative nursing records
A influência da geometria do implante na perda óssea peri-implantar: um estudo de corte transversal em humanos
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Florianópolis, 2015.Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a influência da geometria do implante na perda óssea peri-implantar. Materiais e métodos: Pacientes tratados com implantes de titânio Implacil De Bortoli (São Paulo, Brasil) na Fundação para o Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico da Odontologia (FUNDECTO), da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), no período de 1998 a 2012 foram chamados para consulta de manutenção. Entre Abril a Novembro de 2013, foram examinados 183 pacientes reabilitados com 916 implantes em função por pelo menos um ano. A variável perda óssea marginal foi avaliada segundo o fator: tipo de implante (forma cilíndrica ou cônica e conexão hexagonal interna ou externa). Resultados: O teste t para médias de amostras independentes com variâncias desconhecidas mostrou perda óssea significante maior para os implantes cilíndricos quando se considera como ponto de referência coronal para aferir a perda óssea o topo do implante. Mas, quando se utiliza a base do colar liso como ponto de referência coronal para aferição, a situação se inverte e os implantes de forma cônica apresentam perda óssea significativamente maior. Conclusões: Todos os grupos de implantes estudados apresentaram baixos valores de perda óssea peri-implantar. A geometria do implante e o comprimento do colar liso têm significativa influência na perda óssea peri-implantar. Implantes cônicos, com micro espiras cervicais e menor comprimento de colar liso, mostraram menor perda óssea marginal.Abstract : Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of implant geometry in peri-implant bone loss. Materials and methods: From April to November 2013, there were examined 183 patients treated with osseointegrated implants (Implacil De Bortoli, Sao Paulo, Brazil) performed at FUNDECTO (University of Sao Paulo - USP) from 1998 to 2012, rehabilitated with 916 implants in function for 1 year at least. The variable marginal bone loss was assessed according to the factor type of implant (cylindrical or conical shape and internal or external hexagonal connection). Results: The t test for means of independent samples with unknown variance showed significant greater bone loss for cylindrical implants when considering the top of the implant as coronal reference point to measure bone loss the. But, when the base of smooth neck was used as a coronal reference point for measuring the conical implants have significantly higher bone loss. Conclusions: All studied implant groups had low peri-implant bone loss values. The implant geometry and the smooth neck length significantly influence peri-implant bone loss. Tapered implants with shorter smooth neck length and cervical micro threads had lower marginal bone loss
Environmental problems and opportunities of the peri-urban interface and their impact upon the poor
No full textThe objective of this document is to provide an overview of the problems and opportunities of the peri-urban interface (PUI) with regard to the broad concerns of environmentalsustainability and poverty
Land Markets, Employment, and Resource Use in the Peri-Urban Green Zones of Maputo, Mozambique: A Case Study of Land Market Rigidities and Institutional Constraints to Economic Growth
No full textBeginning in January 1991, the U.S. Agency for International Development funded a series of studies on land, employment, and financial markets in the peri-urban areas of Maputo. Beginning in September 1991, a land-market survey involving 121 households and 162 plots of land was administered in two peri-urban green zones of Maputo-districts 4 and 6. Households were queried about their land-settlement histories, mode of land acquisition, terms and conditions of transfer, land rights, size of holdings, perceptions of tenure security, land-use practices, commercial input use, hired labor, agricultural sales and revenues, nonfarm employment and earnings, and general demographic characteristics. The present study reports findings from the land-market survey along with numerous other interviews with producers, buyers and sellers of land, local authorities, and district and national officials in Maputo and its surrounding peri-urban green zones. Section 1 is introductory while section 2 covers the legal foundation of land tenure and describes the various authorities and agencies responsible for setting and enforcing land policy in the peri-urban zone. Section 3 explains the research design and sampling frame used to select households and landholdings for the study, choice of strata, survey instruments, research questions, and data limitations. Section 4 provides a statistical profile of the household economy while section 5 examines processes of land settlement, land acquisition, types and sources of land dispute, and registration benefits. In section 6, economic and political factors are linked with land prices to explain the determination of "reservation" and "offer" prices of land and to evaluate the influence of market factors and Possible asymmetries in information and bargaining position on land-price perceptions.Land Economics/Use,
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