1,362,163 research outputs found
Los cálculos del producto nacional en los siglos XIX y XX y su utilización en la historia económica
No full textEditada en la Universidad Carlos IIIDespués de señalar las dificultades que entraña calcular series temporales largas de
agregados económicos, se indican las principales estimaciones que se han hecho retrospectivamente
de la renta nacional de España durante los siglos XIX y XX, señalando deficiencias
y discrepancias. Se analiza en detalle una obra del profesor Prados de la Escosura y se insiste, a la luz de trabajos más recientes sobre la renta nacional de la España
contemporánea, en la necesidad de contrastar datos, métodos y resultados de toda
cuantifícación histórica para poder así aquilatar su validez última.After pointing out the problems involving the making of historic time series of economic
aggregates, the main estimates of Spanish national income are described, indicating shortcomings and disparities. Prof. Prados de la Escosura's work is thoroughly analyzed. Taking into account two more recent works on national income in contemporary Spain, the author stresses the need both to contrast data, methods and findings in any attempt to quantify the past, and to establish checks on the validity of these data.Publicad
Introduction
No full textThe costs and benefits of European Imperialism from the conquest of Ceuta, 1415, to the Treaty of Lusaka, 1974.Twelfth International Economic History Congress. Madrid, 1998.Patrick K. O'Brien and Leandro Prados de la Escosura (eds.)Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaPatrick K. O'Brien and Leandro Prados de la Escosura. The Costs and Benefits for Europeans from their Empires Overseas.Publicad
A unifying and rigorous Shape-from-Shading method adapted to realistic data and applications
No full textWe propose a new method for the Lambertian Shape From Shading (SFS) problem based on the notion of Crandall-Lions viscosity solution. This method has the advantage of requiring the knowledge of the solution (the surface to be reconstructed) only on some part of the boundary and/or of the singular set (the set of the points at maximal intensity). Moreover it unifies in an unique mathematical formulation the works of Rouy et al. [34, 50], Falcone et al. [21], Prados et al. [46, 48, 49], based on the notion of viscosity solutions and the work of Dupuis and Oliensis [17] dealing with classical solutions and value functions. Also, it allows to generalize their results to the "perspective SFS" problem recently simultaneously introduced in [13,46,55]. While the theoretical part has been developed in [44], in this paper we give some stability results and we describe numerical schemes for the SFS based on this method. We construct provably convergent and robust algorithms. Finally, we apply our SFS method to real images and we suggest some real-life applications
Lattice models for granular and active matter fluctuating hydrodynamics
No full textThis thesis investigates the common nature of granular and active systems, which is rooted in their intrinsic out-of-equilibrium behavior, with the aim of finding minimal models able to reproduce and predict the complex collective behavior observed in experiments and simulations. Granular and active matter are among the most studied systems in out-of-equilibrium statistical physics.
The thesis guides readers through the derivation of a fluctuating hydrodynamic description of granular and active matter by means of controlled and transparent mathematical assumptions made on a lattice model. It also shows how a macroscopic description can be provided from microscopic requirements, leading to the prediction of collective states such as cooling, swarming, clustering and the transitions among them. The analytical and numerical results shed new light on the physical connection between the local, microscopic properties of few particles and the macroscopic collective motion of the whole system
Factura, 1911 en. 19, Madrid, de Hijos de Antonio Prados al Sr. D. Mauricio Rubio
No full textFactura membretada en negro y manuscrita en tinta negraAlcance y contenido: Versa sobre el coste total de suministro de material. La cantidad, precios y coste total son indicadosEn la parte superior, aparecen impresos el nombre y la dirección del establecimiento: "Hijos de Antonio Prados / Calle de las Peñuelas, 19"Escritos a mano, se indica la persona destinataria sin domicilio alguno: "Sr. D. Mauricio Rubio"Recibí firmado y rubricado por Hijos de PradosMembrete impreso en negro, formado por los datos del establecimiento con tipografía variada y en distintas líneas. La publicidad a la izquierda indica especialidad y productos. Sobresale la decoración con floritura del nombre comercial en el que se resaltan las letras inicialesPapel en crema con raya
Unifying Approaches and Removing Unrealistic Assumptions in Shape from Shading: Mathematics Can Help
No full textInternational audienceThis article proposes a solution of the Lambertian Shape From Shading (SFS) problem by designing a new mathematical framework based on the notion of viscosity solutions. The power of our approach is twofolds: 1) it defines a notion of weak solutions (in the viscosity sense) which does not necessarily require boundary data. Note that, in the previous Shape from Shading work of Rouy et al. [rouy-tourin:92,lions-rouy-etal:93], Falcone et al. [falcone-sagona-etal:01], Prados et al. [prados-faugeras-etal:02,prados-faugeras:03], the characterization of a viscosity solution and its computation require the knowledge of its values on the boundary of the image. This was quite unrealistic because in practice such values are not known. 2) it unifies the work of Rouy et al. [rouy-tourin:92,lions-rouy-etal:93], Falcone et al. [falcone-sagona-etal:01], Prados et al. [prados-faugeras-etal:02,prados-faugeras:03], based on the notion of viscosity solutions and the work of Dupuis and Oliensis [dupuis-oliensis:94] dealing with classical solutions. Also, we generalize their work to the ``perspective Shape from Shading'' problem recently introduced by Prados and Faugeras [prados-faugeras:03]. Moreover this article introduces a ``generic'' formulation of the Shape from Shading problem. This ``generic'' formulation summarizes various (classical) formulations of the Lambertian Shape from Shading problem. In particular it unifies the orthographic and the perspective Shape from Shading problems. This ``generic'' formulation significantly simplifies the formalism of the problem. Thanks to this generic formulation, a single algorithm can be used to compute numerical solutions of all these previous Shape from Shading formulations. Finally we propose two algorithms which provide numerical approximations of the new weak solutions of the ``generic Shape from Shading'' problem. These provably convergent algorithms are quite robust and do not necessarily require boundary data
Com funciona l’ACME
No full textPresentació a càrrec de Ferran Prados, del Grup de Recerca Projecte ACME (Avaluació Continuada i Millora de l'Ensenyament)2047.mp4
recerca04-02-prados.mp
Stages for the More Sustainable Farm
No full textCurrently, agricultural farm units are faced with a double and most times contradictory challenge, in order to be successful: on the one hand the invested capital has to be profitable and the economic performance has to be maximised. On the other hand, given the socio-environmental situation, it is necessary to preserve and to protect the environment and natural resources. Given the potential conflict of the two aims, since the satisfaction of one implies the underperformance of the other (and vice versa), the question then is: which is the solution to choose? We intend, in this work, to formulate a farm plan with the purpose of reconciling the criteria of environmental sustainability with that of economic competitiveness. For this achievement we proceed to the comparative study of sustainability of different groups of farms identified in the study area (first evaluation cycle) through MESMIS (“Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Mediante Indicadores de Sustentabilidad” - Framework for Evaluation of Natural-Resource Systems Handling through Sustainability Indicators) methodology, that allowed to select the more sustainable group of farms. Based on the found potentialities and weakness on these production systems, we stepped to the planning of a production unit of bovine meat, which obeys simultaneously to economic and environmental objectives, using Multicriteria Decision. We finished the work with the sustainability evaluation between groups of farms identified previously and the planned farms (second evaluation cycle), based, again, in the MESMIS methodology, to confirm (or not) the greatest sustainability of the last ones. Analyses of the results allow us to confirm the greatest relative sustainability of the planned farm, for the diverse traced scenarios.Decision taking, planning, sustainability, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management,
Alfredo Cruz Prados’ criticism of the human rights doctrine
No full textThe human rights doctrine and in particular the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is undoubtedly an important step towards the search for an adequate formula, which would protect man and his rights. This statement points out that despite the efforts, which have been made in the last 70 years, this formula has not been effective. Many authors mentioned that and they were critical towards that idea, presenting many contradictions and problems related to that issue. Alfredo Cruz Prados is one of them. The objective of this article is to present the criticism of human rights by Alfredo Cruz Prados. Its perspective is a classical political philosophy. Thanks to this approach the author seems not to be entangled in modern philosophical terminology and its significance. It allows his criticisms to obtain certain
freshness and novelty in relation to other proposals which criticize the human right ideas in philosophical literature. Alfredo Cruz Prados suggests we should reconsider the formula, in which we express the truth about human dignity and greatness, and we should again base it on the foundation of the classical political
philosophy. For this author this project does not concern only the human rights doctrine, but it is a wider vision of the political philosophy renewal
Composición botánica y producción de prados permanentes de montaña
No full textSe ha estudiado la producción de 110 prados permanentes de siega de la parte septentrional de la provincia de León, tanto en su conjunto como por grupos según su irrigación y fertilización. Se describen, en primer lugar, las especies encontradas asi como las frecuencias relativas en cada grupo de prados considerados, estableciendo la participación de las especies en la materia seca de los henos recogidos, observándose que de 22 a 26 especies acumulan del 81 al 93 % de la misma. Mediante la técnica de regresión paso a paso, se han seleccionado las variables que más se relacionan con la producción en los diferentes grupos de prados, apreciándose que entre 5 y 12 especies explican el 70-83 % de la variabilidad de la producción, siendo en todo momento la regresión altamente significativa (P < 0,001
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