1,720,959 research outputs found
Psychological effects of COVID-19 in general Italian population in function of age and gender
No full textBackground: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first recorded in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China. Italy was one of the hardest hit countries and on March 8th 2020 the Italian Government introduced a range of ‘lockdown’ restrictive measures, e.g., isolation and social distancing, intended to slow down the progression of the pandemic. Previous research conducted during this pandemic have demonstrated a wide range of negative psychological effects on both the individuals and the community, but the moderating factors are not yet well known. This study aimed to evaluate if the psychological, emotional and behavioral effects of COVID-19 and related restrictive measures are predicted by age and gender in a sample of Italian citizens. Methods: Following a snowball sampling technique, 300 individuals completed different online questionnaires aimed at measuring anxiety, PTSD and depression symptoms. Results: Results showed that gender predicted anxiety and PTSD symptoms, with women showing higher scores; age predicted PTSD and depressive symptoms with younger participants showing higher scores; gender*age effects predicted anxiety and depression scores. Conclusions: In order to plan preventive intervention in general population during pandemic, great caution must be given to vulnerable groups, such as female and youn
How are sexually abused children interviewed during criminal proceedings in Italy?
No full textThe present study aimed to systematically examine the questioning of children in Italian criminal proceedings. 87 trial transcripts of 4- to 17-year-old children testifying as alleged victims of sexual abuse were analysed focusing on the differences of age with due regard for the type of questions asked and of witnesses’ responses. A total of 20,815 question-response pairs were identified. Results illustrated that age played an important role in the choice of questions asked and in the answers of the witness. In particular, younger children were asked more open-ended questions than older children and, in spite of this, they seemed to be more difficult to interview, because they provided more unresponsive instances, with misunderstandings and attempts to avoid answering questions. These findings have important implications in the way that children are examined in court
Children in Conflictual Separations: Representations of Self and Family through the Blacky Pictures’ Test
No full textThis exploratory study aimed to evaluate the effects of conflictual separation and divorce on children’s representations of self and of family relationships in child custody evaluations. Forty-seven school-aged children, assessed in the course of civil separation procedures characterized by high levels of marital conflict (high conflict group), and a control group (low conflict group, n=47) matched for sex, age, and social level were asked to complete the Blacky Pictures Test. The protocols were analyzed by experts using the double-blind method on the base of an ad hoc grid. Results showed that children involved in high conflictual separations provided a more unstable self-representation and more negative representation of parents, higher emotional dysregulation (anger, guilt, persecutory distress), and inability to stay alone and to tolerate the ambivalence than the low conflict group
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cognitive avoidance, humiliation and narcissism in non-clinical individuals: An experimental study
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