1,720,963 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
POISON! An Africana Legal Studies Investigation into Enslaved Africans and Their Deadly Roots
Full text linkThis article is a murder investigation.
And a strange one, as the victims might be the suspects, and the suspects might be the victims. Or, even stranger, who we are calling the victims might be the enforcers of an entirely different justice system we did not initially see.
This is a cold case: we are investigating African people enslaved in the Province of Maryland during the eighteenth century. It is really a collection of cases—all cases of poisoning. These enslaved Africans were poisoning their enslavers. The incidents are described in legal records and newspapers. But what do these poisonings really mean? It is our job in this moment to take a closer look.
According to the colonial legal system, the subjects of our investigation, the African poisoners, were criminals. But that legal characterization of the poisoners is not the only characterization. We are tasked with reexamining these cases, this time with some key methodological insights in our investigative toolbox, insights from disciplinary Africana Studies.
In one paradigm, we could think of the poisoners as murderers. And we could argue that they were using self-defense. Or, in another paradigm, we could conclude that, by poisoning, these Africans were addressing wrongdoing according to their own indigenous governance systems. By applying Africana Legal Theory, this investigation demonstrates the shift in orientation that reveals those African governance systems at work. In centering the perspectives of the Africans who used their deadly roots to poison the enslavers, our characterization of the “murderers” necessarily changes. They are criminals in one system and agents of justice in another
James Oakes\u27s Treatment of the First Confiscation Act in Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865
Full text linkIn his work, Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865, James Oakes provides an overview of several Civil War era legal instruments regarding enslavement in the United States. One of the statutes he examines is An Act to Confiscate Property Used for Insurrectionary Purposes, passed by the Thirty Seventh Congress in August, 1861. This law, popularly known as the First Confiscation Act (FCA), is one of the several Confiscation Acts that contributed to the weakening of legal enslavement during the War. Fortunately, scholars have contextualized and deemphasized President Lincoln\u27s role as the Great Emancipator by examining the works of Congress during the War and by shifting focus to the actions of the enslaved, as they emancipated themselves by fleeing Confederate states. However, many scholars tend to mirror their treatment of Lincoln in the Confiscation Acts by either spreading historical false- hood or twisting the congressional narrative with hyperbole. Some historians overstate the intent and legal effect of the Confiscation Acts, and in Freedom National, Oakes is one of those historians.
The purpose of this Essay is to examine Oakes\u27s treatment of the First Confiscation Act through a review of congressional sources. After looking at the congressional debates and other evidence from the War, scholars must hold Lincoln and Civil War historians accountable for their statements; statements that can be misleading and damaging to desired historical accuracy. We are all attempting to uncover the truth about this oft-mentioned era of American history. In our highly racialized society, where the history of enslavement in the United States remains deeply significant, close scrutiny of the historical narrative is necessary. It is for these reasons, that I respectfully offer this critique of Oakes\u27s narrative surrounding the FCA
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James Oakes\u27s Treatment of the First Confiscation Act in Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865
No full textIn his work, Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865, James Oakes provides an overview of several Civil War era legal instruments regarding enslavement in the United States. One of the statutes he examines is An Act to Confiscate Property Used for Insurrectionary Purposes, passed by the Thirty Seventh Congress in August, 1861. This law, popularly known as the First Confiscation Act (FCA), is one of the several Confiscation Acts that contributed to the weakening of legal enslavement during the War. Fortunately, scholars have contextualized and deemphasized President Lincoln\u27s role as the Great Emancipator by examining the works of Congress during the War and by shifting focus to the actions of the enslaved, as they emancipated themselves by fleeing Confederate states. However, many scholars tend to mirror their treatment of Lincoln in the Confiscation Acts by either spreading historical false- hood or twisting the congressional narrative with hyperbole. Some historians overstate the intent and legal effect of the Confiscation Acts, and in Freedom National, Oakes is one of those historians.
The purpose of this Essay is to examine Oakes\u27s treatment of the First Confiscation Act through a review of congressional sources. After looking at the congressional debates and other evidence from the War, scholars must hold Lincoln and Civil War historians accountable for their statements; statements that can be misleading and damaging to desired historical accuracy. We are all attempting to uncover the truth about this oft-mentioned era of American history. In our highly racialized society, where the history of enslavement in the United States remains deeply significant, close scrutiny of the historical narrative is necessary. It is for these reasons, that I respectfully offer this critique of Oakes\u27s narrative surrounding the FCA
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