769 research outputs found
Differences in profiles of emotional behavioral problems across instruments in verbally fluent versus language impaired children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textThere has been increasing attention to the assessment of minimally verbal (MV) children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous research has begun to examine the relationship between verbal abilities and emotional and behavioral problems (EBP). The current study compared parent-reported EBP in children of differing language levels on two instruments commonly used in ASD research and clinical practice, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). The study consisted of 1,937 6-18 years old children with ASD from the Simons Simplex Collection. Children were divided into three language groups, by ADOS module (Module 1 = MV, 2 = phrase speech (PS), 3 and 4 = verbally fluent (VF)) and then compared on CBCL and ABC subscales. The ABC and CBCL showed different patterns of elevations across the language groups. MV children were reported to have more impairment than VF children on the ABC Irritability, Lethargy and Hyperactivity scales. Children with less language (MV and PS) exhibited less impairment on the CBCL Internalizing domain than VF children, but did not differ on the Externalizing domain. Post hoc comparisons showed that Internalizing differences were driven by fewer children with less language exhibiting clinically elevated Anxious/Depressed scores compared to VF children. The present study underscores the significance of considering language when assessing EBP. Results have implications for the psychiatric screening of children with ASD, particularly those with language impairments. Researchers should exercise caution when applying EBP instruments designed for use with different populations and purposes to broad samples of children.Peer reviewe
Autism spectrum disorder symptoms from 2 to 19: implications for diagnosing adolescents and young adults
No full textThis study explored change in social-communicative symptoms in 140 individuals with childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnoses. Trajectories of caregiver-reported social-communicative symptoms were examined for three groups (verbal, delayed speech, minimally verbal) from ages 2 to 19 years. Groups showed comparable levels of social-communicative impairment at 2 and significant decreases in overall symptom levels across the 17-year period (p<.001). Across three subdomains, main effects of time and language (p<.001) reflected patterns of overall improvement, though children with more impaired language tended to have more caregiver-reported symptoms relative to verbal peers. A significant time-by-language interaction (p<.001) reflected that trajectories of socioemotional reciprocity symptoms differed according to patterns of language development. In contrast, improvements in the nonverbal communication domain were seen across language groups, whereas deficits in the development and maintenance of relationships improved for only verbal children. Verbal adults showed significant reductions in the prevalence of several symptoms exhibited during childhood. Improvements suggest that symptoms indicative of ASD in young children may no longer be diagnostic markers in adolescents and adults. Relative stability of several items suggests that impaired facial expression may be a core ASD symptom that warrants more systematic study across the lifespan. Research investigating the manifestation of ASD in older individuals is needed to foster development of appropriate assessment tools and interventions. Differential relationships to developmental factors within the broader social-communication domain underscores a need to focus on more narrowly defined symptom constructs when exploring links between pathophysiology and observable phenotypes.Peer reviewe
Non-contact estimation of heart rate and oxygen saturation using ambient light
No full text0000-0003-0345-6989WOS: 000347474800009PubMed ID: 25657877We propose a robust method for automated computation of heart rate (HR) from digital color video recordings of the human face. In order to extract photoplethysmographic signals, two orthogonal vectors of RGB color space are used. We used a dual tree complex wavelet transform based denoising algorithm to reduce artifacts (e. g. artificial lighting, movement, etc.). Most of the previous work on skin color based HR estimation performed experiments with healthy volunteers and focused to solve motion artifacts. In addition to healthy volunteers we performed experiments with child patients in pediatric intensive care units. In order to investigate the possible factors that affect the non-contact HR monitoring in a clinical environment, we studied the relation between hemoglobin levels and HR estimation errors. Low hemoglobin causes underestimation of HR. Nevertheless, we conclude that our method can provide acceptable accuracy to estimate mean HR of patients in a clinical environment, where the measurements can be performed remotely. In addition to mean heart rate estimation, we performed experiments to estimate oxygen saturation. We observed strong correlations between our SpO2 estimations and the commercial oximeter readings (C) 2014 Optical Society of AmericaScientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla Sitki Kocman University [13/108]This study was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Mugla Sitki Kocman University, project number 13/108. The author wishes to thank Dr. Alkan Bal for his comments and help in conducting the PICU experiments
Narrant menjar, fent-nos urbans: Glub i l’estètica d’allò quotidià
No full textEste ensayo ofrece algunas reflexiones sobre el aspecto estético de la ciudad de hoy en día, erigida sobre residuos, e incluso sobre basura. Retoma un primer acercamiento al tema, desarrollado en 2004, a través de un documental sobre el paisaje urbano berlinés bajo la influencia de la migración. La autora se detiene en la textura de la ciudad basada no tanto en las innovaciones tecnológicas que continúan usando energías fósiles, sino en los restos, en la “suciedad” de las costumbres que los migrantes traen consigo desde sus hogares. En particular, se interesa en la costumbre de comer semillas en espacios públicos, elaborando a partir de aquí una mirada a la cultura urbana “desde abajo” y que permite visibilizar otros tejidos sociales.This essay reflects upon the esthetic appearance of today’s city, built on waste, and even garbage. It takes up and elaborates a previous approach to this subject in 2004, through a documentary on urban landscape, specifically, Berlin’s, under the influence of migration. The author focuses on the texture of the city based not so much on the technological innovations that continue to spend fossil energies, as on the remainders, the “filth” linked to the customs migrants carry from their homes. Mieke Bal is interested, in particular, in the custom of eating seeds in public spaces, from which she develops a look on urban culture “from below”, making visible other social textures.Aquest assaig ofereix algunes reflexions sobre l’aspecte estètic de la ciutat d’avui dia, fundada sobre residus i, fins i tot, escombraries. Reprèn un primer acostament al tema, desenvolupat el 2004, a través d’un documental sobre el paisatge urbà berlinès sota la influència de la migració. L’autora es centra en la textura de la ciutat basada no tant en les innovacions tecnològiques que continuen utilitzant energies fòssils, sinó en les deixalles, en la “brutícia” dels costums que els immigrants porten amb ells des de la seva llar. En particular, s’interessa en el costum de menjar llavors en espais públics, elaborant a partir d’aquí una mirada a la cultura urbana “des de sota” i que permet donar visibilitat a altres teixits socials
Predictors of longer-term development of expressive language in two independent longitudinal cohorts of language-delayed preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textBackground: Studies estimate that 30% of individuals with autism are minimally verbal. Understanding what factors predict longer-term expressive development in children with language delays is critical to inform identification and treatment of those at-risk for persistent language impairments. The present study examined predictors of expressive language development in language-delayed preschoolers followed through later school-age and young adulthood.
Methods: Children using single words or less on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) at approximately 3 years old were drawn from the Early Diagnosis (EDX) and Pathways in ASD longitudinal cohorts. Age-3 predictors of Age-19 ADOS language level were identified using Classification and Regression Trees (CART) in the EDX sample. Linear mixed models examined the effects of CART-identified predictors on Vineland expressive communication (VExp) trajectories from Age-3 to Age-19. The same linear mixed models were examined in the Pathways sample, identifying predictors of VExp from ages 3 to 10.5 years.
Results: Significantly delayed fine motor skills (T-score < 20) was the strongest CART predictor of Age-19 language. In the linear mixed models, time, Age-3 fine motor skills and initiation of joint attention (IJA) predicted VExp trajectories in the EDX sample, even when controlling for Age-3 visual receptive abilities. In the Pathways sample, time and Age-3 fine motor skills were significant predictors of VExp trajectories; IJA and cognitive skills were not significant predictors.
Conclusions: Marked deficits in fine motor skills may be a salient proxy marker for identifying language-delayed children with ASD who are at risk for persistent language impairments. This finding adds to the literature demonstrating a relation between motor and language development in ASD. Investigating individual skill areas (e.g., fine motor and nonverbal problem-solving skills), rather than broader indices of developmental level (e.g., nonverbal IQ) may provide important cues to understanding longer-term language outcomes that can be targeted in early intervention.Peer reviewe
Rozszczelnianie pola językowej uznawalności : o mobilności kulturowej dramatu ukraińskiego w Polsce po 24 lutego 2022
No full textArtykuł jest próbą włączenia refleksji na temat mobilności kulturowej dramatu i teatru ukraińskiego w Polsce po 24 lutego 2022 w obręb badań nad wielojęzycznością i wieloetnicznością teatru w kontekście współczesnych ruchów migracyjnych. W centrum zainteresowania znajdują się strategie przedstawieniowe ukraińskich dramatów prezentowanych w Polsce w szczególnych okolicznościach wywołanych pełnowymiarową napaścią Rosji na Ukrainę. Autorka analizuje wybrane czytania performatywne dramatów tłumaczonych na język polski oraz projekty teatralne ukraińskich artystów realizowane w Polsce, by zbadać różne architektury międzykulturowego spotkania w ramach działań artystycznych i wzmacniania podmiotowości przybyszów z Ukrainy, między innymi poprzez równouprawnienie ich języka. Za najistotniejszy element architektury międzykulturowego spotkania uznaje różne strategie rozszczelniania pola językowej uznawalności, które sytuuje omawiane na polskim gruncie zjawiska w obrębie szerszych badań nad performatywnością języka i jego cielesną materialnością oraz performowania uchodźctwa.This article undertakes to inscribe considerations on the cultural mobility of Ukrainian drama and theater in Poland after 24th February 2022 into research on theater multilingualism and multiethnicity in the context of contemporary migration. It focuses on the peformative strategies of Ukrainian dramatic texts presented in Poland under the extraordinary circumstances resulting from Russia’s full-scale attack on Ukraine. The author analyzes selected performative readings of dramas translated into Polish, as well as theater projects carried out in Poland by Ukrainian artists, in order to explore the various architectures of intercultural encounter involved in artistic activities and enhancement of the agency of Ukrainian incomers, also through the empowerment of their language. As the most important element of the architecture of intercultural encounter she identifies various strategies of cracking the field of linguistic recognition, which situates phenomena discussed in the Polish context within the broader framework of research on the performativity of language and its corporeal materiality, as well as the performance of refugeeism
On star Rothberger spaces modulo an ideal
No full text[EN] In this article, we introduce the ideal star-Rothberger property by coupling the notion of a star operator to that of an ideal Rothberger space, after which some of its topological characteristics are analysed. By creating relationships between a numbers of topological features with structures similar to the ideal star-Rothberger space, we reinforce the concept. In order to illustrate the differences between a number of related topological properties, we also provide several counter examples. Certain preservation-related properties under subspaces and functions are investigated. Lastly we find a way to express ideal star-Rothberger space by means of families of closed sets by bringing some modifications to the SSI^I property. Sarkar, S.; Bal, P.; Datta, M. (2024). On star Rothberger spaces modulo an ideal. Applied General Topology. 25(2):407-414. https://doi.org/10.4995/agt.2024.20464OJS40741425
Framing Madame B: Quotation and Indistinction in Mieke Bal and Michelle Williams Gamaker’s Video Installation
No full textThe article engages with the video installation Madame B by Mieke Bal and Michelle Williams Gamaker. The work was premiered in the city of Łódź in Poland (between 6 Dec. 2013 and 9 Feb. 2014). The author makes use of the exhibition brochure by two artists published by the Museum of Modern Art, and the recording of a seminar held by Bal and Williams Gamaker after launching their work. The article focuses on the innovative audiovisual interpretation of Flaubert’s famous novel. Basing the argument on the concept of framing created by Bal, the author applies it to Bal and Williams Gamaker’s exhibition by relating it to the history and culture of the Polish location where it was first shown. Above all, however, the article discusses the importance of quotation and indistinction in Madame B, where the artists quote from (among others): Louise Bourgeois, Maya Deren, Artemisia Gentileschi, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, William Kentridge and Sol LeWitt
A Corpus-based Investigation of Metadiscourse in Academic Book Reviews
No full textAbstractAcademic book reviews published in academic journals are expected to provide readers with both positive and negative evaluation of the book under review. This academic genre has recently been the focus of increasing number of studies due to its evaluative and interactional nature. The present cross-cultural study aimed to explore how interpersonal metadiscourse was used in Turkish and English book reviews. The corpus used in this study consisted of 150 published book reviews from different disciplines in English and Turkish. In order to understand how writers engaged in their reviews and interacted with their readers, Hyland's (2000) metadiscourse model was used to identify interpersonal markers in book reviews. With a focus of five common features from this model, hedges, emphatics (boosters), attitude markers, relational markers, and person markers were used as categories to be investigated. Relying on a quantitative data analysis followed by qualitative analysis, it was found that the total number of interpersonal metadiscourse features was considerably higher in the English corpus than in the Turkish corpus. Two languages showed variations particularly in the use of hedging devices which help writers to tone down their statements. Particularly learners in academic contexts can gain awareness of how various academic genres are realized in different cultures based on the findings
Bolero, bebop i „bal nad bale” czyli taneczne metafory w wybranych tekstach piosenek Agnieszki Osieckiej
No full textThe article is an analysis of selected lyrics from Agnieszka Osiecka’s songs based on the theme of dance as a metaphor. The author of Sopockie bolero, To nasze sopockie bolero and Niech żyje bal uses dance as a lyrical situation which allows the author to analyze the lyrical I’s intensified emotions. Osiecka also uses the possibilities provided by the song form — rhythmicity, repetitions, the closeness of the language of the song to the language of choreography.The article is an analysis of selected lyrics from Agnieszka Osiecka’s songs based on the theme of dance as a metaphor. The author of Sopockie bolero, To nasze sopockie bolero and Niech żyje bal uses dance as a lyrical situation which allows the author to analyze the lyrical I’s intensified emotions. Osiecka also uses the possibilities provided by the song form — rhythmicity, repetitions, the closeness of the language of the song to the language of choreography
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