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Pengaruh Kebijakan Terhadap Prinsip Perlakuan yang sama dalam Pemberian Hak Istimewa Kepada Investor Asing di Indonesia
Full text linkPemberian hak istimewa kepada investor asing dalam sektor tertentu dapat berpotensi melanggar hak asasi manusia, seperti hak atas tanah dan hak atas lingkungan yang sehat. Investor asing mungkin tidak memiliki kepedulian yang sama terhadap hak-hak masyarakat lokal seperti pengusaha lokal. Regulasi terkait pemberian hak istimewa kepada investor asing di Indonesia seringkali tidak jelas dan menimbulkan interpretasi yang berbeda. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan ketidakpastian hukum dan potensi penyalahgunaan.
Jenis penelitian yang dipergunakan ketika penyusunan tesis ialah penelitian yuridis normatif (metode penelitian hukum normatif). Penelitian hukum normatif ialah sebuah proses guna mencari sebuah peraturan, prinsip, ataupun doktrin hukum guna menyelesaikan masalah Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan (satute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan perundangundangan (satute approach) dikarenakan, pendakan ini akan digunakan untuk mengetahui segala peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan topik hukum pada penelitian ini.
Sebagai kesimpulan, Pertama Pengaturan terkait pemberian Hak Istimewa kepada Investor asing di Indonesia terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia khususnya dalam Undang-undang Nomor 25 tahun 2007 tentang penanaman modal, pengaturan tersebut memberikan fasilitas-fasilitas kepada investor asing khususnya hak istimewa. Pengaturan tersebut belum sepenuhnya efektif sehingga adanya kekhawatiran terhadap kepastian hukumnya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa reformasi dalam sistem hukum dan pengaturan investasi perlu dilakukan agar Indonesia dapat menjadi tujuan utama bagi para penanam modal. Kedua, Indonesia telah mengimplementasikan prinsip-prinsip NT dan MFN dalam Undang-Undang No. 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal (UU PM). Pasal 6 ayat (1) UU PM menegaskan bahwa pemerintah wajib memberikan perlakuan yang sama kepada semua penanam modal yang berasal dari negara mana pun yang melakukan kegiatan penanaman modal di Indonesia, sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan. Terhadap keadilan hukum dalam hal ini terdapat kata "perlakuan yang sama" yang artinya setiap investor atau penanam modal yang berasal dari manapun baik dalam negeri maupun asing mendapatkan perlakuan yang setara dan tidak dibeda-bedakan. Maka sudah jelas terlaksananya Non Discrimination Principle.
Kata Kunci : Hak lstimewa, Investasi Asing, Asas Perlakuan yang sama. / Granting privileges to foreign investors in certain sectors may potentially violate human rights, such as the right to land and a healthy environment. Foreign investors may not have the same concern for the rights of local communities as local entrepreneurs. Regulations related to granting privileges to foreign investors in Indonesia are often unclear and subject to different interpretations. This can lead to legal uncertainty and potential abuse.
The thesis preparation process employs normative juridical research, also known as the normative legal research method. Normative legal research is the process of finding a regulation, principle, or legal doctrine to solve a problem. This research uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Researchers use a statutory approach (satute approach) because this approach will be used to find out all the laws and regulations related to the legal topics in this study.
In conclusion, Firstly, the regulation related to the granting of privileges to foreign investors in Indonesia is contained in Indonesian laws and regulations, especially in Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning capital investment. The regulation provides facilities to foreign investors, especially privileges. The regulation has not been fully effective, so there are concerns about its legal certainty. This indicates the need for reforms in the legal system and investment arrangements to position Indonesia as the primary destination for investors. Second, Indonesia has implemented the principles of NT and MFN in Law No. 25 of the 2007 Year on Investment (PM Law). Article 6 paragraph (1) of the PM Law affirms that the government is obliged to provide equal treatment to all investors from any country conducting investment activities in Indonesia, in accordance with statutory provisions. Against legal justice in this case, there are the words 'equal treatment' which means that every investor or investor who comes from anywhere, both domestic and foreign, gets equal treatment and is not differentiated. Then it is clear the implementation of the non-discrimination principle.
Keywords: p1·il1ilege, foreign investment, Equal Treatment Principle
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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