1,720,969 research outputs found
POTENSI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT YANG DIISOLASI DARI BEKASAM SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITOR PADA FERMENTASI “BEKASAM-LIKE” PRODUCT
Get PDFPotency of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Bekasam as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Producing-Bacteria in Fermentation of “Bekasam-Like” Product
Prima Retno Wikandari, Suparmo, Yustinus Marsono, Endang Sutriswati Rahayu
1Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Gedung C3 Kampus Unesa,Ketintang, Surabaya 60231
2Jurusan Teknologi Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1,Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Bekasam adalah salah satu produk ikan fermentasi tradisional. Produk ini diduga mempunyai aktivitas antihipertensiyang disebabkan oleh aktivitas peptida Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor yang dihasilkan dari degradasiproteolitik selama proses fermentasi bekasam. Bakteri asam laktat diduga berperan dalam degradasi proteolitikmenghasilkan peptida ACE inhibitor pada fermentasi bekasam. Sebanyak 6 strain bakteri asam laktat terpilih yangdiisolasi dari bekasam yaitu Lactobacillus plantarum B1765, L. plantarum T2565, L. plantarum N2352, L. plantarumB1465, Lactobacillus pentosus B2555, Pediococcus pentosaseus B1661 telah dikaji pertumbuhan, jumlah peptidayang terbentuk dari hasil degradasi proteolitik dan presentase penghambatannya terhadap aktivitas ACE selamafermentasi “bekasam-like” product. Semua strain dapat tumbuh dengan baik dan menunjukkan peningkatan jumlahpeptida dan peningkatan aktivitas penghambatan selama proses fermentasi yang bervariasi antar strain. Jumlah peptidatertinggi pada akhir proses fermentasi (8,55 ± 0,05 mg/g) dihasilkan L. plantarum B1765 dan terkecil (4,45±0,10mg/g) dihasilkan oleh P. pentosaceus B1661. L. plantarum B1765 juga menghasilkan aktivitas penghambatantertinggi (68,17±1,32%), diikuti oleh L. plantarum T2565 (62,54±2,11%), L. plantarum N2352 (61,56±1,32%), L.plantarum B1465 (59,85±1,58%), L. pentosus B2555 (56,61±4,28%), aktivitas penghambatan terkecil dihasilkan olehP. pentosaceus B1661 (18,66±3,91%).Kata kunci: Bekasam, fermentasi, bakteri asam laktat, peptida, ACE inhibitor
ABSTRACT
Bekasam, an traditional fermented fi sh is perceived to have antihypertensive activity, which was estimated to bethe activity of ACE inhibitory peptides, the product of proteolytic degradation of fi sh protein during the bekasamfermentation. Lactic acid bacteria was possibly to give a role on proteolytic degradation to produce ACE inhibitorpeptides in bekasam fermentation. Six strains of the selected strains of proteolytic lactid acid bacteria from bekasam,namely Lactobacillus plantarum B1765, L. plantarum T2565, L. plantarum N2352, L. plantarum B1465, Lactobacilluspentosus B2555, and Pediococcus pentosaseus B1661, were assessed for growth characteristics. The amount of peptidesas result of proteolitic degradation, and the inhibitory activities of ACE inhibitor which is released in fermentationof “bekasam-like” product. All selected strains grew well, exhibited proteolytic activity which was showed by theincreasing of peptides. The extent of proteolysis varied among strains and appeared to be time dependant. The highestpeptides (8.55 ± 0.05 mg/g sample) was found on L. plantarum B1765 and the smallest one (4.45±0.10 mg/g sample)on P. pentosaceus B1661. L. plantarum B1765 exhibited the highest ACE inhibitor activity (68.17±1.32%), followe
THE USE OF THE FURFURAL FROM THE SOLID WASTE OF SUGAR INDUSTRY (BAGASSE) TO SYNTHESIZE -(2-FURYL) ACRYLIC ACID AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR THE RAW MATERIAL OF SUNSCREEN COMPOUND
Get PDFThe research of the usefullness of furfural from bagasse for the production of β-(2-furyl)-acrilyc acid as an alternative raw material of sunscreen compound had been done. The research was done on two stages, the first stage was synthesis of furfural from bagasse and the second was synthesis of β-(2-furyl)-acrilyc acid that is an analog of cynnamic acid in which some derivatives are known possess activities as sunscreen. Cynnamic acid could be produced from benzaldehyde by Perkin methods using alkali hydrolysis. With the similarity of the main structure, so β-(2-furyl)-acrilyc acid can also be synthesized from furfural by Perkin method. The β-(2-furyl)-acrilyc acid had been synthesized in this research from furfural isolated from bagasse by NaOH hydrolysis. Synthesis was done by reflux for 2 hr at 140 - 145 oC and 3 hr at 145 - 150 oC. From the spectroscopic data its known that furfural could be produced from bagasse in 11.65 % yield and 33.83% of β-(2-furyl)-acrilyc acid from the synthesis on the second process. The UV -Vis spectrophotometer analysis result of β-(2-furyl)-acrilyc acids showed λmax at 296.20 nm. It showed that until this step the sunscreen compound can be resulted from furfural isolated from bagasse, especially as a sunscreen that protected skin from eritema (λmax at 290 - 320 nm) that is called as sunscreen UV-B.
Keywords: Bagasse, furfural, sunscreen, β-(2- furil) - acrylic acid
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN PRODUK IKAN OLAHAN DI DESA CANDITUNGGAL-KALITENGAH LAMONGAN
No full textDesa Canditunggal, Kalitengah-Lamongan mempunyai potensi sumber daya alam berupa perikanan tambak dan belum ada sentuhan teknologi untuk pembuatan produk ikan olahan. Di sisi lain, potensi sumber daya manusia khususnya ibu-ibu istri petani tambak masih belum produktif. Kedua potensi ini mendorong dilakukannya kegiatan pelatihan pembuatan produk ikan olahan dengan tujuan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada ibu-ibu tentang pembuatan produk ikan olahan. Metode pendekatan dilakukan dengan survey wilayah untuk melihat kondisi riil di lapangan, selanjutnya dilakukan koordinasi dengan ibu Kepala Desa selaku Pembina PKK Kelurahan untuk merencanakan pelaksaan kegiatan, penyiapan modul pelatihan berupa resep cara pembuatan ikan olahan, pelaksanaan pelatihan dalam bentuk kelompok dengan cara praktek langsung dengan pendampingan instruktur dari tim PKM, dan pengisian angket untuk mengetahui respon peserta terhadap pelaksanaan pelatihan. Sesuai dengan jenis ikan yang dibudidayakan, serta kemudahan memperoleh bahan lain dan alat yang dibutuhkan, maka jenis produk ikan olahan yang dilatihkan adalah bakso dan abon ikan bandeng, serta nugget ikan nila. Peserta berhasil dengan baik membuat produk sesuai dengan kharakteristik yang diinginkan. Hasil angket respon peserta menyatakan bahwa mereka baru pertama kali mendapatkan pelatihan produk ikan olahan, dan sangat tertarik dengan kegiatan ini. Mereka berminat untuk mencoba sendiri di rumah, mengajarkan ke ibu-ibu PKK lainnya di sekitar mereka, bahkan berkeinginan untuk membuka usaha kecil.</jats:p
PELATIHAN BUDIDAYA CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus) BAGI PARA TANI DESA SUMBERDUKUN, NGARIBOYO, MAGETAN
No full textTelah dilakukan kegiatan pelatihan budidaya cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubbelus) kepada para tani Desa Sumberdukun, Kecamatan Ngariboyo, Kabupaten Magetan sebagai upaya pengembangan sumber daya daerah. Metode yang digunakan berupa kegiatan pelatihan dengan pemberian materi dan praktek serta pendampingan dan monitoring dari tim pelaksana PKM. Kegiatan pelatihan diamati dengan lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pelatihan, lembar observasi ketrampilan berbudidaya, dan angket respon peserta. Kegiatan PKM diakhiri dengan pemberian bibit cacing tanah sebagai modal untuk memulai berbudidaya. Hasil PKM melaporkan bahwa keterampilan peserta dalam berbudidaya cacing tanah sudah ditunjukkan mulai persiapan media, pembuatan kandang, pembuatan pakan, dan tehnik panen. Seluruh peserta pelatihan tertarik dan menyatakan bahwa pelatihan budidaya cacing tanah ini bermanfaat meskipun ada 20% peserta yang menyatakan pernah mendapatkan pelatihan serupa dan menyatakan jika budidaya cacing tanah tidak mudah dilakukan. Hasil pendampingan dan monitoring menunjukkan bahwa 9 peserta (45%) mengalami perkembangan dalam berbudidaya cacing tanah dan 11 peserta (55%) belum berhasil.</jats:p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
REVIEW ARTIKEL: AKTIVITAS ENZIM AMILASE DARI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT (KARAKTERISTIK DAN APLIKASI): REVIEW ARTICLE: ACTIVITIES ENZYME AMYLASE FROM LACTAT ACID BACTERIA (CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION)
Get PDFAbstrak. Aktivitas enzim adalah kemampuan enzim dalam mengubah sejumlah mol substrat menjadi produk per satuan waktu. Salah satu enzim yang memiliki aktivitas enzim adalah amilase. Amilase adalah enzim ekstraseluler yang mempunyai kemampuan mendegradasi ikatan 1,4-glikosidik pada polimer pati menjadi oligosakarida dengan panjang rantai yang berbeda-beda. Amilase dapat dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme yaitu bakteri asam laktat. Bakteri asam laktat mempunyai kondisi optimum meliputi suhu, pH, substrat dan waktu inkubasi untuk menghasilkan aktivitas enzim amilase secara maksimum. Secara umum bakteri asam laktat menghasilkan aktivitas enzim maksimum pada pH asam, suhu ruang, substrat pati dan waktu inkubasi antara 22 - 40 jam yang terjadi pada fase log dan fase stasioner. Selain itu, amilase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat juga memiliki aktivitas enzim secara maksimumyang terjadi pada kondisi optimum yaitu pada pH 4 - 6 dan suhu 40 - 50oC. Karakteristik amilase yang memiliki kondisi optimum spesifik, membuat amilase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri asam laktat dapat diterapkan pada bidang industri, terutama dalam mendegradasi pati. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, maka review artikel ilmiah ini mengulas tentang (1) kondisi optimum bakteri asam laktat dalam menghasilkan aktivitas enzim amilase secara maksimum (2) karakteristik enzim amilase dari bakteri asam laktat dan (3) Aplikasi enzim amilase dari bakteri asam laktat di bidangindustri.Kata kunci: enzim amilase, bakteri asam laktat, karakteristik enzim amilase dan aplikasi.
Abstract. Enzyme activity is the ability of the enzyme to convert a number of moles of substrate into products per unit time. One of the enzymes that have enzyme activity is amylase. Amylase is an extracellular enzyme that has the ability to degrade 1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch polymers into oligosaccharides with different chain lengths. Amylase can be produced by microorganisms, namely lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria have optimum conditions including temperature, pH, substrate and incubation time to produce maximum amylase enzyme activity. In general, lactic acid bacteria produce maximum enzyme activity at acidic pH, room temperature, starch substrate and incubation time between 22 - 40 hours which occurs in the log phase and the stationary phase. In addition, the amylase produced by lactic acid bacteria also has maximum enzyme activity that occurs at optimum conditions, namely at pH 4-6 and temperatures of 40-50oC. The characteristics of amylase which have specific optimum conditions make the amylase produced by lactic acid bacteria applicable in industrial fields, especially in degrading starch. Based on the description above, the review of this scientific article reviews (1) the optimum conditions of lactic acid bacteria in producing maximum amylase enzyme activity (2) the characteristics of the amylase enzyme from lactic acid bacteria and (3) the application of the amylase enzyme from lactic acid bacteria in the industrial sector.Keywords: enzyme amylase, lactat acid bacteria, characterization enzyme amylase and applicatio
The Role of Yacon Fructooligosaccharides on the Bile Acids Binding and Bile Salt Hydrolase Activities
No full text- …
