1,226 research outputs found
Psychological correlates of e-waste recycling intentions and behaviors: A meta-analysis
Full text linkE-waste recycling is important for environmental sustainability. Despite the well-established infrastructure in place, only a small portion of users recycle e-waste. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the strength of key theory-based correlates of e-waste recycling intentions and behavior. We focused on hypothesized relationships between constructs from four relevant theories (i.e., extended theory of planned behavior, value-belief-norm theory, habit theories, and behavioral reasoning theory). A total of 36 studies were included in the final selection. Studies were coded for four moderators of model effects: age, gender, region of data collection, and study quality. Effect sizes from 37 samples (N = 18,410) were analyzed through bare-bones and psychometric meta-analysis. Consistently with the assumptions of the theory of planned behavior, the relationship between e-waste recycling intentions and actual behavioral outcomes had a very large effect size. Attitudes, policy effectiveness, and convenience were shown to be related to e-waste recycling intentions with very large effect sizes. Studies included presented high heterogeneity. In the final part of the manuscript, we explore methods for pinpointing potential intervention strategies aimed at facilitating e-waste recycling
About twin primes and distribution of primes
Full text linkThis paper give us a demonstration of twin primes conjecture using approximation of function �(iupsilon) that we introduce in section 6. Section 1-5 give us introduction to terminology and a clarification on (iupsilon) terms. In particular section
5 is really important because of its Lemma. Section 7 reassume foregoing explanations and it give us two theorems and one corollary;the theorem 7.2 give us exact approximation of twin primes counting function
Job Expectations and Professional Role Identity in Gambian Journalists: The Mediation Role of Job Satisfaction
Full text linkThis study investigates, in a sample of journalists, the relationship between meeting job expectations and professional role identity. Specifically, job expectations concerning career develop- ment, remuneration, and relationships with users were examined, while professional role identity was contextualised to the field of journalism. Following Mellado, we conceptualized journalists’ role identity as composed by the three dimensions of watchdog, propagandist, and citizen-oriented. An online questionnaire was administered from December 2021 to January 2022 and 74 Gambian journalists living in Gambia and in European countries answered the survey. The results indicated that job satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between meeting the expectations of the rela- tionship with users and the citizen-oriented role identity. Additionally, job satisfaction mediated the relationship between met expectations of career development and both citizen-oriented and watchdog professional role identities. These findings suggest that meeting expectations of career development and interaction with citizens is related to journalists’ role identities focused on controlling the political and economic establishment and empowering people. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed
Assessing the Relationship between Cognitive Workload, Workstation Design, User Acceptance and Trust in Collaborative Robots
Full text linkCollaborative robots are revolutionising the manufacturing industry and the way workers perform their tasks. When designing shared workspaces between robots and humans, human factors and ergonomics are often overlooked. This study assessed the relationship between cognitive workload, workstation design, user acceptance and trust in collaborative robots. We combined subjective and objective data to evaluate the cognitive workload during an assembly task in three different scenarios in which we manipulated various features of the workstation and interaction modalities. Our results showed that participants experienced a reduction in cognitive workload in each of the three trials, indicating an improvement in cognitive performance. Additionally, we found that user acceptance predicted perceived stress across the trials but did not significantly impact the cognitive workload. Trust was not found to moderate the relationship between cognitive workload and perceived stress. This study has the potential to make a significant contribution to the field of collaborative assembly systems by providing valuable insights and helping to bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners. This study can potentially impact companies looking to improve safety, productivity and efficiency
The impact of cultural intelligence on burnout among practitioners working with migrants: an examination of age, gender, training, and language proficiency
Full text linkMigrants are a vulnerable population that often requires specialized care and support. Practitioners who work with migrants must be knowledgeable about the unique challenges they face. Some first-line practitioners are better equipped to work in intercultural environments because they possess higher cultural intelligence (CQ). This study aims to examine the impact of cultural intelligence on burnout among practitioners working in 15 countries. It also compares levels of CQ in relation to age, gender, education, intercultural training, and language proficiency in the workplace. The participants in the study were professionals working primarily with migrants (N = 258) from 15 countries. The results indicate that motivational cultural intelligence significantly reduces burnout levels, while the cognitive and the behavioural dimensions do not have any effect. Practitioners who have undergone intercultural training have higher levels of cultural intelligence, and this type of training may be effective in improving cultural intelligence. The study provides organizations with insight on how to select and train first-line practitioners, focusing on developing cultural competencies and intrinsic motivation to prevent burnout among their staff and ultimately improve the quality of services
The Psychological and Professional Well-Being of Doctoral Students: Insights from Two Cohorts of a Major Italian University
No full textAlthough the doctoral path provides a unique opportunity for learning and professional growth, recent research has highlighted a significant prevalence of psychological problems among doctoral students. For this reason, it is crucial to shed light on this issue, understand the factors involved in PhD students' well-being, and inform potential solutions to address the dysfunctional aspects of doctoral programs. This scholarly work presents findings from a comprehensive investigation conducted between 2020 and 2021 among doctoral students from a large Italian University. Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model, we present two studies aimed at identifying the resources and work-related factors associated with psychological and professional well-being outcomes for doctoral students, including anxiety, depression, burnout, and satisfaction with the doctoral program. Study 1 adopted a quantitative approach and involved 243 PhD students surveyed in 2020. Study 2, conducted in 2021 and involving 264 PhD students , further expanded the previous study's findings with a revised quantitative approach, complementing it with a qualitative inquiry. Their results indicate that doctoral students -being outcomes are connected to a combination of structural factors within the doctoral program and relational and psychological aspects. Among the factors examined, the supervisor-student relationship emerged as a significant determinant of many well-being outcomes. Based on these results, the chapter discusses their implications. Awareness-raising and support interventions are suggested to address the challenges experienced by doctoral students and enhance their psychological and professional well-being (e.g., information meetings, awareness campaigns, and help desks), while adopting a collaborative approach, ongoing evaluation, and feedback loops
The Psychological and Professional Well-Being of Doctoral Students: Insights from Two Cohorts of a Major Italian University
No full textAlthough the doctoral path provides a unique opportunity for learning and professional growth, recent research has highlighted a significant prevalence of psychological problems among doctoral students. For this reason, it is crucial to shed light on this issue, understand the factors involved in PhD students' well-being, and inform potential solutions to address the dysfunctional aspects of doctoral programs. This scholarly work presents findings from a comprehensive investigation conducted between 2020 and 2021 among doctoral students from a large Italian University. Based on the Job Demands-Resources Model, we present two studies aimed at identifying the resources and work-related factors associated with psychological and professional well-being outcomes for doctoral students, including anxiety, depression, burnout, and satisfaction with the doctoral program. Study 1 adopted a quantitative approach and involved 243 PhD students surveyed in 2020. Study 2, conducted in 2021 and involving 264 PhD students , further expanded the previous study's findings with a revised quantitative approach, complementing it with a qualitative inquiry. Their results indicate that doctoral students -being outcomes are connected to a combination of structural factors within the doctoral program and relational and psychological aspects. Among the factors examined, the supervisor-student relationship emerged as a significant determinant of many well-being outcomes. Based on these results, the chapter discusses their implications. Awareness-raising and support interventions are suggested to address the challenges experienced by doctoral students and enhance their psychological and professional well-being (e.g., information meetings, awareness campaigns, and help desks), while adopting a collaborative approach, ongoing evaluation, and feedback loops
Promoting collection, reuse and recycling of electrical and electronic equipment
Full text linkE-waste poses significant environmental challenges, yet recycling rates remain low despite established infrastructure. Existing research has explored psychological drivers of recycling intentions but lacks insights into how these intentions translate into actions, the role of situational factors, and the potential of digital nudging to promote sustainable behaviours. This PhD thesis addresses these gaps through three interconnected studies, offering a comprehensive approach to enhancing e-waste management practices. The first study conducts a worldwide meta-analysis of 36 studies to identify key psychological antecedents of e-waste recycling behaviour, such as attitudes, convenience, and policy effectiveness, using constructs from prominent behavioural theories. These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation for understanding recycling behaviours. The second study investigates the influence of situational factors, including proximity and user experience of collection centres, on bridging the intention-behaviour. Using structural equation modelling with data from 700 participants gathered in Italy, the study demonstrates how convenience enhances recycling behaviours through normative and gain-based goals. The third study evaluates digital nudging strategies, specifically social comparison feedback, in influencing recycling and purchasing behaviours. An experimental survey of 524 Italian participants reveals nuanced effects, offering practical insights for designing pro-environmental digital interventions. Together, these studies provide actionable strategies to advance sustainable e-waste management and bridge critical research gaps
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Workers’ Skills: Upskilling and Reskilling in Organisations
Full text linkAim/Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the recent developments in research and practice on the transformation of professional skills by artificial intelligence (AI) and to identify solutions to the challenges that arise.
Background
The implementation of AI in various organisational sectors has the potential to automate tasks that are currently performed by humans or to reduce cognitive workload. While this can lead to increased productivity and efficiency, these rapid changes have significant implications for organisations and workers, as AI can also be perceived as leading to job losses. Successfully adapting to this transformation will lead companies and institutions to new working and organisational models, which requires implementing measures and strategies to upskill or reskill workers. Organisations, therefore, face considerable challenges such as guiding employees towards the change process, dealing with the cost of training, and ensuring fairness and inclusion posed by age, gender, and cultural diversity.
Methodology
A narrative review has been conducted to analyse research and practice on the impact of AI on human skills in organisations.
Contribution
This work contributes to the body of knowledge by examining recent trends in research and practice on how AI will transform professional skills and workplaces, highlighting the crucial role played by transversal skills and identifying strategies that can support organisations and guide workers toward the upskilling and reskilling challenges.
Findings
This work found that introducing AI in organisations combines many organisational strategies simultaneously. First, it is critical to map the transversal skills needed by workers to mitigate the current skills gap within the workplace. Secondly, organisations can help workers identify the skills required for AI adoption, improve current skills, and develop new skills. In addition, the findings show that companies need to implement processes to support workers by providing ad hoc training and development opportunities to ensure that workers’ attitudes and mental models towards AI are open and ready for the changing labour market and its related challenges.
Recommendation for Researchers
AI is a complex and multifaceted field that encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including computer science, mathematics, engineering, and behavioural and social sciences. Researchers should take a transdisciplinary approach to enable the integration of knowledge and perspectives from different fields that are essential to understanding the full range of implications and applications of AI.
Future Research
Further research is needed to understand the impact of AI on human skills and the role of soft skills in the adoption of AI in organisations. Future studies should also consider the challenges presented by Industry 5.0, which is likely to involve the integration of new technologies and automation on an even greater scale
Established and Outsiders at the Same Time - Self-Images and We-Images of Palestinians in the West Bank and in Israel
Full text linkPalestinians frequently present a harmonizing and homogenizing we-image of their own national we-group, as a way of counteracting Israeli attempts to sow divisions among them, whether through Israeli politics or through the dominant public discourse in Israel. However, a closer look reveals the fragility of this homogenizing we-image which masks a variety of internal tensions and conflicts. By applying methods and concepts from biographical research and figurational sociology, the articles in this volume offer an analysis of the Middle East conflict that goes beyond the polar opposition between “Israelis” and “Palestinians”. On the basis of case studies from five urban regions in Palestine and Israel (Bethlehem, Ramallah, East Jerusalem, Haifa and Jaffa), the authors explore the importance of belonging, collective self-images and different forms of social differentiation within Palestinian communities. For each region this is bound up with an analysis of the relevant social and socio-political contexts, and family and life histories. The analysis of (locally) different figurations means focusing on the perspective of Palestinians as members of different religious, socio-economic, political or generational groupings and local group constellations – for instance between Christians and Muslims or between long-time residents and refugees. The following scholars have contributed to this volume: Ahmed Albaba, Johannes Becker, Hendrik Hinrichsen, Gabriele Rosenthal, Nicole Witte, Arne Worm and Rixta Wundrak. Gabriele Rosenthal is a sociologist and professor of Qualitative Methodology at the Center of Methods in Social Sciences, University of Göttingen. Her major research focus is the intergenerational impact of collective and familial history on biographical structures and actional patterns of individuals and family systems. Her current research deals with ethnicity, ethno-political conflicts and the social construction of borders. She is the author and editor of numerous books, including The Holocaust in Three Generations (2009), Interpretative Sozialforschung (2011) and, together with Artur Bogner, Ethnicity, Belonging and Biography (2009)
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