1,721,360 research outputs found
Rainforest transformation reduces parasitoid wasp diversity—Can the enrichment of flowering vegetation alleviate this?
Get PDFAbstract In Indonesia, the rapid expansion of oil palm and rubber plantations replaces large areas of tropical rainforest. Rainforest transformation alters the diversity and composition of parasitoid wasp communities, but appropriate management strategies to buffer their decline in rainforest transformation landscapes are not yet developed. Here, we studied the effects of rainforest conversion to smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations on parasitoid wasp species richness, abundance and species composition. We also conducted a flowering vegetation enrichment experiment using the flowering weed Asystasia gangetica in all land‐uses to investigate potential mitigation effects on parasitoid wasp diversity and composition. Rainforest transformation to rubber plantations caused a large decrease in species richness (46%) and abundance (59%) of parasitoid wasps. Community structure of parasitoid wasps differed between forest and monoculture habitats with more habitat‐specialised species in forest and a higher proportion of common species in the monoculture. The experimental flowering vegetation enrichment increased parasitoid wasp species richness by 18% and abundance by 127%. Enrichment also enhanced the presence of unique parasitoid species in plantation and furthermore increased differences in community composition between rainforest and plantations. However, the enrichment experiment was confounded by time, meaning that a multi‐year experiment with targeted controls is necessary for statistically more reliable statements. Our study shows the effect of rainforest transformation to oil palm and rubber plantations on parasitoid wasp communities. Although providing additional flowering vegetation in plantations seems to potentially mitigate diversity loss, further research is needed to confirm and to investigate the mechanisms how flowering plants alleviate negative effects of rainforest transformation on parasitoid communities. Thereby, efficient conservation strategies for parasitoids wasps and their biological control services can be developed for rapidly changing tropical landscapes.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan https://doi.org/10.13039/50110001453
Strategi Pemenangan Caleg Partai Gerindra Dalam Pemilu Legislatif 2019(Studi Kasus Bambang Pudjianto Dapil 2 Kabupaten Sidoarjo)
Get PDFPenelitian kali ini membahas terkait dengan strategi pemenangan caleg partai gerindra di sidoarjo. Dalam hal ini permasalahan yang terjadi adalah perebutan kursi DPRD kabupaten sidoarjo. Dalam skripsi ini peneliti akan menjelaskan strategi pemenangan, tantangan, dan hambatan selama proses kampanye caleg partai gerindra. Melihat dalam dengan kerangka teori Firmanzah dimana me-nyebutkan bahwa marketing politik dibagi 4 program (4P) yaitu : Produk, Pro-mosi, Price, Place. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat bagaimana strategi pemenangan yang dilakukan oleh caleg partai gerindra (Bambang Pudjianto) dapil 2 kabupaten sidoarjo yang dimana beliau merupakan caleg incumbent yang maju lagi sebagai wakil rakyat. Strategi yang di lakukan beliau adalah dengan mengan-dalkan 3 produk jargon politik ; #menangkan kita, program medical check-up dan warung aspirasi yang menuai respon antusias warga. Dengan strategi yang dil-akukan oleh Bambang Pudjianto berhasil menarik simpati masyarakat sehingga beliau di pilih kembali menjadi DPRD kabupaten sidoarjo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Habitat transformation and sustainable landscape: a preliminary study of the diversity of cross habitat pollinators
No full textSustainable landscape consist of the healthy provision of ecological services and the improvement of local human well-being. However, habitat transformation often affects pollinators. There is still a lack of research about how far does pollinators presence is being changed by habitat types. The aim of this research is to investigate the consequence of habitat transformation to pollinator diversity among habitat types. This research was conducted in the Harapan Forest, Jambi on three types of habitat from April to September 2017. Pollinators were collected using insect net and traps in and around the flowering plants in the plots. All pollinators were brought to the laboratory for identification. The highest abundance and species richness of pollinators were found in rubber and oil palm plantation, while the lowest were found in secondary forest. These results seem to be related to the presence of flowering plants that were more abundant in rubber and oil palm plantation compared to secondary forest. Different species of pollinators has different responses to the habitat transformation. For instance, the genus Tetragonula spp. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were found to be highly abundant in secondary forest, whereas Ceratina spp. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were highly abundant in rubber and oil palm plantation
Managing sustainable agroecosystem: Study on diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera on riparian sites of oil palm and rubber plantation
No full textParasitic Hymenoptera is important natural enemies to control pest population but threatened by habitat transformation. It is important to know the sustainable management agroecosystem that may conserve beneficial insects. There is still minimum research about the effect of riparian buffers effect on Hymenoptera diversity. The objectives of this research were to study parasitic Hymenoptera species richness and abundance in oil palm and rubber plantation, investigate the effect of riparian sites on diversity and species composition across the different habitat. The research was conducted in Jambi Province, Sumatra, Indonesia which consists of two different agroecosystems, oil palm, and rubber plantation. Parasitic Hymenoptera was collected by direct sampling using insect nets and traps using a yellow pan and malaise traps. Parasitic Hymenoptera species richness was different among oil palm and rubber plantation. Oil palm had higher species richness than rubber plantation. Riparian buffers sites, either oil palm or rubber plantation, had higher numbers of parasitic Hymenoptera species richness and abundance than upland dry sites. These results are related to the high number of wild flowering plants species richness in riparian buffers sites. Community structure between riparian and dry agroecosystem was not different. The same agroecosystem provided the same feeding source and host for parasitoid. Therefore, managing sustainable agroecosystem should consider the presence of wild flowering plants that may preserve parasitic Hymenoptera diversity in providing natural enemy services in an agroecosystem
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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