1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Highly-resolved numerical simulation of turbulent premixed and stratified combustion under adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions with tabulated chemistry
No full textIn this thesis, premixed and stratified turbulent combustion processes under adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions are investigated with highly resolved large eddy simulation (LES) and direct numerical simulation (DNS). The flamelet generated manifolds (FGM) approach is used to model the combustion chemistry. The simulations are performed with the ‘PsiPhi’ CFD solver (originally developed by Kempf), which is improved, extended, accelerated and made suitable for efficient computations on ten thousands of processor cores.
The FGM model is extended to account for the effect of stratified mixture and heat losses. The models are validated by LES with the artificial thickened flame model (ATF) of a bluff-body burner investigated at Cambridge/Sandia and a model gas turbine combustor investigated at the DLR Stuttgart, respectively. Radial statistics of the velocity components, temperature and major species mass fractions obtained from simulation and measurement are compared and a good agreement is found. The combustion process is investigated closer with probability density functions (PDFs) and joint probability density functions (JPFs). For the Cambridge/Sandia burner, it is shown that the flame burns in a premixed regime near the burner exit and in a stratified regime further downstream and that the combustion process can be well described by an ensemble of premixed flamelets burning at the local equivalence ratio. For the DLR combustor, it is shown that the flame is exposed to massive heat loss throughout the whole combustor, a newly introduced model for the inclusion of heat loss in the one-dimensional FGM model flames yields comparable results to established models while allowing for a large range of heat losses in the FGM table generation. A further introduced model for a correction factor depending on the local strain rate improves the temperature and species predictions further downstream.
Afterwards, the Cambridge/Sandia burner is simulated with a grid resolution of 100 μm, which is fine enough to resolve all relevant scales directly. The computational domain consists of 1.6 billion cells, requiring 10 million core hours on 64,000 processor cores. The turbulent flame structure is analyzed with PDFs and JPFs, where a conditioning on the distance from the burner and the progress of the reaction is necessary, as the location of the local flame front in the combustion regime diagram depends on these quantities. The analysis is carried out with respect to previous findings from DNS of simpler flame configurations, it is demonstrated that most of the findings are comparable. The turbulent flame thickness is found to be mostly slightly smaller than the laminar one due to predominantly compressive flame normal strain rate. The displacement speed of the turbulent flame front is shown to be mainly determined by the curvature of the progress variable field on the unburned side of the flame and the progress variable gradient on the burned side, partially negative values also occur. The results are filtered at different filter widths and used for a-priori and, together with LES results with corresponding cell sizes, a-posteriori investigation of sub-filter closures for the ATF model. The established sub-filter model by Charlette is used with a static and a dynamic model parameter, together with a newly introduced dynamic power-law model. The static model over predicts the sub-filter wrinkling, whereas both dynamic models are able to predict the sub-filter wrinkling well except for a certain under prediction for the largest filter width. It is found that this under prediction is compensated in the LES by larger local gradients of the progress variable field. The LES results converge against the DNS results with grid refinement for the dynamic models.In dieser Arbeit werden vorgemischte und partiell vorgemischte Verbrennungsprozesse unter adiabaten und nicht-adiabaten Bedingungen mittels hochaufgelöster Large Eddy Simulation(LES) und direkter numerischer Simulation (DNS) untersucht. Die Verbrennungs-Chemie wird mit dem ‘flamelet generated manifolds’ (FGM) Ansatzes modelliert. Die Simulationen werden mit dem ‘PsiPhi’ CFD Löser (ursprüglich von Kempf entwickelten) durchgeführt, der verbessert, erweitert, beschleunigt und für effiziente Berechnungen auf zehntausenden Prozessorkernen anwendbar gemacht wird.
Das FGM Modell wird für partiell vorgemischte und nicht-adiabate Bedingungen erweitert. Die Modelle werden durch LES eines in Cambridge/Sandia untersuchten Staukörper-Brenners sowie eines bei der DLR Stuttgart untersuchten Gasturbinen-Brennkammer-Modells validiert, dabei wird das ‘artificial thickened flame’ (ATF) Modell verwendet. Radiale Statistiken von Geschwindigkeits-Komponenten, Temperatur und Massenbrüche der Haupt-Spezies aus Simulation und Experiment zeigen eine gute Ubereinstimmung. Der Verbrennungs-Prozess wird mittels Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktionen (PDFs) und Verbund-PDFs (JPDFs) genauer untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Flamme beim Cambridge/Sandia Brenner nahe des Brenneraustritts vorgemischt brennt und weiter stromabwärts partiell vorgemischt, was sich durch ein Ensemble kleiner vorgemischter Flammen mit dem lokalen Verbrennungsluftverhältnis gut beschreiben lässt. Beim DLR Brenner ist die Flamme starken Wärmeverlusten ausgesetzt, wobei ein neu eingeführtes Modell f ̈ur die Einbringung von Wärmeverlusten in die eindimensionalen FGM-Modellflammen vergleichbare Ergebnisse mit etablierten Modellen ergibt und dabei einen größeren maximalen Wärmeverlust bei der Tabellenerzeugung erlaubt. Ein ebenfalls neu eingeführter Korrekturfaktor abhängig von der lokalen Verformungsgeschwindigkeit führt zu einer Verbesserung der Temperatur- und Spezies-Vorhersagen weiter stromabwärts.
Im Anschluß wird der Cambridge/Sandia Brenner mit einer Netzauflösung von 100 μm simuliert, welche fein genug ist um alle relevanten Skalen direkt aufzulösen. Das Rechengebiet setzt sich aus 1,6 Milliarden Zellen zusammen, es werden 10 Millionen Rechenstunden auf 64.000 Prozessorkernen benötigt. Die Struktur der turbulenten Flamme wird mittels PDFs und JPDFs analysiert, wobei eine Konditionierung auf den Abstand vom Brenneraustritt sowie den Reaktionsfortschritt erforderlich ist, da die Positionierung der lokalen Flammenfront im Verbrennungs-Regime-Diagramm von diesen Faktoren abhängt. Die Resultate werden mit früheren DNS von einfacheren Flammen-Konfiguration verglichen, es wird gezeigt dass viele der Erkenntnisse vergleichbar sind. Die Dicke der turbulenten Flamme ist etwas geringer als die der laminaren Flamme, der Grund dafür ist eine überwiegende Druckverformung in Flammen-Normalenrichtung. Die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit der turbulenten Flammenfront wird auf der unverbrannten Seite der Flamme durch die Hauptkrümmung des Fortschrittsvariablenfelds bestimmt, auf der verbrannten Seite hingegen durch den Gradienten des Fortschrittsvariablenfelds, dabei treten lokal auch negative Werte auf. Die Ergebnisse werden mit unterschiedlich
großen Filtern gefiltert und für a-priori sowie, in Verbindung mit entsprechenden LES Ergebnissen, a-posteriori Untersuchungen von Schließungsansätzen für das ATF-Modell verwendet. Dabei wird das etablierte Modell von Charlette et al. mit einem statischen und einem dynamischen Modellparameter sowie ein neu eingeführtes dynamische Potenzgesetz verwendet. Das statische Model überschätzt dabei die nicht-aufgelöste Flammenkrümmung, wohingegen beide dynamischen Modelle diese passend vorhersagen, mit Ausnahme einer leicht zu niedrigen Vorhersage für die grösste Filterweite. Es zeigt sich, dass diese zu niedrige Vorhersage in der LES durch größere lokale Gradienten des Fortschrittsvariablenfelds kompensiert wird. Die LES Ergebnisse nähern sich dabei mit feiner werdendem Netz an die DNS Ergebnisse an
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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