33 research outputs found
Table S1/2: Duration of swimming participation and age of subjects, Time of 200m swimming
No full text1. Duration of swimming participation and age of subjects
2. Time of 200m swimmin
Review for Cognitive Systems Research of the book The Brain and AI, by authors Karl Schlagenhauf and Fanji Gu
No full textThe human brain is often considered the most complex system known. It has a fantastic capacity to learn and remember, to recognize patterns in space and time, solve problems of all kinds, innovate tools and machines, create beautiful art and science. Is it reasonable to believe that we, in a foreseeable future, will be able to understand all the wonders of our own brain, enough to be able to mimic it and build artificial brains and minds that correspond to or even surpass the capacity of the human origin? Can we seriously believe that we (soon, or ever) will be able to build robots that know of and can reflect upon their own existence?This review of the book, The Brain and AI, deals with such issues, but in a very special way. It is written as a fascinating dialogue between the two authors, Chinese scientist Fanji Gu and German engineer Karl Schlagenhauf, where they discuss the development of neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI) with a critical examination of given "truths" in these fields. The Brain and AI is indeed worth reading for many reasons, regardless if you are a student or researcher in any of the many fields of science discussed here (e.g. physics, computer science, neuroscience, cognitive science psychology, social science), or if you are just interested in the current and future development of brain research and artificial intelligence. The book is both educating and entertaining and can be strongly recommended. (C) 2020 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V
Review for Cognitive Systems Research of the book The Brain and AI, by authors Karl Schlagenhauf and Fanji Gu [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThe human brain is often considered the most complex system known. It has a fantastic capacity to learn and remember, to recognize patterns in space and time, solve problems of all kinds, innovate tools and machines, create beautiful art and science. Is it reasonable to believe that we, in a foreseeable future, will be able to understand all the wonders of our own brain, enough to be able to mimic it and build artificial brains and minds that correspond to or even surpass the capacity of the human origin? Can we seriously believe that we (soon, or ever) will be able to build robots that know of and can reflect upon their own existence?This review of the book, The Brain and AI, deals with such issues, but in a very special way. It is written as a fascinating dialogue between the two authors, Chinese scientist Fanji Gu and German engineer Karl Schlagenhauf, where they discuss the development of neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI) with a critical examination of given "truths" in these fields. The Brain and AI is indeed worth reading for many reasons, regardless if you are a student or researcher in any of the many fields of science discussed here (e.g. physics, computer science, neuroscience, cognitive science psychology, social science), or if you are just interested in the current and future development of brain research and artificial intelligence. The book is both educating and entertaining and can be strongly recommended. (C) 2020 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V
Does Additional Dietary Supplementation Improve Physiotherapeutic Treatment Outcome in Tendinopathy? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplements in addition to physiotherapeutic treatment on pain and functional outcomes. PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched from inception to November 2021 (Prospero registration: CRD42021291951). Studies were eligible if the interventions consisted of physiotherapeutic approaches that were combined with dietary supplementation and if they reported measures of pain and/or function. Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and analysed using a Review Manager software. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore possible associations between the study characteristics and the effectiveness of the intervention. Additional dietary supplementation during physiotherapeutic treatment significantly improved the reduction in pain score (SMD = −0.74, 95% CI, −1.37 to −0.10; p 0.05). This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that additional nutritional interventions may improve physiotherapeutic treatment outcomes in the management of tendinopathies.Peer Reviewe
Moderate physical activity and higher frequency are inversely associated with incidence of frailty in middle-aged and older population: a 4-year longitudinal study in Europe
No full textBackground: Global aging is leading to an increase in frailty patients, and physical activity (PA) may have an impact on frail in middle-aged and older population. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the frequency of different PA intensities and the incidence and prevalence of frailty in middle-aged and older adults based on the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Method: Self-reported questionnaires were used to obtain information on demographics and PA, and frailty was assessed using the SHARE Frailty Instrument (SHARE-FI). Cox regression and logistic regression models were used to explore the association between PA and frailty and stratified according to middle or old age. Results: Among 6315 baseline non-frail participants aged 44–96 years, 16.1% developed frailty over 4 years, with higher incidence and prevalence in women ( P < 0.05). Women accounting for 55.80% of the sample. The frequency of participants participating in sports decreased over 4 years ( P < 0.05). Compared with participants who engaged in PA more than once a week, participants who engaged in moderated PA less frequently had a higher risk of new-onset frailty (HR: 3.174–6.115), and participants who engaged in vigorous PA 1–3 times a month had a higher risk of new-onset frailty (HR: 1.335). Participation in low-frequency moderate PA and vigorous PA 1–3 times per month were positively associated with the prevalence of frailty ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Physical activity frequency decreases with age in middle-aged and older adults. Those adults who engage in moderate PA more than once a week have a lower risk of incidence of frailty, compared to those with more sedentary life-styles. Additionally, women need to pay more attention to frailty management.Peer Reviewe
Non-linear associations between blood glucose, blood lipids and inflammatory markers and new-onset arthritis in the middle-aged and older population - a cohort study in Europe
No full textAbstract Objective The arthritis burden increases with aging, while blood glucose, lipid profiles and inflammatory markers may affect the development of arthritis. This study aims to determine the associations between blood markers and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) for better arthritis management. Method Data from the 6th and 9th wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were used. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between blood markers and arthritis. Generalized additive models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to assess non-linear associations. Results This study included a total of 14,276 participants. The incidence was 5.80% for OA, and 13.92% for RA. The participants with new-onset OA and RA were more likely to be older, female, and with higher body mass index. The generalized additive model detected nonlinear associations between the incidence of OA and glycated hemoglobin A (HbA1c), and between the incidence of RA and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TRG). RCS curves (P-nonlinear 65, HDL levels between 44.99 and 67.42 mg/dL and TRG levels between 265.37 and 1125.06 mg/dL were associated with an increased risks of new-onset RA. Furthermore, total cholesterol, HbA1c, HDL and TRG were associated with the prevalence of arthritis. Conclusion Monitoring lipid profiles and HbA1c levels in middle-aged and older adults may help to manage arthritis
a cohort study in Europe
No full textThe article processing charge was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.Objective: The arthritis burden increases with aging, while blood glucose, lipid profiles and inflammatory markers may affect the development of arthritis. This study aims to determine the associations between blood markers and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) for better arthritis management.
Method: Data from the 6th and 9th wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) were used. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between blood markers and arthritis. Generalized additive models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to assess non-linear associations.
Results: This study included a total of 14,276 participants. The incidence was 5.80% for OA, and 13.92% for RA. The participants with new-onset OA and RA were more likely to be older, female, and with higher body mass index. The generalized additive model detected nonlinear associations between the incidence of OA and glycated hemoglobin A (HbA1c), and between the incidence of RA and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TRG). RCS curves (P-nonlinear 65, HDL levels between 44.99 and 67.42 mg/dL and TRG levels between 265.37 and 1125.06 mg/dL were associated with an increased risks of new-onset RA. Furthermore, total cholesterol, HbA1c, HDL and TRG were associated with the prevalence of arthritis.
Conclusion: Monitoring lipid profiles and HbA1c levels in middle-aged and older adults may help to manage arthritis.Peer Reviewe
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese version of the ankle joint functional assessment tool (AJFAT) questionnaire
No full textThe article processing charge was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491192747 and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.Background:
Ankle joint functional assessment tool (AJFAT) is gradually becoming a popular tool for diagnosing functional ankle instability (FAI). However, due to the lack of standard Chinese versions of AJFAT and reliability and validity tests, the use of AJFAT in the Chinese population is limited. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the AJFAT from English into Chinese, and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of AJFAT and to investigate its psychometric properties.
Methods:
The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of AJFAT was performed according to guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. 126 participants with a history of ankle sprain completed the AJFAT-C twice within 14 days and completed the Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT-C) once. Test–retest reliability, internal consistency, ceiling and floor effects, convergent and structure validity and discriminative ability were investigated.
Results:
The test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.87–0.94) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.87) of the AJFAT-C were excellent. No ceiling or floor effects were detected. A moderate correlation between the AJFAT-C and the CAIT-C suggested a moderate convergent validity. The AJFAT-C had a two-factor structure: 1. function of the unstable side of the ankle joint (9 items) and 2. symptoms of the unstable side of the ankle (2 items). The ideal cut-off point of the AJFAT-C was calculated as 26 points.
Conclusion:
The Chinese version of AJFAT can be considered as a valid and reliable ankle joint function evaluation tool that can be applied in clinical and research work.Peer Reviewe
a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textThe article processing charge was funded by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.Background: Hypoxic conditioning has emerged as a promising intervention for enhancing physiological adaptations. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aims to investigate the efficacy of hypoxic conditioning on physical fitness measures in aging populations.
Methods: The Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to November 2024 (Prospero registration: CRD42023474570). The Cochrane Evaluation Tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework were used for risk of bias assessment and evidence certainty evaluation. Mean differences (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Review Manager software. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore possible associations between the study characteristics and the effectiveness of the intervention.
Results: A total of 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 368 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. High certainty evidence found hypoxic conditioning (HC) significantly improved peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.01-0.61]; P 0.05), muscle strength (SMD = -0.19, 95% CI [-0.63-0.26]; P > 0.05), maximal power output (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI [-0.17-0.76]; P > 0.05), VO2max (SMD = -0.39, 95% CI [-1.12-1.90]; P > 0.05), and exercise workload (MD = -10.07, 95% CI [-34.95-14.80]; P > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study suggests that hypoxia conditioning has a greater effect on enhancing VO2peak compared to equivalent normoxic training in the middle-aged and older population. More high-quality RCTs are needed in the future to explore the optimal oxygen concentration and exercise intensity during hypoxia conditioning.Peer Reviewe
