962 research outputs found
Internet dispute resolution.
No full textPhDThis thesis develops a model for the fair resolution of internet disputes. The internet
has the potential to lead to international~ cross-border disputes being a powerful
communications medium, that allows data exchanges in various media formats
between a wide range of different users situated in distant locations. It explores the
meaning of fairness for the resolution of such disputes.
This thesis refers to the existing literature examining the private international law
issues arising from cross-border interactions and transactions on the internet which
make litigation and enforcement more costly and lengthy.
For many disputes arising on the internet, alternative ways of resolving such
disputes have to be found. This thesis contains a detailed exploration of the use of
mediation and arbitration, using online technology. obviating the need for the
parties and lawyers to meet face-to-face and leading to more efficient information
processing, and thereby reducing cost and delay in dispute resolution.
Binding dispute resolution and enforceability in cross-border cases are important
for internet disputes and can be provided by online arbitration. Therefore, this thesis
proceeds to examines in great detail the legal issues surrounding online arbitration.
It looks at questions of due process in arbitration and covers the legal issues
surrounding business-to-consumer arbitration comparing the European approach to
that in the us. The thesis contains a detailed analysis of the Uniform Domain Name
Dispute Resolution Procedure (UDRP) and considers to what extent the dispute
resolution model established by the UDRP could or should sene as a model for
other types of internet disputes.
The conclusion from this examination of all aspects of internet dispute resolution is
a model of dispute resolution. which encourages the use of online arbitration for
internet disputes but, where there exists a substantial power imbalance between the
disputants (such as the traditional business-to-consumer paradigm), subjects
traditional commercial arbitration to more stringent due process standards for
disputes
Modelling large-deformation plasticity in metals with edge based smoothed finite element method
No full textThe problem of modelling plasticity in materials has been investigated for the past 200 years. Standard theories on yielding for metals go back to the era of Tresca(1864) and von Mises(1913). The rapid rise of the finite element method and new testing techniques in the last few decades led to further research. This thesis aims to model large-deformation plasticity in metals using the Bai-Wierzbicki material plasticity model to account for local- ization and the effect of the stress state in the material. Further, a new element technology, the edge-based smoothed finite element method(ES-FEM), is used to increase the accuracy and convergence rate of the numerical solution. The scope of this thesis is limited to plane stress and plane strain plasticity but can be extended to 3D problems. This technique is implemented in ABAQUS using a user element(UEL) subroutine written in FORTRAN 95. The results show that the ES-FEM element performs more accurately than the traditional finite element for large-deformation plasticity problems.https://github.com/arshdeep-brar/FN-ESFEM-uel Github link for the codeAerospace Engineerin
Fn-Dps, a novel virulence factor of Fusobacterium nucleatum, disrupts erythrocytes and promotes metastasis in colorectal cancer
No full textFusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is a critical colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated bacterium. DNA hunger/stationary phase protective proteins (Dps) are bacterial ferritins that protect DNA from oxidative stress. However, little is known about the regulatory roles of Fn-Dps towards host cellular functions. Here, we identified Fn-Dps from the culture supernatant of Fn by mass spectrometry, and prepared the recombinant of Fn-Dps protein. We show a novel virulence protein of Fn, Fn-Dps, which lyses and disrupts erythrocytes by the competition for iron acquisition. Also, Fn-Dps facilitates intracellular survival of Fn in macrophages by upregulating the expression of the chemokine CCL2/CCL7. In addition, Fn-Dps can elicit a strong humoral immune response, and mucosal immunization with Fn-Dps conferred protection against Fn in the intestinal tract. Moreover, a high level of anti-Fn-Dps antibody was prevalent in populations, and elevated anti-Fn-Dps antibody levels were observed in CRC patients. Furthermore, Fn-Dps promotes the migration of CRC cells via the CCL2/CCL7-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes CRC metastasis in vivo. Author summary Our previous studies have found that the CRC-associated bacterium Fn is a facultative intracellular bacterium. To date, the underlying mechanism by which Fn infection induces carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, our findings revealed that Fn-Dps is a novel multifunctional Fn virulence factor that lyses and disrupts erythrocytes, enhances intracellular survival of Fn in macrophages, and promotes CRC metastasis. We also found that mucosal immunization with Fn-Dps conferred protection against Fn. A high level of serum anti-Fn-Dps antibody was prevalent in populations, and elevated anti-Fn-Dps antibody levels were observed in CRC patients. These findings reveal a novel Fn virulence factor that promotes tumor progression, providing a potential novel drug target for CRC treatment
„FN Serviss” Ltd. marketing communications in the context of the company’s reputation and image making
No full textOksana Kuļikova. Bakalaura darba „SIA „FN Serviss” mārketinga komunikācijas uzņēmuma reputācijas un tēla veidošanas kontekstā”.
Bakalaura darbā analizēta mārketinga komunikāciju izmantošana uzņēmuma reputācijas un tēla veidošanas procesā. Bakalaura darba mērķis ir, pamatojoties uz teorijā sniegtajām atziņām par mārketinga komunikācijām, izanalizēt konkrēta uzņēmuma - SIA „FN Serviss” mārketinga komunikāciju ietekmi uz uzņēmuma tēla un reputācijas veidošanu, kā arī izstrādāt priekšlikumus SIA „FN SERVISS” mārketinga komunikāciju pilnveidošanai.
Pirmajā darba nodaļā autore pēta mārketinga komunikāciju teorētiskos aspektus, otrajā daļā pēta SIA „FN Serviss” darbību, mērķauditoriju un izmantotās mārketinga komunikācijas, analizē to efektivitāti uzņēmuma reputācijas un tēla veidošanā. Trešajā nodaļā tiek apkopoti pētāmā uzņēmuma klientu aptaujas rezultāti, kā arī izstrādāti mārketinga komunikāciju pilnveidošanas virzieni uzņēmuma SIA „FN Serviss” reputācijas un tēla uzlabošanai un popularizēšanai.
Pētījuma periods – 2002. - 2009. gads. Darba apjoms 86 lapaspuses, tajā ir 19 attēli, 9 tabulas un 1 pielikums.
Atslēgvārdi: mārketinga komunikācijas, uzņēmuma reputācija, uzņēmuma tēls, reklāma, sabiedriskās attiecības.Oksana Kuļikova. Bachelor work ““FN Serviss” Ltd. marketing communications in the context of the company's reputation and image making”.
Thesis analyzes the use of marketing communications company's reputation and image making process. Bachelor's work is based on the theory's knowledge of marketing communications, to analyze a particular company – “FN Serviss” Ltd. marketing communications impact on the company's image and reputation building, and to develop proposals for “FN Services” Ltd. marketing communications development.
In the first chapter the author examines the theoretical aspects of marketing communications, the second part examines the “FN Serviss” Ltd. operation targeting and marketing communication used, analyze the effectiveness of the company's reputation and image. The third chapter summarizes the researched company’s customer survery results, as well as to develop marketing communications development directions of the company “FN Serviss” Ltd. reputation and image improvement and promotion.
The study period - 2002 - 2009. 86 amount of work pages, there are 19 images, 9 tables and 1 attachment.
Keywords: marketing communication, company reputation, company image, advertising, public relations
The urban environment : agendas and problems
No full textThe United Nations estimate that by 2025 there will be around 5 billion people living in urban areas, more than the total world population 20 years ago. Currently, the developed nations are the most urbanised with, on average around three-quarters of their population living in cities, but this is changing. Increased levels of economic growth, of migration, of population expansion and, in some cases, of unprecedented industrial growth, mean that Asia and Africa will be the regions most radically affected by urban development over the next twenty years. Increasing debate on issues of urban sustainability has led to the consolidation of environmental agendas and the definition of a specific body of problems and policy issues on two levels. The first involves green agenda problems occupying the concerns of many in the developed nations such as global warming, ozone-layer depletion, loss of bio-diversity, deforestation, and the exhaustion of non-renewable resources. For the developing world, however, these global environmental problems are less immediate than the need to resolve acute problems relating to poverty and the so-called brown agenda problems of air and water pollution, inadequate waste management, the lack of basic services and green areas, declining infrastructure, and poor housing conditions, as well as issues of health, crime, violence, and social exclusion. It is now a commonly held belief that the green agenda cannot be addressed until the urgent problems of urban social deprivation and inequalities are resolved. This paper reviews the scale and character of contemporary urbanisation and the rapid growth of cities, particularly within the developing nations, and examines associated implications with respect to the physical arrangement of cities, their resource consumption and their environmental impact
Quantitative Ultrasound of Cortical Bone in the Femoral Neck Predicts Femur Strength: Results of a Pilot Study
No full textArticle first published online: 15 JAN 2013 Pour consulter la version éditeur DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1742A significant risk of femoral neck (FN) fracture exists for men and women with an areal bone mineral density (aBMD) higher than the osteoporotic range, as measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Separately measuring the cortical and trabecular FN compartments and combining the results would likely be a critical aspect of enhancing the diagnostic capabilities of a new technique. Because the cortical shell determines a large part of FN strength a novel quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique that probes the FN cortical compartment was implemented, aimed at testing the sensitivity of the method to variations of FN cortical properties and FN strength. Nine femurs (women, mean age 83 years) were subjected to QUS to measure the through transmission time-of-flight (TOF) at the FN and mechanical tests to assess strength. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans were performed to enable analysis of the dependence of TOF on bone parameters. DXA was also performed for reference. An ultrasound wave propagating circumferentially in the cortical shell, which TOF was not influenced by the properties of the trabecular compartment Q3, was measured in all specimens. Averaged TOF for nine FN measurement positions/orientations was significantly correlated to strength (R² = 0.79) and FN cortical QCT variables: total BMD (R² = 0.54); regional BMD in the inferoanterior (R² = 0.90) and superoanterior (R² = 0.57) quadrants; and moment of inertia (R² = 0.71). The results of this study demonstrate that QUS can perform a targeted measurement of the FN cortical compartment. Because the method involves mechanical guided waves, the QUS variable is related to the geometric and material properties of the cortical shell (cortical thickness, tissue elasticity, and porosity). This work opens the way to a multimodal QUS assessment of the proximal femur, combining our approach targeting the cortical shell with the existing modality sensitive to the trabecular compartment. In vivo feasibility of our approach has to be confirmed with experimental data in patients
Shams al-dim al-Sakhawi as a historian of the 9th/15th century : with an edition of that section of his chronicles (Wajiz al-kalam) covering the period 800-849 / 1397-1445
No full textAlthough a prolific writer of history, Sakhawi is, primarily, a
traditionist. As such, accuracy both in utterance and writing would,
by the very nature of his training, be his first objective.
Modern writers appear to have neglected the importance of his
contribution to the understanding of the history of his century.
accept for a few articles, comparatively little has been written. It
is, therefore, strange that such a mine of information as Sakhawi's
writing presents has remained so long in oblivion.
In this thesis an attempt has been made to evaluate that contribution
together with an edition of part of his work.
The study has been divided into three sections, the first dealing
with Sakhawi’s life and times. This part of the study is based largely
on his autobiography which was written but a few months before he died.
During research no reference was discovered to this most informative
work.
The section falls into three chapters, the first of which endeavours
to show the political and educational aspects of Cairo during the early
part of Sakhawi's lifetime. Cairo was his native city and, as such,
made great impact on his early life.
In the second chapter the position of his family, his Shaykhs, the
academic journeys he made, his residence in Hijaz and the last phase of
his life are portrayed.
The third chapter deals with his activities as an adult, his reputation
as a traditionist together with a survey of his works as presented in
his autobiography.
In the second part, the study deals exclusively with Sakhawi as
a historian of the 9th/15th century. This part also is divided into
two chapters, the first of which considers the following aspects: -
I Sakawi's works on the century;
II His motives, methods and literary style and
III His treatment of the history of the century.
The second chapter collates Sakhawi's methods of selecting his
information and the painstaking efforts he made to verify them, together
with his historical achievements, while the last two topics endeavour to
evaluate his task as a historian in that century.
Section three presents the hitherto unedited part of Wajiz al-Kalam...
which deals with the history of the 9th/15th century. This section
also falls into the three divisions of preface, text and annotations.
The last divides again into two groups one of which deals with the
textual variants mentioned in the footnotes and the other attempts to
deal with the interpretation of most of the idiom, colloquial expressions
and the names of places and personalities mentioned in the supplement to
the text
Applications of weak attraction theory in Out(Fn)
No full textGiven a finite rank free group FN of rank ≥ 3 and two exponentially growing outer automorphisms ψ and φ with dual lamination pairs Λ± ψ and Λ± φ associated to them, which satisfy a notion of independence described in this paper, we will use the pingpong techniques developed by Handel and Mosher [14] to show that there exists an integer M > 0, such that for every m, n ≥ M, the group GM = hψ m, φn i will be a free group of rank two and every element of this free group which is not conjugate to a power of the generators will be fully irreducible and hyperbolic. We will also look at a different proof of the theorem of Kapovich and Lustig in [18] which shows that the Cannon-Thurston map for a fully-irreducible hyperbolic automorphism exists and is finiteto-one.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Pritam Ghos
Highly directive endfire loudspeaker array
No full textA loudspeaker system with an endfire array of three or more loudspeakers (Z n, n = 3, 4,..N) arranged on a line. The system has a set of filters (Fn, n = 3, 4,..N), each loudspeaker (Zn) being connected to one corresponding filter (Fn). The filters (Fn) are super resolution beamforming filters such as to provide the endfire array with a pre- designed directivity index (DI) and a pre-designed noise sensitivity (NS).Applied Science
Process Evaluation of introducing Online Faculty Evaluation by Residents at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
No full textABSTRACTIntroductionFaculty evaluation by resident physicians is uncommon in postgraduate medical education. This study is designed to conduct process evaluation of an online faculty evaluation by postgraduate residents at Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.Materials and methodsAction research design was utilized, and qualitative assessments were conducted between April and May 2013 at a private tertiary care hospital in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. Data were collected from the pediatric faculty and residents through focus group discussions (FGDs). The transcribed data were analyzed using computer software QSR NVivo version 10.0, and themes and subthemes were drawn.ResultsA total of five FGDs were conducted, three with faculty members and two with residents. The participants agreed that faculty evaluation is a critical element of the residency program, as it not only facilitates in identifying areas of improvement, but also contributes toward faculty's professional growth. However, ambiguity about the purpose of evaluation, lack of understanding of the components of the online evaluation form, and problems with rating scale and review process were reported. A large majority of participants recommended arranging motivation sessions for faculty and residents, ensuring privacy of rating by residents, modifying the rating scale and analysis, and defining the process of reviewing and sharing the feedback with faculties.ConclusionProcess evaluation was an important exercise and it helped to understand and improve the online faculty evaluation in the pediatric residency program.How to cite this articleHumayun KN, Qamar FN, Saeed S, Memon F, Khowaja AR. Process Evaluation of introducing Online Faculty Evaluation by Residents at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2018;52(1):16-21.</jats:sec
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