1,720,965 research outputs found
Design with living organisms. Alternative perspectives for regenerative ecologies.
No full textClimate change and natural disasters are causing globally increasing complex issues that require alternative strategies and approaches to design. Addressing the current ecological crisis generates unconventional perspectives that guide research and lead many designers to work in multidisciplinary spaces and collaboration with experts from the biological and natural sciences.
Today we are experiencing the spread of new design practices and approaches such as Biodesign and Regenerative Design, in which, through the integration of biological knowledge into the design process, new research directions and new perspectives are generated for the creation of hybrid artefacts that merge natural and technical systems.
The research initiated in December 2022, conducted at the deMIT 38th cycle PhD, in associated form between the University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” and Iuav University of Venice, aims to critically analyse the intersection of design and biology disciplines. The aim is to investigate how resilient products that respect natural ecosystems and promote ecosystem benefits in urban areas can be developed through the use of living materials.
The research focuses on the development of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and examines how biofabrication processes, mycelium growth on substrates, and the use of algae and plants can be applied to develop regenerative bio-based products. In particular, it investigates the development of responsive products and systems that can adapt to environmental variations and change their properties in response to specific external stimuli.
The research proceeds and plans to proceed following several phases: preliminary analysis, background, study of the state of the art, formulation of the hypothesis, experimentation and observation, and conclusion. The preliminary phase is useful to define the context of intervention, while the background phase focuses on reviewing the existing scientific literature on the topic. To identify the approaches adopted by designers, the collection and analysis of representative case studies will be started.
The research currently envisages defining the scientific framework of Biodesign practices and developing a BioDesign Tool characterised by a multi-level structure. This tool aims to support designers in the use of biofabrication techniques and facilitate the application of living materials for the development of products capable of reacting and adapting to complex situations in changing environments.
The current hypothesis envisages the creation of an open and scalable conceptual system that will make it. Possible to organize and make use of the available information. This is aimed at facilitating designers to recognise the specific characteristics of living materials and to design products capable of contrasting changing environmental conditions.
Following the formulation of the hypotheses, the research involves an experimentation and evaluation phase using workshops and tests.
The main objective is to collect data on the application possibilities of the developed model in the design context to formulate conclusions.
These tools could enable designers to acquire skills in the new approach based on cooperation with natural systems and regeneration, overcoming the traditional approach based on the exploitation of resources
Il design come forma di dialogo tra produzione, carcere e società. Il caso studio Officine27
No full textLa ricerca si propone di identificare nuove strategie che possano contribuire a migliorare specifiche condizioni di criticità dovute alle condizioni di reclusione e, a partire dall’analisi
del progetto Officine27, vuole indagare l’applicazione di metodologie progettuali collaborative nei laboratori produttivi carcerari. L’obiettivo è quello di comprendere come il design possa contribuire al coinvolgimento collettivo, al reinserimento lavorativo dei detenuti e allo sviluppo di nuovi modelli progettuali e produttivi, promuovendo l’inclusione sociale nei contesti detentivi. La ricerca si basa sul confronto con altri casi di imprenditoria carceraria in Italia e si propone di avviare una fase di osservazione per identificare e sperimentare strumenti progettuali che possano contribuire al benessere della comunità detentiva
Design and living organisms. Grow-made processes of biocompatible materials
No full textThe application of Nature Inspired Design Strategies, such as Biomimicry, which considers natural systems as a paradigm for sustainability, is generating exciting results in recent years, and it offers designers alternative perspectives for the generation of hybrid artefacts. Therefore, this contribution aims to investigate how Design plays a central role in the diffusion of alternative and sustainable production models. In particular, focusing on the latest experiments related to the production processes of biocompatible materials that utilize the self-assembly properties of living organisms: the use of algae and bacteria, the cultivation of mycelia on substrates for the production of biomaterials. Furthermore, this contribution aims to investigate how knowledge can be shared for the development of alternative models for the manufacture of biocompatible materials. In detail, the contribution aims to provide an overview of the different approaches taken, to investigate the potential of growing material production methods and to analyze the role that designers play in the development of new materials and processes for sustainable production
Moowe. Un servizio inclusivo per l’orientamento di persone con disabilità visive a Venezia
No full textIl contributo illustra le opportunità che le nuove tecnologie offrono al fine di generare accessibilità
e integrazione sociale nel contesto veneziano, di migliorare gli spostamenti e l’orientamento di persone con esigenze diversificate e di favorire il superamento delle barriere percettive e conoscitive.
L’obiettivo della ricerca è comprendere come le metodologie dell’Inclusive Design possano contribuire allo sviluppo di progetti e alla creazione di prodotti per un’utenza più ampia.
In particolare la ricerca ha lo scopo di migliorare la qualità di vita delle persone con disabilità visive, attraverso lo sviluppo di sistemi, servizi e prodotti basati su tecnologie digitali, assecondando i principi espressi dalle metodologie progettuali inclusive.
Il progetto di ricerca AD4A (Artefact Design 4 All Lab) dell’Università Iuav di Venezia evidenzia la necessità di sviluppare nuovi modelli sostenibili che coinvolgano un pubblico più ampio e che si basino sull’interazione tra individui e sulla creazione di comunità accessibili.
Uno dei risultati è la creazione di Moowe, un servizio inclusivo che permette agli utenti di partecipare attivamente alla creazione di percorsi accessibili e sicuri, contribuendo a migliorare l’esperienza delle persone con esigenze specifiche.----The contribution describes the opportunities offered
by new technologies to generate accessibility and social integration in the Venetian context, to improve
the movement and orientation of people with diverse needs, and to facilitate the removal of perceptual and
cognitive barriers.
The aim of the research is to understand how Inclusive Design methodologies can contribute to the
development of design projects for a wider range of users.
More specifically, the research aims to improve the quality of life of people with visual impairments
through the development of systems, services and products based on digital technologies, following the
principles expressed by Inclusive Design methodologies.
The research project AD4A (Artefact Design 4 All Lab) of the Iuav University of Venice highlights the need to
develop new sustainable models that involve a larger audience and are based on the interaction between
people to create accessible communities.
One of the results is the creation of Moowe, an inclusive service that allows users to actively participate in
the creation of accessible and safe routes, helping to improve the experience of people with special needs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Il design come forma di dialogo tra produzione, carcere e società. Il caso studio Officine27
No full textLa ricerca si propone di identificare nuove strategie che possano contribuire a migliorare specifiche condizioni di criticità dovute alle condizioni di reclusione e, a partire dall’analisi
del progetto Officine27, vuole indagare l’applicazione di metodologie progettuali collaborative nei laboratori produttivi carcerari. L’obiettivo è quello di comprendere come il design possa contribuire al coinvolgimento collettivo, al reinserimento lavorativo dei detenuti e allo sviluppo di nuovi modelli progettuali e produttivi, promuovendo l’inclusione sociale nei contesti detentivi. La ricerca si basa sul confronto con altri casi di imprenditoria carceraria in Italia e si propone di avviare una fase di osservazione per identificare e sperimentare strumenti progettuali che possano contribuire al benessere della comunità detentiva
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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