1,721,265 research outputs found
Inflammation and Immune Function
No full textAntioxidants protect the body from oxidative stress, thereby preventing damage to a wide range of cell structures including lipids, proteins and DNA. Regular physical activity can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, and improve immune function. Several studies have attempted to attenuate the inflammatory effects of exercise using antioxidant-rich supplements. Antioxidant supplementation has the potential to be a useful nutritional strategy for athletes at risk of respiratory illness. A perennial question for athletes is whether they can obtain adequate antioxidant intakes from normal dietary sources or nutritional supplements are needed. Ultra-endurance events are one area of endurance exercise and sport that warrants specific consideration for dietary antioxidant supplementation. Antioxidants can diminish the potential oxidative stress produced by high volume and intensity endurance training. Endurance training with intermittent resting hypoxia resulted in a decrease in resting plasma antioxidant levels, with little change in the control group without the hypoxic exposure
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Comparison of Incremental Intermittent and Time Trial Testing in Age-Group Swimmers
No full textThe
aim of this study was to compare physiological and biomechanical characteristics between an incremental intermittent test
and a time trial protocol in age-group swimmers. Eleven
national level age-group swimmers (6 men and 5 women) performed a 7 3 200-m incremental intermittent protocol (until
exhaustion; 30-second rest) and a 400-m test (T400) in front
crawl on separate days. Cardiorespiratory variables were measured continuously using a telemetric portable gas analyzer.
Swimming speed, stroke rate, stroke length, and stroke index
were assessed by video analysis. Physiological (oxygen uptake,
heart rate, and lactate concentrations) and biomechanical variables between seventh 200-m step (in which the minimal
swimming speed that elicits maximal oxygen uptake—vV_ O2max
was identified) and T400 (time trial/fixed distance) were compared with a paired student’s t test, Pearson’s product-moment
correlation, Passing-Bablok regression, and Bland-Altman plot
analyses. There were high level of agreement and high correlations (r-values ;0.90; p # 0.05) for all physiological variables
between the seventh 200-m step and T400. Similarly, there
were high level of agreements and high correlations (r-values
;0.90; p # 0.05) for all biomechanical variables and only trivial
bias in swimming speed (0.03 m$s21; 2%). Primary physiological and biomechanical responses between incremental intermittent and representative time trial protocols were similar, but best practice dictates protocols should not be used interchangeably to minimize errors in prescribing swimming training
speeds. The T400 is a valid, useful, and easier to administer test
for aerobic power assessment in age-group swimmers.No Full Tex
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
