1,720,958 research outputs found
Risk Factors of Colorectal Carcinoma Incidence in Young Adults: A Meta-Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction. The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young adults (below the age of 50 years) has been increased. However, there’s no screening method for these cancer in those group of age because there isno scientifically proven risk factor. Thus, a meta-analysis carried out to find out the risk factor for CRC in young adults. Method. A Meta-analysis study was conducted in January 2017. Literature search addressed to the articles published during a period of 2007– 2017 in Cochrane and PubMed using keywords: “young” AND “risk factor” AND “colorectal cancer” OR “colon cancer” or “rectal cancer”. Inclusion criteria were the CRC prevalence, risk factor analysis for CRC incidence and young population (below 50 years old). The meta-analysis carried out through qualitative and quantitative approach. Results. In the last 10 years, there were twelve published articles met the criteria. Those were cohort study (an article), case–control study (four articles), and cross–sectional study (seven articles). Twenty–five risk factors were noted. The meta–analysis showed that gender (males) with OR = 1.66, 95% CI = (1.04–2.64); I2 = 93%), family history with OR = 2.01, 95% CI = (1.11–3.67); I2 = 78%), metabolic syndrome with OR = 1.80, 95% CI = (1.49–2.16), I2 = 0%), and smoking with OR = 1.57, 95% CI = (1.40–1.77), I2 = 4%) were the significant risk factors with the association of CRC. Conclusion. Young adults of males, with a family history of CRC, metabolic syndrome, and smoking were at the risk to have colorectal cance
Factors Related with Complication Following Gastrectomy: Retrospective Analysis based on the Clavien–Dindo Classification System
Get PDFIntroduction. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment option in the management of gastric cancer. A study carried out and aimed to retrospectively analyze all complications following gastrectomy in accordance with severity of Clavien–Dindo classification, in addition to identify the related factors to postoperative complications. Method. The cross-sectional study enrolling a total of 35 patients with complete medical records who underwent gastrectomy in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta between January 2007 and December 2017. The complications and related factors were evaluated. Statistical analysis was employed to find out the correlation. Results. Of the 35 patients underwent gastrectomy at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta, the median age was 67, and 51.4% were female. Median of preoperative albumin was 3.0 g/dL, intraoperative blood transfusion was 217 mL and intraoperative blood loss was 500 mL. A total of 32 out of 35 subjects (91.4%) underwent partial gastrectomy and three total gastrectomy (8.6%). The incidence of severe complications (stage ≥IIIa) was 25.7% (n = 9). Those requiring surgical intervention caused by pneumothorax (5.7%), intra-abdominal bleeding (2.9%), anastomotic leakage (5.7%), duodenal stump leak (2.9%). Septic shock/death also found (8.5%). Age, intraoperative blood loss, and intraoperative blood transfusion were positively correlated with complication (
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Novel and simple method using cable ties to induce intestinal strangulation in a rat model
No full textBACKGROUND The pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis after strangulation in abdominal surgery is not fully understood. Developing an experimental and reliable method is needed to overcome this problem. This study aimed to develop an effective method for intestinal strangulation leading to fibrosis, which might induce intestinal obstruction.
METHODS This study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 at the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. Artificial intestinal strangulation using cable ties made of durable plastic, which is generally used to ligate objects, was applied, and rats were further classified into control, 6-hour, and 24-hour strangulation groups. At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed, intestinal tissues were collected, and histomorphological changes were observed using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Moreover, Masson’s trichome staining was used to assess collagen density.
RESULTS Median collagen density score of the 24-hour strangulation group was higher than the control. A significant difference in collagen density was found between the submucosal layer of the 24-hour strangulation group and the control (45.4 [11.4] versus 32.4 [14.0], p<0.001) and between the mucosa of the 6- and 24-hour strangulation groups and the control (26.9 [17] versus 6.46 [4.3], p = 0.01 and 24.9 [8] versus 6.46 [4.3], p = 0.004, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS The simple use of cable ties adequately promotes intestinal strangulation
Multimodality Treatment of Bile Duct Stone
No full textGallstone and bile duct stone is a common disease and affects people from every society, race, age and gender. Advance in medicine has led us to a new paradigm of bile duct stone treatment. Endoscopic procedures for bile duct stone by means of Endoscopy Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP), sphincterotomy, balloon dilation, basket extraction, and lithotripsy, and even using laser as well as the shockwave-has brought a lot of novel innovation with high success rate. Appropriate indication and the ability to recognize various risk factors of complication are the keys to successful treatment, in order to decrease morbidity and mortality rate. Multimodality treatment of bile duct stone includes endoscopy, surgery, and drugs are a treatment approach which has always to be carried out in bile duct stone management. Difficult bile duct stone cases such as large stone, impacted stone, biliary stone in pregnancy, and recurrent stone can be treated by endoscopy with excellent success rate particularly if it is accomplished using multimodality treatment. Keywords: bile duct stone, endoscopy, ERCP, sphincterotomy, mechanical lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy, shockwave, cholecystectomy laparoscopy, precut sphincerotom
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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