131,403 research outputs found
Smell you later - the repelling effect of secondary plant compounds against water voles and common voles
No full textFischer, D., Prokop, A., Wink, M., Mattes, H., Jacob, J
Noninvasive vascular ultrasound elastography
No full textContains fulltext :
100604.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 16 november 2012Promotor : Prokop, M. Co-promotor : Korte, C.L. d
R&D activities of enterprises, product market leadership, and collusion
No full textThe purpose of this study is to compare the consequences of, first, quantity
leadership, and, second, price leadership competition of duopolists for their R&D
investments, within the situation of a cartelized industry. Using game-theoretical
approach and numerical analysis, it turns out that under quantity leadership, the
R&D investments of enterprises decline with the increasing knowledge spillovers
in the industry. The relative R&D expenditures of the Stackelberg follower are
lower and they decline significantly faster than the R&D investments of the
Stackelberg leader. Each enterprise supplies the lowest value of the final product
when a research joint venture is formed, which also results in the highest market
price. Under price leadership, a larger extent of knowledge spillovers in the
industry leads to the reduction of R&D expenditures by both enterprises. The
highest price of the final product is set when a research joint venture is formed. In
a cartelized industry, the lowest values of R&D expenditures occur when there are
no knowledge spillovers between enterprises, or when they form a research joint
venture at the R&D stage. The highest values of R&D investments are observed for
the medium values of knowledge spillovers. Performed analysis allows to conclude
that tightening of cooperation in research and development between competitors
creates incentives for them to fully cartelize the market
Baltimorda scheelei Batelka & Rosová & Prokop 2023, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Baltimorda scheelei</i> (Ermisch, 1941) comb. nov. <p>(Fig. 1B)</p> <p> <i>Mordella Scheelei</i> Ermisch, 1941a: 178. Holotype: J, Baltic amber.</p> <p> <b>Type material examined.</b> HOLOTYPE (GPIH), ‘37 [p; white label] // D 52 [hw] 37 [hw] / Mordellinae [hw] / Mordella scheelei [hw] / Determinator: [p] Ermisch [hw] 19 [p] 4i [hw, sic] / coll.A. SCHEELE, Berlin-Lichterfelde [p; white lable with black frame and lines, red dot] // Mordella [p] / scheelei [hw] / det. Ermisch 194 [p] i [hw, sic; white label] // Mordella scheelei Ermisch 1941 / Baltischer Bernstein / Holotypus, Typ.Kat. Nr.4297 Scheele Nr. 37 [p; red label] // Mordella scheelei / ERMISCH 1941 / Baltischer Bernstein / GPIH- Scheele -0037 / Holotyp TK-Nr.:4297 / Familie: Mordellidae / Gattung: Mordella / Syninkl.: - [p; white label]’.</p> <p> <b>Comments on identification.</b> Seriously damaged piece of amber (broken into 5 small pieces), one of which contains the posterior half of the body of the holotype. A dark and thin dorso-lateral ridge is clearly visible on the left metatibia along its entire length, which is identical to that in <i>Baltimorda</i> ?undescribed species A. Metatarsal segments are not visible and likely absent. Because of the presence of the dorso-lateral ridge, this species cannot be attributed to <i>Mordella</i> and is transferred here to <i>Baltimorda</i> new collective group.</p>Published as part of <i>Batelka, Jan, Rosová, Kateřina & Prokop, Jakub, 2023, Diversity and morphology of Eocene and Oligocene Mordellidae (Coleoptera), pp. 451-478 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 63 (2)</i> on page 454, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2023.027, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10621277">http://zenodo.org/record/10621277</a>
Baltistena antiqua Batelka & Rosová & Prokop 2023, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Baltistena antiqua</i> (Ermisch, 1941) comb. nov. <p>(Figs 3A–C)</p> <p> <i>Mordellistena antiqua</i> Ermisch, 1941a: 181. Holotype: Baltic amber.</p> <p> <b>Type material examined.</b> HOLOTYPE (GPIH): ‘ TYPE [p; in black frame, red label] // 36 [p; white label] // D 52 [hw] / Mordellinae [hw] / Mordellistena antiqua [hw] / Determinator: [p] Ermisch [hw] 19 [p] 4i [hw, sic] / coll. A. SCHEELE, Berlin-Lichterfelde [p; white label with black frame and lines, red dot] // MORDELLISTENA [p] / antiqua [hw] / det. Ermisch 194 [p] i [hw, sic; white label] // <i>Mordellistina</i> [sic] <i>antiqua</i> Ermisch 1941 / Baltischer Bernstein / Holotypus,, Typ.Kat.Nr.3890, Scheele Nr. 36 [p; red label] // Mordellistena antiqua / ERMISCH 1941 / Baltischer Bernstein / GPIH- Scheele -0036 / Holotyp TK-Nr.: 3890 A / Familie: Mordellidae / Gattung: Mordellistena / Syninkl.: Lepidoptera (Köcher) [p; white label]’.</p> <p> <b>Comments on identification.</b> At least mesotarsomere IV is deeply dilated and bilobed so this species cannot be attributed to <i>Mordellistena</i>. To distinguish it from other Eocene Mordellistenini see the Key below.</p> <p> Because of its uncertain generic identity this species is transferred here into <i>Baltistena</i> new collective group.</p> <p> <b> <i>Baltistena goeckei</i> (Ermisch, 1941) comb. nov.</b> <i>Mordellistena goeckei</i> Ermisch, 1941a: 179. Holotype:J, Baltic amber.</p> <p> <b>Comments on identification.</b> According to the curator of the GPIH collection only an empty bag with label ‘broken’ was found and the type is considered lost. At the moment we cannot add any comment to this species. To distinguish this species tentatively from other Eocene Mordellistenini see the note after the key below.</p> <p> Because the generic identity of this species cannot be investigated and supported, it is transferred here into <i>Baltistena</i> new collective group.</p>Published as part of <i>Batelka, Jan, Rosová, Kateřina & Prokop, Jakub, 2023, Diversity and morphology of Eocene and Oligocene Mordellidae (Coleoptera), pp. 451-478 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 63 (2)</i> on pages 458-459, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2023.027, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10621277">http://zenodo.org/record/10621277</a>
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Business model innovation elements and product innovation radicalness: Central European lessons for innovation leaders and followers
No full textResearch background: Despite the increased interest in business model innovation (BMI) in the last 20 years, the current research landscape still lacks empirical efforts aimed at investigating the underexplored link between BMI and innovation performance. This is doubly true in specific contexts like Central European countries, whereas innovation systems are weaker than in Western ones, and firms strongly depend on internal R&D activities and absorptive capacity and technology upgrades via cooperation with other countries. Purpose of the article: This study draws on the BMI theory with the aim of analyzing the effects of each individual BMI element on firms' performance in terms of creation of radical innovations vs incremental ones. Methods: The data used are from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) 2018 - the latest micro data available to date - focusing on 16,364 firms in Central Europe, namely 5,749 Czech, 7,377 Hungarian, and 3,238 Slovakian firms. As the explained (dependent) variables are dichotomous (binary: 1 indicates the answer is yes, 0 indicates the answer is no) for all estimated models, a binary logistic regression is used in order to focus on the individual elements representing BMI and analyse their separated effects on firms' creation of radical and incremental innovations in Central Europe. Individual BMI elements are: BMI methods, logistics, communication, accounting, external relations, human resource management, and marketing. Moreover, we check for control variables such as tax credits and allowances of R&D, public funding of innovation, cooperation with other organizations on R&D or other activities, in-house R&D activities and contracted out ones, lack of finance, lack of skilled employees and internal financial resources, and size. Findings & value added: For radical innovators, practices for organising procedures and external relations are important. For incremental innovators, methods of organising work responsibility, decision making, and human resource management are significant. Surprisingly, regardless of the innovation radicality, several BMI elements are significant. This study suggests that managers should enhance strategic collaborations with external partners out of Central Europe, exploit their absorptive capacity, and increase the knowledge and experience of their employees, whilst policymakers should keep on providing tax credits and allowances for innovation activities, maintaining a supportive infrastructure and reducing administrative burdens
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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