1,720,955 research outputs found
Deberes fiduciarios personalizados como medio para facilitar inversiones sofisticadas en Latinoamérica
Get PDFFiduciary tailoring involves the modification of director’s fiduciary duties through contracts between existing shareholders, investors, and the corporation itself, usually finding a balance between investor’s interests and those of the corporation. This trend is widely accepted and debated in Delaware, where a functional framework for its use was created. For Latin America, however, this matter has had little research. This paper proves that, in fact, corporate law in several Latin American jurisdictions admits fiduciary tailoring and make a case for its use by sophisticated investors with particular emphasis on its application before sophisticated capital structures, shareholder activism, exits, and insolvency and financial difficulty. It is concluded that most Latin American jurisdictions, like Delaware, would receive important benefits if a framework of validity and enforcement of shareholder’s agreement that allows the introduction and use of various forms of fiduciary tailoring by sophisticated investors be implemented.El fiduciary tailoring consiste en la personalización de deberes y obligaciones fiduciarias de los oficiales de gobierno corporativo a través de contratos entre accionistas existentes, inversionistas y la compañía, usualmente siguiendo intereses comunes de inversionistas sofisticados y la compañía. Esta tendencia es ampliamente aceptada y discutida en Delaware, donde se creó un marco funcional para su utilización. Para América Latina, sin embargo, el tema continúa siendo un campo con escasos estudios. El presente artículo demuestra que, en realidad, los derechos societarios de América Latina admiten el fiduciary tailoring. También se explica su utilidad para inversionistas sofisticados con particular énfasis en su aplicación ante estructuras sofisticadas de capital, activismo accionarial, salida (exit) o venta de la compañía e insolvencia y dificultad financiera. Se concluye que la mayoría de las legislaciones de América Latina, como la de Delaware, derivarían beneficios importantes de adoptarse un esquema de validez y eficacia de pactos parasociales que permita la introducción de mecanismos de fiduciary tailoring y su uso por parte de inversionistas sofisticados
Notas sobre el principio de proximidad y sus condicionantes a la determinación judicial del derecho aplicable al contrato comercial internacional
No full textEl principio de proximidad constituye una expresión instrumental de la respuesta del Derecho Internacional Privado ante la necesidad de flexibilizar la rigidez, indiferencia y neutralidad de la norma conflictual, así como de privilegiar el alcance una solución material que resulte justa, eficiente e idónea para el caso concreto. Para tal fin, el principio de proximidad confía al Juez un nivel de discrecionalidad que se encuentra condicionado por distintas realidades que exceden los solos “elementos objetivos y subjetivos” que se desprenden del contrato, y cuya importancia se subraya en la determinación judicial del Derecho aplicable a los contratos comerciales internacionales. Por ello, las condicionantes que el principio de proximidad imprime a la discrecionalidad judicial en la determinación de la Ley aplicable al contrato comercial internacional son, principalmente, la interpretación del contrato desde el punto de vista de la voluntad e intención de las partes, naturaleza del contrato y de las prestaciones, y de las circunstancias contractuales; el contenido internacional del contrato, determinante de los puntos de conexión; y el análisis de las fuentes del Derecho Internacional Privado y de los valores materiales de los ordenamientos jurídicos implicados
The Role of Independent Non-Executive Directors in Resolving Corporate Governance Disputes: A Framework of Conciliation for Effectively Addressing Controversies Within Shareholders, Stakeholders and the Board of Directors?
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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