1,720,971 research outputs found
Particulate matter (TSP and PM10) data samples collected during Brazilian truckers’ strike (2018) in the cities of Limeira (SP) and Campinas (SP)
No full textThis dataset contains particulate matter (TSP and PM10) data samples collected during Brazilian truckers’ strike (2018) in the cities of Limeira (SP, Brazil) and Campinas (SP, Brazil).
The data was obtained from both manual and automatic monitoring stations in Limeira, and from an automatic station in Campinas.
The raw data from the automatic stations are available in the QUALAR database: https://cetesb.sp.gov.br/ar/qualar/.
The manual station is located at the School of Technology of the University of Campinas (22°33’43’’S; 47°25’23’’W). The samples were collected by a Hi-Vol sampler, with a constant flow of 1.13 m3min−1, in glass-fiber filters, to obtain the concentration of PM10 in May 2018
Receptor model to identify emission sources of particulate matter in cities from the Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
No full textThis dataset contains data samples of particulate matter and metallic elements concentrations derived from three secondary studies, carried out in different locations during the years 2013 to 2019, in five cities located in the South of Brazil: Campo Bom (ALVES et al., 2016), Canoas (ALVES et al.,2016; ALVES et al.,2020), São Leopoldo (ALVES et al.,2016; ALVES et al.,2020), Gramado and Canela (PLETSCH (2019). Those studies realized the particulate matter sampling and their metallic quantification through chemical analysis. We performed the identification of polluting sources using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model (US-EPA, 2021). The spreadsheet presents a tab with the raw data for each study, collection sites and date, particle size, PM concentration (µg/m³), and quantification of metallic elements (ng/m³). Another tab presents the MDL (method detection limits) values for the replacement of data below the MDL value by zero to perform the PMF simulation. Another tab contains the data uncertainties values, determined by PMF modeling. The PMF results can be made available upon request to the responsible researcher
Replication Data for: Impact on the health of older adults exposed to PM10 and PM2.5 emitted in a metropolis with high sugarcane and ethanol production: scenario evaluation and tropospheric O3 monitoring
No full textThis dataset includes information on particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and O3 concentrations (CETESB, 2024, GMAO, 2015), as well as population and morbidity and mortality data for elderly residents (≥60 years) in Ribeirão Preto (SP) (Brazilian Ministry of Health, 2024). Concentrations of PM10 (2010-2013 and 2017-2019) and PM2.5 (2017-2019) were obtained from the Qualar platform and through calculations based on the components of NASA's MERRA-2 (GMAO, 2015). These calculations, we used the equations of Bali et al. (2021), Buchard et al. (2016) and NASA (2023). O3 concentrations (2018-2019) were obtained exclusively from the Qualar platform. The PM2.5/O3 ratio was calculated from these data, and a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) was performed in Ribeirão Preto.
Bali, K.; Dey, S.; Ganguly, D. Diurnal Patterns in Ambient PM2.5 Exposure over India Using MERRA-2 Reanalysis Data. Atmos. Environ. 2021, 248 (1), 118180. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2020.118180.
Buchard, V.; da Silva, A. M.; Randles, C. A.; Colarco, P.; Ferrare, R.; Hair, J.; Hostetler, C.; Tackett, J.; Winker, D. Evaluation of the Surface PM2.5 in Version 1 of the NASA MERRA Aerosol Reanalysis over the United States. Atmos. Environ. 2016, 125, 100–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2015.11.004.
Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB). Qualidade do ar. Qualar. 2024. https://cetesb.sp.gov.br/ar/qualar/ (accessed 2024-02-11).
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO). MERRA-2 tavg1_2d_aer_Nx: 2d,1-Hourly, Time-averaged, Single-Level, Assimilation, Aerosol Diagnostics V5.12.4, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), 2015. https://doi.org/10.5067/KLICLTZ8EM9D.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Nasa). Global Modeling and Assimilation Office – Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2: MERRA-2 FAQ, 2023. https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/reanalysis/MERRA-2/FAQ/. (accessed 2023-11-11)
Samples of particulate matter and meteorological variables collected during different seasons (2018-2019) in five Brazilian cities
No full textThis dataset contains data samples of particulate matter concentration collected during four seasons between 2018 and 2019, in five Brazilian cities: three located in the South of the country (Camboriú, Florianópolis and Novo Hamburgo), one in the Southeast (Limeira), and one in the Midwest (Catalão).
All samplings were made with High Volume Samplers (HiVol). For PM10 and PM2.5, the HiVols (Energetica®) had a constant flow of 1.13 m³/min, while for TSP the flow varied between 1.1 and 1.7 m³/min.
PM10 was sampled in all the cities, while TSP was sampled in Catalão and Limeira and PM2.5 was collected only in Catalão. The meteorological data presented in this dataset are the average temperature (°C), pressure (mmHg), relative humidity (%), (wind speed (km;h), and rainfall (mm).
The manual stations are located at these coordinates: (i) Federal Institute Catarinense (Camboriú, 27°0'51.372”S; 48°39'53.924”W); (ii) Federal University of Catalão (Catalão, 18°09'17.3"S; 47°55'38.7"W); (iii) Federal University of Santa Catarina (Florianópolis, 27°36'0.0”S; 48°31'12.0”W); (iv) School of Technology of the University of Campinas (Limeira, 22°33’43’’S; 47°25’23’’W); and (v) Feevale University (Novo Hamburgo, 29°40'12.4"S; 51°07'15.7"W)
Evaluation of the toxicity of atmospheric particulate matter using the Zebrafish bioassay
No full textThis dataset contains data samples of particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) concentrations derived from studies carried out in Limeira - SP, Brazil (22�� 33 '43 "S e 47° 25' 20"W) between November 2022 and January 2023. This study sampled PM using High Volume air samplers. Instruments collected Total Suspended Particulate matter (TSP) and particles smaller than 10 µm (PM10) through pre-weighed filters for 24 hours. We also performed identification of PAHs designated as High Priority Pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) by gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The spreadsheets present tabs with the raw data with mass (g), particle size, date and weather conditions: temperature (ºC), rain (mm), wind (km/h). There are data corresponding to the Zebrafish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test (ZFET) like survival rate, hatching and pictures of the tested organisms with the extracted PAH. In addition, another spreadsheet contains the peak areas for each PAH found in the PTS, PM10 and blank filters. Analysis conditions can be available upon request to the responsible researcher
Identificação das fontes de poluição atmosférica na cidade de São Carlos-SP.
No full textThe quality of the atmospheric air is of great importance for the health of the population. Among the quantifiable aspects of the air quality, one can find the particulate matter (PM) concentration in the atmosphere, whose fine (PM10) and ultra-fine (PM2.5) fractions have been extensively studied, as these particle size
fractions are particularly damaging for the human health. The main objective of this work was the identification of emission sources of breathable particulate matter, as well as the quantification of their relative participation in the formation of the air pollution in São Carlos/SP, with the use of the reception model. The experiments used the dichotomous sampler for the collection of the particulate matter. Samples were taken in the receptor site, at the city center, in one year period. Also, the emission profiles of local sources (soil, vehicular emission, road dust re-suspension, sugar cane burning and vegetable burning) were measured. The mass concentration was obtained by weighing the sample filters before and after collection. The filter were then submitted to XRF analysis, and 14 chemical elements were quantified (Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb). Moreover, carbon detection was carried out by the DIC (dissolved inorganic
carbon) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) techniques. These values were fed to the EPA s CMB8 computer pack that calculates the relative contributions of the sources in the reception site. The results show the seasonal dependence of the sources in São Carlos, with the important presence of the vehicular emissions in the whole year. For the fine fraction, the contribution of the sugar cane burning was significant, in the dry season. In the ultra-fine fraction, an appreciable amount of secondary sulfur was found. The comparison between the source contributions calculated from the results of these work with those calculated utilizing data from the EPA´s SPECIATE library revealed very different profiles, confirming the importance of utilizing local sources in the modeling.Universidade Federal de Sao CarlosA qualidade do ar respirável é um fator de grande importância na saúde de uma população. Dentre os aspectos analisáveis dessa qualidade, encontra-se a
quantidade de material particulado (MP) presente na atmosfera, cuja fração fina (MP10) e a superfina (MP2.5) são o foco de amplos estudos, por serem inaláveis no trato respiratório humano. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é a identificação de
fontes emissoras de material particulado respirável, bem como a quantificação de suas participações relativas na formação da poluição na cidade de São Carlos/SP, com o uso do modelo receptor. Os experimentos utilizaram o equipamento
dicotômico para a coleta do material particulado. Foram realizados monitoramentos do sítio receptor, localizado no centro da cidade de São Carlos,
pelo período de um ano. Também foram determinados os perfis de emissão de fontes locais (solo, emissão veicular, ressuspensão, queimada de cana de açúcar e queimada de vegetação). A concentração mássica foi obtida por gravimetria
pesando-se os filtros antes e após a amostragem. Os filtros foram submetidos à análise de elementos traços por XRF, sendo quantificada a presença de 14 elementos químicos (Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb). Além disso, foi efetuada a determinação de carbono, por DIC (Carbono Inorgânico Dissolvido) e DOC (Carbono Orgânico Dissolvido). Os resultados foram cruzados
através do programa CMB8 e apontam para uma dependência sazonal das fontes emissoras, onde se destacam as fontes relativas ao solo e à emissão veicular. No caso da fração fina, a contribuição da queimada de cana de açúcar é significativa,
no período seco. Na fração superfina observou-se a presença muito representativa de enxofre secundário. A comparação da distribuição de fontes entre aquela obtida com resultados desse trabalho com aquela obtida exclusivamente do SPECIATE
revelou mudanças significativas no perfil obtido, confirmando a importância da utilização de perfis de fontes obtidas localmente
Time characteristics of the atmospheric particulate matter concentration in the city of São Carlos - SP
No full textThe city of São Carlos, of medium size of São Paulo State, can be considered as representative of the Brazilian Southeast area, with agricultural activities practically equivalent to the industrial ones. As part of that profile, it possesses a series of sources of atmospheric pollution that include a considerable fleet of vehicles, agricultural burns and
several industrial emissions. The time evolution of this environmental pollution has been reason of concern, once it can cause damages to the human health and to the environment. The present work studied these time characteristics, specifically for the case of particulate matter (PM) suspended in the atmosphere, from experimental data and through statistical models. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 in the city of São Carlos were collected and analyzed. The period of study comprises the years from 1997 to 2006 for PM10 and from 2001 to 2006 for PM2,5 and PM10-2,5. Monthly averages were used for obtaining the models and the 30 (thirty) or 6 (six) final data were used for the validation of the forecast. The selection of the best model was made considering the smallest value of AIC (Akaike
Information Criterion), through the successive variation of the parameters. Of the 10 models with smaller value of AIC, was chosen the one of smaller value and other with a smaller number of parameters. In the statistical analysis, the models that did not comply with the requirements of the Shapiro-Wilk tests (normality) and of steadiness were eliminated. In the
three cases the model SARIMA represented the groups of studied data better, when compared with the Holt-Winters correlation. The model found for the series of data of PM10, was the SARIMA(1,0,0)×(1,0,1)6. In the second case, the concentration of PM2.5 the best model was the SARIMA(2,1,3)×(1,0,1)6. In the third case, the concentration of PM10-2.5, the best model was the SARIMA(2,0,2)×(1,0,0)6.Universidade Federal de Sao CarlosA cidade de São Carlos, uma cidade de porte médio do estado de São Paulo, pode ser considerada como representativa da região sudeste brasileira, com atividades agrícolas praticamente equivalente às atividades industriais. Dentro desse perfil, possui uma série de fontes de poluição atmosférica, que incluem uma frota considerável de veículos automotores, queimadas agrícolas e emissões industriais diversas. A evolução temporal desta poluição ambiental tem sido motivo de preocupação, uma vez que pode causar danos à saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. O presente trabalho estudou estas características temporais, especificamente para o caso de material particulado (MP) em suspensão na atmosfera, a partir de dados experimentais e através de modelos estatísticos. Foram coletadas e analisadas as concentrações de MP10, MP2,5 e MP10-2,5 na cidade de São Carlos. O período de estudos compreende os dados de 1997 a 2006 para o MP10 e de 2001 a 2006 para MP2,5 e MP10-2,5.
Foram usadas médias mensais para a obtenção dos modelos e os 30 (trinta) ou 6 (seis) dados finais foram usados para a validação da previsão. A seleção do melhor modelo foi feita
buscando o menor valor de AIC (Critério de Informação de Akaike), por meio da variação sucessiva dos parâmetros. Dos 10 modelos com menor valor de AIC, foram escolhidos o de
menor valor e outros com um menor número de parâmetros. Na análise estatística, ocorreu a eliminação de modelos que não atenderam aos requisitos de testes de Shapiro-Wilk
(normalidade) e de estacionariedade. Nos três casos, a comparação com Holt-Winters confirma que os modelos SARIMA representaram melhor os conjuntos de dados estudados. O modelo encontrado para a série de dados de MP10 foi o SARIMA(1,0,0)×(1,0,1)6. No segundo caso, a concentração de MP2,5 o melhor modelo encontrado foi o SARIMA(2,1,3)×(1,0,1)6. No terceiro caso, a concentração de MP10-2,5, o modelo encontrado foi o SARIMA(2,0,2)×(1,0,0)6
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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