1,720,974 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Resistencia a azitromicina en mycoplasma genitalium y neisseria gonorrhoeae en Barcelona
Get PDFLes infeccions de transmissió sexual (ITS) constitueixen un important problema de salut pública. Mycoplasma genitalium és un microorganisme de transmissió sexual amb resistència natural als betalactàmics, per la qual cosa el seu tractament està limitat a poques famílies d'antibiòtics, i els macròlids són considerats de primera línia. Neisseria gonorrhoeae és l'agent causal de la gonorrea. L'Organització Mundial de la Salut en recomana l'estreta vigilància degut a l'emergència de resistència en la majoria d'antibiòtics utilitzats per al tractament. L'azitromicina s'inclou dins del tractament de les ITS però la seva sensibilitat ha disminuït tant a M. genitalium com a N. gonorrhoeae, fet que en limita les opcions terapèutiques. L'emergència de resistència a azitromicina a M. genitalium i a N. gonorrhoeae va motivar la realització d'aquesta tesi doctoral. Els objectius principals van ser 1) determinar la freqüència d'infecció per M. genitalium en una cohort de pacients amb i sense factors de risc per a ITS a l'àrea d'influència de CatLab (Vallés Occidental) i determinar-ne la resistència a azitromicina mitjançant l'anàlisi molecular dels determinants associats, i 2) determinar els clons de N. gonorrhoeae amb resistència a azitromicina circulants a l'àrea d'influència de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona) i els mecanismes de resistència associats. La freqüència d'infecció per M. genitalium va ser 3.4% (IC 95% 3.2-3.7) durant el període d'estudi (2011-2017). La resistència a macròlids va ser del 12.6%. a la cohort prospectiva (2014-2015). De les tres mutacions detectades, A2058G va ser la més prevalent, seguida de A2058T i A2059G. L'associació d'infeccions prèvies per M. genitalium amb la infecció per soques resistents a azitromicina es va considerar significativa (p<0.001). Es van analitzar 201 aïllaments de N. gonorrhoeae de pacients atesos al dispensari d'ITS de l'Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona (2019-2022). La freqüència de resistència a azitromicina va ser de 11% i a ciprofloxací de 66.8%; no es van detectar soques resistents a ceftriaxona. De les soques amb resistència a azitromicina, el clon més prevalent va pertànyer al MLST ST-9363 (NG-MAST ST-3935 i NG-STAR ST-193). La resta de soques aïllats van pertànyer als clons MLST ST-11422 i MLST ST-9362. Els determinants moleculars de resistència a macròlids, quinolones, i betalactàmics es van analitzar a les 15 soques resistents a azitromicina (CMI ≥2 mg/L) aïllades durant el període a estudi i en dues soques sensibles. Els determinants analitzats van ser el gen que codifica el 23S rRNA, la bomba d'expulsió activa MtrRCDE i el seu promotor, les proteïnes ribosomals L4 i L22 (rpID i rpIV, respectivament), el promotor de la bomba MacAB, la porina PorB, els gens que codifiquen les PBP1 i PBP2 (ponA i penA), i els gens gyrA i parC. No es van detectar els gens adquirits mef (A/B), i erm (A/B/C/F), La resistència de baix nivell a azitromicina a les soques estudiades va ser atribuïble a les substitucions aminoacídiques detectades a la proteïna ribosomal L4 i a la sobreexpressió de la bomba d'expulsió activa MtrCDE. Les soques pertanyents als MLST ST-9363 i ST-11422 van presentar les substitucions aminoacídiques associades a resistència a macròlids a la proteïna ribosomal L4 (V125A, A147G i R157Q) i al MtrR (D79N, S183N, M197) i les mutacions ( A-C/G-A) al promotor mtrR. Aquests resultats suggereixen la disseminació clonal de la resistència de baix nivell a azitromicina associada a aquests determinants a la nostra àrea geogràfica.Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) constituyen un importante problema de salud pública. Mycoplasma genitalium es un microorganismo de transmisión sexual con resistencia natural a los betalactámicos, por lo que su tratamiento está limitado a pocas familias de antibióticos, siendo los macrólidos considerados de primera línea. Neisseria gonorrhoeae es el agente causal de la gonorrea. La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda la estrecha vigilancia de esta bacteria debido a la emergencia de resistencia a la mayoría de antibióticos utilizados para su tratamiento. La azitromicina se incluye en el tratamiento de las ITS. La sensibilidad frente a este antibiótico ha disminuido en M. genitalium y en N. gonorrhoeae, hecho que limita las opciones terapéuticas. La emergencia de resistencia a azitromicina en M. genitalium y en N. gonorrhoeae motivó la realización de esta tesis doctoral. Los objetivos principales fueron 1) determinar la frecuencia de infección por M. genitalium en una cohorte de pacientes con y sin factores de riesgo para ITS en el área de influencia de CatLab (Valles Occidental) y determinar la resistencia a azitromicina mediante el análisis molecular de los determinantes asociados, y 2) determinar los clones N. gonorrhoeae con resistencia a azitromicina circulantes en el área de influencia del Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona) y sus mecanismos de resistencia asociados. La frecuencia de infección por M. genitalium fue 3.4 % (IC 95% 3.2-3.7) durante el periodo de estudio (2011-2017). En la cohorte prospectiva (2014-2015) la resistencia a macrólidos fue del 12.6%. De las tres mutaciones detectadas, A2058G fue la más prevalente, seguida de A2058T y A2059G. La asociación de infecciones previas por M. genitalium con la infección por cepas resistentes a azitromicina se consideró significativa (p< 0.001). Se analizaron 201 aislamientos de N. gonorrhoeae de pacientes atendidos en el dispensario de ITS del Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona (2019-2022). La frecuencia de resistencia a azitromicina fue de 11% y a ciprofloxacina de 66.8%; no se detectaron cepas resistentes a ceftriaxona. De las cepas con resistencia a azitromicina, el clon más prevalente perteneció MLST ST-9363 (NG-MAST ST-3935 y NG-STAR ST-193). El resto de cepas aisladas pertenecieron a los clones MLST ST-11422 y MLST ST-9362. Los determinantes moleculares de resistencia a macrólidos, quinolonas, y betalactámicos se analizaron en las 15 cepas resistentes a azitromicina (CMI ≥2 mg/L) aisladas durante el periodo a estudio y en dos cepas sensibles. Los determinantes analizados fueron el gen que codifica el 23S rRNA, la bomba de expulsión activa MtrRCDE y su promotor, las proteínas ribosomales L4 y L22 (rpID y rpIV, respectivamente), el promotor de la bomba MacAB, la porina PorB, los genes que codifican las PBP1 y PBP2 (ponA y penA), y los genes gyrA y parC. No se detectaron los genes adquiridos mef (A/B), y erm (A/B/C/F). La resistencia de bajo nivel a azitromicina en las cepas estudiadas fue atribuible a las sustituciones detectadas en la proteína ribosomal L4 y a la sobreexpresión de la bomba de expulsión activa MtrCDE. Las cepas pertenencientes a los MLST ST-9363 y ST-11422 presentaron las sustituciones aminoacídicas asociadas a resistencia a macrólidos en el determinante rpID (V125A, A147G y R157Q), en el MtrR (D79N, S183N, M197I) y las mutaciones (A-C / G-A) en el promotor mtrR. Estos resultados sugieren la diseminación clonal de la resistencia de bajo nivel a azitromicina asociada a estos determinantes en nuestra área geográfica.Sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem. Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually-transmitted microorganism with natural resistance to beta-lactams, its treatment is limited to a few families of antibiotics and macrolides are the first-line. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of gonorrhea. The World Health Organization recommends its close surveillance due to the emergence of resistance to most of the antibiotics used for treatment. Azithromycin is included in the treatment of STIs. Susceptibility to this antibiotic is decreasing both in M. genitalium and N. gonorrhoeae, a fact that limits therapeutic options. The emergence of resistance to azithromycin in these two bacteria motivated the completion of this doctoral thesis. The main objectives were 1) to determine the frequency of M. genitalium infection in a cohort of patients with and without risk factors for STIs in the influence area of CatLab (Vallés Occidental) and to determine resistance to azithromycin by molecular analysis of the associated determinants, and 2) to determine the N. gonorrhoeae clones with resistance to azithromycin that circulated in the area of influence of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona) and their associated resistance mechanisms. The frequency of M. genitalium infection was 3.4% (95% CI 3.2-3.7) during the study period (2011-2017). Resistance to macrolides was 12.6% in the prospective cohort (2014-2015). A2058G was the most prevalent of the three mutations detected, followed by A2058T and A2059G. The association of previous M. genitalium infections with infection by azithromycin-resistant strains was considered significant (p<0.001). A total of 201 N. gonorrhoeae isolates from patients treated at the STI dispensary of the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona (2019-2022) were analyzed. The frequency of resistance to azithromycin was 11% and to ciprofloxacin 66.8%; ceftriaxone-resistant strains to were not detected. Of the azithromycin-resistant strains, the most prevalent clone belonged to MLST ST-9363 (NG-MAST ST-3935 and NG-STAR ST-193). The remaining strains belonged to MLST ST-11422 and MLST ST-9362. The molecular determinants of resistance to macrolides, quinolones, and beta-lactams were analyzed in the 15 azithromycin-resistant strains (MIC ≥2 mg/L) isolated during the study period and in two susceptible strains. The analyzed determinants were the gene encoding for 23S rRNA, MtrRCDE efflux pump and its promoter, ribosomal proteins L4 and L22 (rpID and rpIV, respectively), the MacAB efflux pump promoter, PorB porin, the genes encoding PBP1 and PBP2 (ponA and penA), and gyrA and parC genes. Acquired mef (A/B) and erm (A/B/C/F) genes were not detected. The low-level resistance to azithromycin in these strains was attributable to the substitutions detected in the L4 ribosomal protein and to overexpression of the MtrCDE efflux pump. Strains belonging to the MLST ST-9363 and ST-11422 presented the amino acid substitutions associated with macrolide resistancein the rpID determinant (V125A, A147G and R157Q), in the MtrR (D79N, S183N, M197I) and the mutations (A-C/G-A) in the mtrR promoter. These results suggest clonal spread of low-level resistance to azithromycin associated with these determinants in our geographic area
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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