49 research outputs found
Diseases and Pests of Rice in Japan
No full text In no country is the technique of rice-growing so advanced as in Japan. Dr. Padwick, author of “Manual of Rice Diseases” reports on the extensive use now being made by the Japanese of chemicals to control rice pests and diseases. </jats:p
Spirit, desire and the world: Roho churches of western Kenya in the era of globalization
No full textThis thesis is a study of the Roho churches of Vihiga District, Western Kenya, from their beginnings in 1927 to the present. After an initial historical overview of this group of African Independent Churches, it examines their creation of a vernacular theology – the founders’ vision. This was characterized by a strong pneumatology, in which the Holy Spirit acts as guardian of the community. The thesis locates this vision, and its rejection of modernist, western, and capitalist modes of development, in the articulation of the traditional communal mode of production in contradistinction to the European industrial capitalism characteristic of Kenya in the 1930s. It examines the desire of Roho leaders to play a role in the public sphere and recounts their attempt to influence national political life through an indigenous conciliar movement at the time of political independence. Finally, it examines the process of re-envisioning undertaken by Roho leaders and members to meet the dual challenges of pauperization and modernization at the present day
Resistivity measurements of thin films of bismuth : applications for building bolometric detectors
No full textThe resistivity of thin bismuth films grown on sapphire substrates has been measured
as a function of growth rate, thickness, and temperature. Seven different samples were
measured. In all cases the resistivity of the films was completely unlike the resistivity
of the bulk material, and each sample exhibited a negative temperature coefficient of
resistance (TCR). A model is presented which provides a physical interpretation of the
shape of the resistivity - temperature curve of thin bismuth films. This model is a new
contribution to this field of research, since there appears to be no satisfactory explanation
for the anomalous temperature dependence of the resistivity of thin bismuth films
published in the literature.
The sheet resistance of the films at 4.2K was found to decrease with increasing thickness.
Based on the experimental data, a bismuth film of thickness 200Å should have a
sheet resistance of 188.5Ω/ at helium temperatures. The resistance of the thinner films
was found to increase as a function of time when exposed to the air, and this seems to
be consistent with a layer of insulating Bi₂O₃, forming at the surface of the film. The
sheet resistance and resistivity of a 5000Å thick coating of vapor deposited aluminum
was measured as a function of temperature in the range 300K — 4.2K. The resistivity
was found to be greater than that of the bulk material at all temperatures, and the sheet
resistance at 80K was equal to R = 0.051Ω.Science, Faculty ofPhysics and Astronomy, Department ofGraduat
The perceived effects of the European working time directive upon training opportunities for specialist registrars in general surgery in the West Midlands
No full textBackground: There is concern in the medical literature that reduced work hours as a result of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) is detrimental to surgical training due to reduction in workplace-based training opportunities. This is supported by literature suggesting that learning theories applicable to surgical training include social learning and constructivism, and that surgeons are ‘hands-on’, practical learners. However, there is no conclusive evidence that reduced hours is detrimental to surgical training, and this study aims to explore whether this is indeed the case. Methods: A series of one-to-one semi-structured interviews were performed with Year 5 and 6 Specialist Registrars in General Surgery on the West Midlands Higher Surgical Training scheme. Nine interviews were performed before thematic saturation was reached. Interview transcripts were then thematically analysed in NVivo 9. Results: Participants perceive the EWTD to have reduced training opportunities due to reduced hours, a change to working shifts as opposed to 24-hour on-calls and the introduction of timetabled days off into on-call rotas in order to make them EWTD-compliant, which is largely being used in order to gain further training opportunities. Trainees are attending courses and going on Fellowships in order to augment training. There is a difference in opinion as to what constitutes training and what constitutes service provision. Trainees perceive that shift-working leads to increased fatigue and a disruption to life outside of work. Conclusion: Overall perceptions are of a detrimental effect upon training opportunities for a variety of reasons, which is consistent with the current literature. New theory has been generated regarding the perceptions of service and training activities, and the differences between 24-hour on-calls and shifts upon fatigue, which could be explored further with quantitative methodologies
Missionary pioneering in Congo forests : a narrative of the labours of William F.P. Burton and his companions in the nativevillages of Luba-Land. /
No full textMode of access: Internet
Role of PAL and PPO Enzyme Activity in Host Pathogen interaction of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L) Root Tissue Infected with Fusarium Wilt
No full textIn this study, changes in the activities of Phenlylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) during development and stages of wilt (Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr. f.sp. ciceri (Padwick) Matuo & K. Sato) disease infection in chickpea(Cicer arietinum L) were investigated. During the early stages of disease development, at pre-infectional stage (S1), cultivars did not show any significant change in PAL activity. The activity was significantly increased at infectional stage (S2) as compared with pre infectional stage (S1). Susceptible cultivars had the lower value of PAL at infectional stage (S2). However, at S2 stage cultivars GG-4 and JCP-27 were at par. At post infectional stage (S3), the activity was found to be increased in the all cultivars as compared to infectional or mid growth stage and the resistant and tolerant cultivars were at par. Susceptible cultivars (JG-62 and GG-4) had the lower activity as compared to the resistant and tolerant cultivars. The resistant cultivars WR-315 and JCP-27 revealed higher level of activity, the level of activity significantly increased marginally during infection. In the present experiment significantly higher activity in infected plants grown in sick plot also suggested that polyphenol oxidase might be involved in oxidation of phenolics in susceptible cultivar (JG-62). These observations suggest that the increase in PAL and PPO activities has an important role in disease resistance mechanism
Pest categorisation of Fusarium brachygibbosum
No full textThe EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Fusarium brachygibbosum Padwick. F. brachygibbosum is a well-characterised fungal plant pathogen with opportunistic behaviour, mostly isolated along with other fungal pathogens in symptomatic hosts. It has been reported from Africa, America, Asia and Oceania where it is has been associated with a wide range of symptoms on approximately 25 cultivated and non-cultivated plant species. The pathogen has been reported in Italy in soil/marine sediments and in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) seeds. The pathogen is not included in the EU Commission Implementing Regulation 2019/2072. This pest categorisation focused on a selected range of host plant species on which F. brachygibbosum fulfilled Koch′s postulates and was formally identified by multilocus gene sequencing analysis. Host plants for planting, seed of host plants and soil and other substrates originating in infested third countries are main pathways for the entry of the pathogen into the EU. There are no reports of interceptions of F. brachygibbosum in the EU. Host availability and climate suitability factors occurring in the EU are favourable for the establishment of the pathogen in Member States (MSs). Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the introduction of the pathogen into the EU. Additional measures are available to mitigate the risk of entry and spread of the pathogen in the EU. Despite the low aggressiveness observed in some reported hosts, it has been shown that, in the areas of its present distribution, the pathogen has a direct impact on certain hosts (e.g. almond, onion, soybean, tobacco) that are also relevant for the EU. The Panel concludes that F. brachygibbosum satisfies all the criteria to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest. However, high uncertainty remains regarding the distribution of the pathogen in the EU and some uncertainty exists about its potential impact in the EU. Specific surveys and re-evaluation of Fusarium isolates in culture collections could reduce these uncertainties
