25 research outputs found
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik, Korelasi, dan Klasterisasi 20 Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)
No full text<p>Estimation of Genetic Parameters, Correlation, and Clusterization of Twenty Genotypes of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.). This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station with altitude about 450 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and B type of climate, beginning from May 2008 until December 2009. It was aimed to analyze the genetic parameter, correlation, and clusterization of twenty genotypes of physic nut. Randomized complete block design with twenty genotypes of physic nut as treatment and three replications was used in this study. Variable observed were vegetative, generative, and yield characters, and the data observed were analyzed by anova, correlation, factor analyses, and cluster analyses. Results showed that : (1) the genetic variability of number of inflorescence/tree, number of bunchs/branch, number of bunch/tree, number of fruit harvested/tree, and weight of one fruit were narrow. Heritability and genetic advanced of these characters were rather high until high. Selection of these characters can be effective; (2) genotypic and phenotypic correlation of number of inflorescense/tree, number of bunch/branch, and number of bunch/tree were positive significant on number of fruit harvested. Phenotypically, plant height were positive correlated and number of primary branch/tree was negative correlated on number of fruits harvested; and (3) clusterizaton results six clusters. Rescaled distance between cluster I, II, and IV were rather near, whereas between cluster III, V, and VI were rather far as well as if compared to cluser I, II, and IV.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian dilakukan di KP Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Desember 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis parameter genetik, korelasi, dan klasterisasi 20 genotipe jarak pagar. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 20 genotipe sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, dan hasil. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis ragam, analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, dan analisis klaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah infloresen/pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, jumlah tandan buah/pohon, jumlah buah panen/ pohon, dan bobot satu butir buah memiliki variabilitas genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik yang cukup tinggi sampai tinggi. Seleksi terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut akan efektif. (2) Karakter jumlah infloresen/ pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, dan jumlah tandan buah/ pohon berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah panen, baik secara genotipik maupun fenotipik. Secara fenotipik, tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dan jumlah cabang primer/pohon berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah panen. (3) Klasterisasi menghasilkan enam klaster. Antara klaster I, II, dan IV mempunyai jarak yang agak dekat, sedangkan antara klaster III, V, dan VI agak jauh, demikian juga antara klaster I, II, dan IV.</p></jats:p
Kompatibilitas Lima Klon Unggul Kakao Sebagai Batang Atas dengan Batang Bawah Progeni Half-Sib Klon Sulawesi 01
No full text<em>Grafting is the most common cocoa propagation technique applied by farmers. One of the factors that determine the grafting success in cacao is the compatibility level between the scion and rootstock. The objectives of this research was to evaluate the grafting compatibility of half-sib family of Sulawesi 01 clone as rootstock with five superior cacao clones i.e. Sulawesi 01, Sulawesi 02, Sca 6, MCC 01, and MCC 02 as scions. The research was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, West Java, at the altitude of 450 m above sea level with Latosol type of soil and B type of climate (Schmidt &amp; Fergusson), from April to September 2015. This research used the randomized completely block design with five treatments of grafting combinations and five replications. Observation was taken at 14<sup>th</sup>, 21<sup>st</sup>, and 28<sup>th</sup> days after grafting on the total percentage of surviving graftings, percentage of sprouting grafting, percentage of grafting that have not sprouted, and bud sprouting rates. Data were analyzed by variance, correlation, and regression analysis. The results showed that the surviving grafting, the sprouting grafting and the rate of sprouting up to the 28<sup>th</sup> days after grafting varied among the scions. Based on the parameters observed, Sulawesi 01, Sulawesi 2, and Sca 6 demonstrated higher compatibility rate compared to </em><em>MCC 01</em> and <em>MCC 02</em>. <em>The results is applicable in seedling provision through grafting techniques in order to support cacao rejuvenation and or rehabilitation.</em></jats:p
Karakter 2 Populasi Tanaman Kemiri Sunan Produksi Tinggi di Garut dan 2 Populasi di Majalengka Sebagai Penghasil BBN
Full text linkKemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Show) merupakan tumbuhan tropis yang berkembang pada daerahdengan suhu udara berkisar antara 18-20ºC. Tanaman ini dapat hidup di dataran rendah sampai ketinggian di atas 1.000 mdpl. Biji dari tanaman kemiri sunan mengandung minyak yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar nabati (BBN). Potensi tanaman kemiri sunan sebagai penghasil BBN cukup besar dilihat dari produktivitas bijinyayang dapat mencapai 12 ton/ha/tahun, dan rendemen minyaknya mencapai 50% yang dapat diproses menjadi biodiesel. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa tanaman kemiri sunan banyak terdapat di daerah Jawa Barat.Populasi Cileuweng merupakan populasi tanaman kemiri sunan yang banyak terdapat dua daerah yaitu Neglasari, dan Limbangan Garut. Tanaman kemiri sunan dapat tumbuh dengan baik di jenis tanah Litosol dengan pH 6,58 agak asam dan pH KCl 5,00, curah hujan tahunan 2.589 mm/th dengan bulan basah sebanyak 8 bulan dan 4 bulan kerig. Produktivitas tanaman kemiri sunan populasi Cileuweng sebesar 125,21 kg/pohon biji kering per pohon mampu menghasilkan rendemen minyak kasar 49,44%, dan rendemen biodiesel 86,42% dengan bilangan asam 4,28. Populasi Gempol, Galih Pakuwon Limbangan Garut dapat tumbuh pada jenis tanah sama dengan daerah populasi Cileuweng yaitu Litosol. Produktivitas tanaman kemiri sunan populasi Gempol sebesar 112,94 kg/pohon biji kering per pohon, mampu menghasilkan rendemen minyak kasar 50,91%, dan rendemen biodiesel 88,49% dengan bilangan asam 3,2. Sedang populasi Majalengka dengan bulan kering 3 bulan mempunyai produktivitas lebih rendah dan bilangan asam lebih tinggi
Pemanfaatan Lahan Diantara Tanaman Jambu Mete Muda Di Lahan Marginal
Full text linkThe use of space among young cashew trees in marginal lands. Cashew trees are mostly planted in monoculture way, so it would be not efficient in using the space of lands. As the crops widely planted and increase of their canopy with its ages, there is avail able space that might be used for growing crops, particulary those do not need full intensity of the sun. This enable many annual crops such as corn, peanuts, upland rice that may be grown among the trees. The use of annual crops should take into account their tolency to the sun intensity. The cashew trees having root system which develop laterally need certain technology that might be develepod. Some intercrops that might be suitable be grown among them are corn, peanut, and upland rice. Previous results revealed that growing annual crops like corn yielded of 4.5 ton/ha, peanut of 975 k g/ha, and combination of the both of 3981 kg/ha and 308 kg/ha, while those of situbagendit upland rice yielded of 2.9 ton. The results showed that growing the intercrops among the cashew tress may give reasonable income for farmers as alternatively solution in optimizing of the space of lands between cashew rees
Tingkat Kesukaan Konsumen Terhadap Kopi Campuran Robusta Dengan Arabika
No full text(Level Of Consumers Preferences On Coffee Blend Of Robusta And Arabica)
ABSTRACT. Coffee is the third most consumption beverage after water and tea. The popularity of coffee as beverage makes coffee consumption becomes a habit in rural and urban communities. Arabica and robusta coffee is the most widely sell in the market. Both have distinctive characteristics, arabica has an excellent taste and high selling prices, whereas robusta has high productivity and affordable by the consument. Improving the quality and price of coffee, this study conducted robusta and arabica coffee blending and acceptance tested using the 32 respondents who are semi-skilled respondents. Hedonic test is done to see consumer acceptance of blended coffee between robusta and arabica with a ratio of 3: 1, 2: 1, 1: 1 and robusta as control. The parameters observed were color, aroma, flavor, acidity, body, after taste and overall, using a Likert scale. Respondents consisted of 59.4% men and 40.6% women, with the age range 16 times a week, where the most respondents consume coffee instant. The result of hedonic test of four types of coffee served, male preferred blended coffee 3: 1 specially color, aroma and flavor. However female also prefer blended coffee 3: 1 with dominant variable color and aroma. The correlation between age and the variables especially taste and after-taste for the older male respondents increasingly like the taste of coffee served, and in contrary with the women
Buletin Agronomi Vol.26 No.1, Th. 1998
No full textThree types of coconut hybrid, namely Salak Dwarf (SKD) x Tenga Tall(TAT), Salak Dwarf x Sawarna Tall (SAT), and Salak Dwarf x Markumvalley Tall (MVT) were studied in Kotabumi, North Lampung, from July 1994 to March 1995 on Red Yellow Podzolid soil. This trial was conducted to determine the percentage of germination and speed of germination based on hybrid type, seed weight, and mulching. Split-split plot design consisted of three factors with three replications was used for this trial. Thejrst factor as main plot was three levels of hybrid SKD x TAT, SKD x SAT, and SKD x MV1: The second.factor as subplot was three levels of seed weight less 500 g, 501 -800 g, and more than 801 g. The third factor as sub-sub plot consisting of four levels of mulching 0, 30, 60, and 100 percent. The results showed that SKD x SAT germinated faster than SKD x MVT and SKD x TAT. The germination percentage of SKD x MVT was higher compared to SKD x TAT, but similar to SKD x MVi? The germination speed was not aflected by seed weight, where the germinating percentage was nuts less than 501 g germinated better than those more than 501 g. Treatment of mulching not significant by influence growth rate of germination but signiJicantly influence the percentage of seednut germination thirty percent of mulching gave the best percentage of seednut germination. RINGKASAN Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh tipe hibrid, bobot benih, dan penutupan mulsa terhadap kecepatan dan daya berkecambah dari tiga tipe kelapa hybrid telah dilakukan pada tanah Podsolik Merah Kuning di Kotabumi, Lampung Utara, dari bulan Juli 1994 sampai Maret 1995. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan split-split pot yang terdiri atas tiga faktor dengan ulangan tiga kali. Faktor utarna yang ditempatkan sebagai petak utama adalah tiga taraf tipe hybrid yaitu GSK x DTA, GSK x DSA, dan GSK x DMV. Faktor kedua yang ditempatkan sebagai anak petak meliputi tiga taraf bobot b e d per butir, yaitu I 500,501 -800, dan 1 801 gram. Faktor ketiga yang ditempatkan sebagai sub anak petak terdiri atas empat taraf penutupan mulsa, yaitu 0, 30,60, dan 100 persen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe hybrid GSK x DSA lebih cepat berkecambah dibanding GSK x DMV dan GSK x DTA, sedang tipe GSK x DTA dan GSK x DMV menunjukkan kecepatan berkecambah yang sama. Dalam ha1 daya berkecambah benih, tipe hybrid GSK x DMV merniliki potensi berkecambah lebih baik dibanding GSK x DTA, tetapi sama dengan GSK x DSA. Kecepatan berkecambah benih tidak dipengaruhi oleh bobot benih, sedangkan daya berkecambah benih dipengaruhi oleh bobot benih. Bobot benih kurang dari 500 gram lebih sedikit berkecambah di-banding bobot benih lebih dari 501 gram. Penutupan mulsa tidak berpengaruh terhadap kecepatan ber-kecambah benih, tetapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya berkecambah benih. Penutupan mulsa 30 persen ternyata menghasilkan daya berkecambah benih yang terbaik. -- - I) Masing-masing staf peneliti pada Loka Penelitian Polatanam Kelapa Pakuwo
PENGARUH TIPE HIBRID, BOBOT BENIH, DAN PENUTUPAN MULSA TERHADAP KECEPATAN DAN PERSENTASE DAYA BERKECAMBAH TIGA TIPE KELAPA HIBRID
Full text linkThree types of coconut hybrid, namely Salak Dwarf (SKD) x Tenga Tall (TAT), Salak Dwarf x Sawarna Tall (SAT), and Salak Dwarf x Markamvalley Tall (MVT) were studied in Kotabumi, North Lampung, from July 1994 to March 1995 on Red Yellow Podzolid soil. This trial was conducted to determine the percentage of germination and speed of germination based on hybrid type, seed weight, and mulching. Split-split plot design consisted of three factors with three replications was used for this trial. The first factor as main plot was three levels of hybrid SKD x TAT, SKD x SAT, and SKD x MVT. The second factor as sub plot was three levels of seed weight less 500 g, 501-800 g, and more than 801 g. The third factor as sub-subplot consisting of four levels of mulching 0, 30, 60, and 100 percent. The results showed that SKD x SAT germinated faster than SKD x MVT and SKD x TAT. The germination percentage of SKD x MVT was higher compared to SKD x TAT, but similar to SKD x MVT The germination speed was not affected by seed weight, where the germinating percentage was nuts less than 501 g germinated better than those more than 501 g. Treatment of mulching not significant by influence growth rate of germination but significantly influence the percentage of seednut germination thirty percent of mulching gave the best percentage of seed nut germination
Pengaruh Mikroba Pelarut Fosfat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Serapan Hara P Benih Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.)
Full text linkMudah diserap oleh perakaran tanaman sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pemupukan anorganik, namun demikian pengaruhnya terhadap benih kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) belum banyak diketahui. Oleh karena itu, telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh mikroba pelarut fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan dan serapan hara P benih kakao. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Sukabumi mulai Januari sampai Desember 2012. Perlakuan yang dicoba yaitu A) subsoil (kontrol), B) subsoil + NPK, C) subsoil + pukan (1:1), D) subsoil + zeolit (0,5 kg/10 kg), E) subsoil + pukan + zeolit, F) subsoil + MPF, G) subsoil + NPK + MPF, H) subsoil + pukan + NPK + MPF, I) subsoil + zeolit + NPK + MPF, dan J) subsoil + pukan + zeolit + NPK + MPF. MPF diisolasi dari tanah perakaran kakao rakyat di Kabupaten Kolaka, Sulawesi Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi MPF yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian pupuk NPK mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan bobot biomassa benih kakao sampai umur 12 minggu setelah perlakuan. Perlakuan MPF + NPK menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, bobot biomassa, dan serapan P tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Isolat MPF yang dikombinasikan dengan pemberian NPK mampu meningkatkan serapan hara P oleh benih kakao sampai 3,07 kali.Kata Kunci: Theobroma cacao L., benih, mikroba pelarut fosfat, MPF, pertumbuhan, serapan hara PPhosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) has been known capable of dissolving unavailable phosphates in the soil to the form that easily absorbed by crops so that increases crop growth and inorganic fertilizer efficiency, however in cacao it has not been known. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of phosphate solubilizing microbes to the growth and P nutrient uptake by cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Greenhouse of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi from January to December 2012. Treatments were arranged as follows: A) Subsoil (control), B) Subsoil + NPK, C) Subsoil + organic matter (1:1), D) Subsoil + zeolite (0.5 kg/10 kg), E) Subsoil + organic matter + zeolites, F) Subsoil + PSM, G) Subsoil + NPK + PSM, H) Subsoil + organic matter + NPK + PSM, I) Subsoil + zeolite + NPK + PSM, dan J) Subsoil + organic matter + zeolite + NPK + PSM. The results showed that PSM combined with NPK enhanced plant height and weight of the biomass of cacao seedling until 12 weeks after treatment (WAT). The treatment of PSM+NPK resulted in the highest plant height, biomass, and P nutrient uptake compared with others. PSM combined with NPK fertilizer are able to increase threefold P nutrient uptake by cacao seedling
Pendugaan Parameter Genetik, Korelasi, dan Klasterisasi 20 Genotipe Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.)
Full text linkPenelitian dilakukan di KP Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, pada ketinggian tempat sekitar 450 m dpl, jenis tanah Latosol dan tipe iklim B, pada bulan Mei 2008 sampai Desember 2009. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis parameter genetik, korelasi, dan klasterisasi 20 genotipe jarak pagar. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok lengkap dengan 20 genotipe sebagai perlakuan yang diulang tiga kali. Peubah yang diukur meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif, dan hasil. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis ragam, analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, dan analisis klaster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah infloresen/pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, jumlah tandan buah/pohon, jumlah buah panen/ pohon, dan bobot satu butir buah memiliki variabilitas genetik yang luas dengan nilai heritabilitas dan kemajuan genetik yang cukup tinggi sampai tinggi. Seleksi terhadap karakter-karakter tersebut akan efektif. (2) Karakter jumlah infloresen/ pohon, jumlah tandan buah/cabang, dan jumlah tandan buah/ pohon berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah panen, baik secara genotipik maupun fenotipik. Secara fenotipik, tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dan jumlah cabang primer/pohon berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah panen. (3) Klasterisasi menghasilkan enam klaster. Antara klaster I, II, dan IV mempunyai jarak yang agak dekat, sedangkan antara klaster III, V, dan VI agak jauh, demikian juga antara klaster I, II, dan IV
SUBSTITUSI LEMAK KAKAO DENGAN MINYAK DARI INTI KELAPA SAWIT DAN KELAPA TERHIDROGENASI UNTUK PRODUK COKELAT SUSU / Substitution of Cocoa Butter with Hydrogenated Oil From Palm Kernel and Coconut for Milk Chocolate Product
Full text linkMany studies have been conducted to obtain equivalens, substitutent and replacers of cocoa butter, but limited application was observed for their application in milk chocolate. Research carried out in the Bioindustry Laboratory of Balittri, from January to December 2015. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the hydrogenated oil addition from palm kernel (MIKS-H) and coconut (MK-H) as substituents of cocoa butter (LKo) on milk chocolate product. Cocoa was processed for milk chocolate by adding various cocoa butter substitutens including 100% LKo (A); LKo - MIKS-H 70:30 (B) and 50:50 (C), respectively; LKo - MK-H 70:30 (D) and 50:50 (E), respectively; and LKo – MIKS-H – MK-H 33:33:33 (F). Several properties of products such as melting point, texture, colors, volatil organic compound, and organoleptic test were measured. As results, a mixture of LKo and MK-H 50:50 yielded a milk chocolate with lower melting temperature, 32 – 33oC. Whereas, MIKS-H 50% added in the mixture harder 16.25 times than LKo 100%. Total volatile compounds in milk chocolate was 25- 30. Organoleptic test with overall parameter indicates that panelists preferred milk chocolate formula E. In general, MIKS-H and MK-H were able to be used as a substitute of LKo.Keywords: Cocoa butter, fat substitution, milk chocolate AbstrakPenelitian tentang substitusi lem ak kakao telah banyak dilakukan, namun aplikasinya pada cokelat susu serta pengaruhnya terhadap mutu dan kesukaan konsumen belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan minyak terhidrogenasi dari inti kelapa sawit (MIKS-H) dan kelapa (MK-H) sebagai substitusi lemak kakao (LKo) untuk produk cokelat susu. Kakao diolah menjadi produk cokelat susu dengan penambahan substituen lemak kakao yang beragam. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Bioindustri Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri) dimulai bulan Januari sampai Desember 2015. Perlakuan meliputi 100% LKo (A); LKo - MIKS-H dengan rasio 70:30 (B) dan 50:50 (C); LKo - MK-H dengan rasio 70:30 (D) dan 50:50 (E); serta LKo – MIKS-H – MK-H dengan rasio 33:33:33 (F). Parameter yang diuji adalah titik leleh, tekstur, warna, profil senyawa volatil dan uji kesukaan. Penambahan LKo dan MK-H dengan rasio 50:50 menghasilkan cokelat susu dengan kisaran titik leleh yang lebih rendah yaitu 32-33oC. Sementara, penambahan MIKS-H 50% dapat meningkatkan kekerasan cokelat sampai 16,25 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan penggunaan 100% LKo. Kisaran jumlah senyawa volatil produk cokelat susu dari enam formula adalah 25–30. Hasil uji organoleptik parameter overall (keseluruhan) menunjukkan bahwa panelis menyukai cokelat susu formula E. Secara umum MIKS-H dan MK-H dapat digunakan sebagai substituen lemak kakao. Kata kunci: Lemak kakao, substitusi lemak kakao, cokelat sus
