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Perencanaan Pengembangan Wilayah Berbasis Perkebunan Karet Rakyat (Studi Kasus Dua Kecamatan di Kabupaten Cianjur).
No full textThe area of planting rubber plantation in Cianjur is the largest area when compared to private estates or plantations. Smallholder rubber plantation conditions differ from state-owned plantations or large private estates. In general, the productivity of smallholder rubber is still relatively low when compared to the productivity of the state and private plantations. This, among other things, caused most of the rubber plant growers still use planting materials from seed (seedling) without good maintenance, and the high proportion of the area that had old rubber plant, damaged or unproductive. Although the growth of rubber plantation area is still positive, although slow is 1.58% / year, while state and private plantations are equally decreased 0.15% / year. Therefore, the foundation of the development will be more rubber on the plantation.Luas areal tanam perkebunan karet rakyat di Kabupaten Cianjur merupakan areal yang terbesar jika dibandingkan dengan perkebunan swasta atau perkebunan nasional. Kondisi perkebunan karet rakyat berbeda dengan perkebunan milik negara atau perkebunan besar swasta. Secara umum produktivitas karet rakyat masih relatif rendah bila dibandingkan dengan produktivitas perkebunan besar negara maupun swasta. Hal ini, antara lain, disebabkan sebagian besar tanaman karet petani masih menggunakan bahan tanam asal biji (seedling) tanpa pemeliharaan yang baik, dan tingginya proporsi areal tanaman karet yang telah tua, rusak atau tidak produktif. Meskipun pertumbuhan areal perkebunan karet rakyat masih positif walaupun lambat yaitu 1,58%/tahun, sedangkan areal perkebunan negara dan swasta sama-sama menurun 0,15%/tahun. Oleh karena itu, tumpuan pengembangan karet akan lebih banyak pada perkebunan rakyat
Peranan Sektor Industri Pengolahan dalam Perekonomian Kota Bontang : Analisis Input- Output
No full textPembangunan ekonomi dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui proses kenaikan pendapatan total dan pendapatan perkapita. Dalam prosesnya pembangunan ekonomi memperhitungkan adanya pertambahan penduduk dan pemerataan pendapatan bagi penduduk suatu negara. Dengan demikian diperlukan peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang salah satunya dapat dilakukan melalui proses industrialisasi. Industrialisasi merupakan suatu proses perubahan sosial ekonomi yang mengubah sistem pencaharian masyarakat agraris menjadi masyarakat industri. Proses tersebut meliputi interaksi antara perkembangan teknologi, inovasi, spesialisasi, dan perdagangan dunia untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dengan mendorong perubahan struktur ekonomi. Perubahan sektor industri yang pesat beberapa tahun terakhir telah menggeser peranan sektor pertanian dalam struktur perekonomian nasional maupun regional. Kontribusi sektor ini memberikan nilai tambah terbesar di antara sembilan sektor ekonomi lainnya terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) di Indonesia. Hingga tahun 1993 sektor industri mampu menyerap lebih dari 8,5 juta orang tenaga kerja, perkembangan tersebut sejalan dengan meningkatnya permintaan akan produk barang jadi atau setengah jadi baik domestik maupun internasional. Kota Bontang merupakan salah satu kota industri nasional dengan dua perusahaan penggerak perekonomian yaitu PT Badak NGL dan PT Pupuk Kaltim Tbk. Kontribusi ekonomi dari kedua perusahaan tersebut sangat mendominasi perkembangan ekonomi di Kota Bontang. Dalam lima tahun terakhir dominasi sumbangannya rata-rata pertahun mencapai 88,01 persen dari total PDRB Kota Bontang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peranan sektor industri pengolahan dalam perekonomian Kota Bontang. Kemudian menganalisis keterkaitan sektor industri pengolahan dengan sektor-sektor perekonomian lainnya di Kota Bontang, baik bagi penyedia input maupun sektor-sektor yang menggunakan output dari sektor industri pengolahan di Kota Bontang. Menganalisis koefisien penyebaran dan kepekaan penyebaran sektor industri pengolahan di Kota Bontang, serta menganalisis dampak ekonomi yang ditimbulkan oleh sektor industri pengolahan berdasarkan efek pengganda (multiplier) terhadap output dan pendapatan di Kota Bontang. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pada Tabel Input-Output Kota Bontang Tahun 2010 klasifikasi 46 sektor yang diagregasi menjadi 18 dan 9 sektor
JAPANESE DEMAND FOR TOURISM IN INDONESIA: AN ECONOMETRIC MODELING AND FORECASTING
Get PDFThe contribution of Japanese tourists to the total number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia has always been very significant. Tourism authorities as well as tourism related enterprises therefore are normally interested in finding the factors affecting Japanese demand for tourism in Indonesia. This study attempts to analyze factors that influence Japanese demand for tourism in Indonesia by utlizing an econometric modeling. The model that results from this analysis is then used to forecast the number of Japanese tourists visiting Indonesia in 2011- 2015. The most significant factor that affected the Japanese demand for tourism in Indonesia was Japan's GDP
Dari pertanian ke industri : Analisis pembangunan dalam perspektif ekonomi regional
No full textxiv, 226p. : ills. ; 23 c
The effect of investment in agricultural and agricultural manufacturing sectors on income distribution and poverty in the Central Sulawesi Province
No full textCentral Sulawesi Province has abundant natural resources in term of agricultural and agricultural manufacturing sectors, but the people welfare is still low. One factor causing income distribution gap and poverty is the investment allocation policy. The research aims are (1) to analyze the effect of investment in agricultural and agricultural manufacturing sectors on output, value added, income distribution, and poverty, (2) to measure direct and indirect, and total effects of investment in agricultural and agricultural manufacturing sectors on income distribution, (3) to determine priority subsector of each agricultural and agricultural manufacturing sectors, and (4) to determine the most effective policy strategy that can be implemented by the Central Sulawesi government particularly for agricultural and agricultural manufacturing sectors to increase output, value added, to improve income distribution and to reduce poverty. Results showed that in the Central Sulawesi Province was unequal income distribution. Multiplier effect in agricultural manufacturing is higher than for agricultural sector. Structural path analysis in agricultural sector tends to the low income of rural household through labor production input that do not receive wage from nonagricultural sector. Meanwhile, agricultural manufacturing tends to higher income agricultural household through labor that work in agriculture. Simulations showed that 10 percent increase of investment in agricultural, agricultural manufacturing and other sectors can reduce level of poverty for all households. Meanwhile, 10 percent increase of investment, plantation subsector appears to be the highest one in reducing poverty for households.Sektor pertanian dan industri pengolahan hasil pertanian memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam perekonomian terutama bagi negara-negara berkembang. Hal ini dilihat dari peran sektor tersebut terhadap penyedia utama lapangan kerja dan sumber pendapatan sebagian besar masyarakat. Tidak dapat dipungkiri pula bahwa sektor sektor pertanian dan industri pengolahan hasil pertanian menjadi penyangga ekonomi nasional pada saat krisis ekonomi. Salah satu faktor utama yang menyebabkan terjadinya kemiskinan dan ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan adalah kebijakan alokasi investasi yang menimbulkan inkonsistensi dalam perencanaan pembangunan sektoral serta terjadinya ketimpangan pengalokasian anggaran terhadap kinerja pembangunan daerah. Alokasi investasi baik pemerintah daerah maupun swasta cenderung bias ke sektor industri. Padahal investasi merupakan faktor penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan pembangunan daerah karena akan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sektoral di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Dalam teori ekonomi makro Keynes, peningkatan investasi tidak hanya akan meningkatkan permintaan agregat, tetapi juga meningkatkan penawaran agregat melalui pengaruhnya terhadap kapasitas produksi. Kedua peran tersebut menyebabkan investasi mempunyai efek pengganda yang besar dalam perekonomian Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Model Harrold-Domar menjelaskan bahwa dalam jangka panjang, investasi akan meningkatkan penawaran melalui peningkatan stok kapital yang pada gilirannya akan meningkatkan pula kemampuan masyarakat untuk menghasilkan output atau kegiatan-kegiatan produksi. Kegiatan produksi tersebut akan meningkatkan juga penyerapan tenaga kerja. Proses ini pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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