1,720,977 research outputs found
What Factors Constitute Structures of Clustering Creative Industries? Incorporating New Institutional Economics and New Economic Sociology into A Conceptual Framework
Full text linkCreative industries tend to cluster in specific places and the reasons for this phenomenon can be a multiplicity of elements linked mainly to culture, creativity, innovation and local development. In the international literature, it is pretty well recognized that creativity is frequently characterized by the agglomeration of firms so that creative industries are not homogeneously distributed across the territory but they are concentrated in the space. Three theories are becoming the dominant theoretical perspectives in agglomeration economies theory and they are increasingly being applied in industrial clusters analysis to study the effect of clustering industries. The theories are Marshall’s theoretical principles of localization economies, Schmitz’s collective efficiency and Porter’s five-diamond approach. However, those have adequately theorized neither the institutionalization process through which change takes place nor the socio-economic context of the institutional formations of clustering creative industries. This text begins by reviewing three main theories to more fully articulate institutionalization processes of an economic institution. Specifically, this paper incorporates new institutional economics (NIE) and new economic sociology (NES) to explain the processes associated with creating institutional practices within clustering creative industries. Both streams of institutional theory constitute that economic organizations are socially constructed. Next, this text proposes the framework that depicts the socio-economic context better and more directly addresses the dynamics of enacting, embedding and changing organizational features and processes within clustering creative industries. Some pertinent definitions are offered to be used in a conceptual framework of research about how economic institutions like clustering creative industries constitute their structures
The Implementation of The Property Right System On The Water Resource Management debate and Ptractical Choice
No full textA discussion about natural resource management and property right has long been carried out among scholars. Thousand years ago, resources were accessible for all. Under these circumstances, the establishment of property right for using the resources was not necessary as there was no dispute among humans on claiming a right to use resources. However, nowadays, the way of life of hunting and gathering could not be maintained anymore. Otherwise, natural environment would degrade much more under which human being could no longer sustain his life. Given to that context, the paper attempts to discuss, firstly, whether the property right system is a solution for sustaining the ecosystem end, secondly. how to make the system effective for managing nattily\u27 resources. Since the complexity of the mailer cannot be fully assessed in all these respects at once, the study will focus on water resources.
The study concludes that the common property right system is a right choice to overcome the dispute among people regarding the use offresh water. The main reasons are the externality that happens when the people\u27s activity has an external effect to the increased-pollution offresh water, and non-divisibility and non-tradability of water. Nevertheless, the establishment of common property right system alone is insufficient since the problems of the provision offresh water include controlling the discharge of industrial pollution in waterways that involves many parties. in dealing with the problems, a restricted COI11111011 property right regime is needed. In other words, the role of the state in regrikition-making is required
Will Continued Economic Growth Bring Ever Greater Harm To The Earth\u27s Environment?: A Theoretical Framework And Empirical Evidence
No full textABSTRAK
Pertumbuhan ekonomi telah lama menjadi orientasi dorninan dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan di hampir seluruh negara di bumi raya Mi. Namun demikian, orang tidak dapat mengingkari bahwa kian hari, kian lama, udara yang mereka hirup semakin Zak segar, suhu bumi makin tak menentu, dan makin berkurang kekayaan sumber daya slam sebagai sarana produksi. Kesadaran ini akhirnya melahirkan kepedulian akan pembangunan yang memperhatikan lingkungan hidup sekitar. Seiring dengan peningkatan kepedulian orang akan kualitas lingkungan hidup, para ekonom mulai merancang dan merumuskan konsep, teori maupun model, yang menjelaskan hubungan antara kualitas lingkungan hidup dan pembangunan ekonomi.
Tulisan ini menjelaskan dampak pembangunan ekonomi terhadap kualitas lingkungan hidup. Hipotesis Kuznets mengatakan bahwa pada pada awal upaya pertumbuhan ekonomi, kualitas lingkungan hidup akan menurun tetapi lambat laun akan meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan aktivitas ekonomi. Persoalannya adakah dukungan empiric atas hipotesis tersebut? Selain memaparkan tentang perdebatan teori di kalangan ekonom mengenai keterkaitan antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kualitas lingkungan hidup, tulisan ini menampilkan pula studi-studi empiris di beberapa negara yang menguji hipotesis Kuznet tersebut.
Keywords: Kuznets Curve, Pollutants, Economic growth, Environmental quality
Marxist vs Liberal: Who Is the True Guardian of Freedom?
Full text linkLiberalisme dan marxisme adalah dua paham yang mewarnai perialanan pemikiran-pemikiran dunia. Seiring dengan dinamika p emikiran dunia, dua paham ini berkembang menjadi suatu ideologi yang menjadi dasar keyakinan umat manusia dalam menggariskan segala sikap, kebijakan, dan pemikiran. Kerap kali diskursus tentang arah kebijakan dan strategi suatu negara akhirnya rdilarikan\u27 pada perdebatan dua teori besar ini (grand narratives discourse).
Dalam mengatur, merumuskan, dan menganalisis konsep kepenmilikan, posisi negara, pilihan kebijakan ekottonti, dan hak kewajiban warga negara, konsep kebebasan menjadi dasar tolakan dua pahant dunia ini. Segala rumusan, aturan, dan analisis dua paham besar tersebut dapat kita kembalikan pada bagaimana paham-paham tersebut menggariskan kebebasan seorang manusia.
Kemudian, yang berkembang sekarang adalah, seiring dengan dominasi liberalisme dalam kehidupan manusia, liberalisme dipahami dan diyakini sebagai paham maupun ideologi yang sangat mengagungkan terciptanya kebebasan dalant kehidupan an tar manusia. Menjadi keyakinan umum bahwa liberalisme merupakan ideologi yang membebaskan manusia. Konsep pasar bebas dan kep emilikan pribadi merupakan simbol pemikiran dari liberalisme sebagai "the true guardian of freedom". Sebaliknya, marxisme, lebih populer dengan teorinya tentang perluasan clan "penzusatan kekuasaan negara". Teori yang kerapkali dijadikan dasar argumentasi bahwa marxisme membuang jauh syarat perlunya rasa dan kehidupan yang bebas seorang manusia. Hal inilah yang menjadi salah satu alasan pokok yang dapat menjelaskan mengapa marxisme tidak menjadi ideologi pilihan dunia.
Pertanyaannya kemudian, benarkah persyaratan kebebasan dalant kehidupan manusia luput dari rumusan, aturan, dan pandangan dalant marxisme? Apakah marxisme memang menempatkan manusia dalam posisi yang terkurung? Apakah konsep kebebasan yang digariskan marxisme malahan membatasii kebebasan manusia itu sendiri?
Tulisan ini tidak dimaksudkan menjadi pledoi bagi marxisme meskipun tulisan ini berangkat dari kritik terhadap pemikiran yang skeptis tentang konsep kebebasan tersebut. Dengan membandingkan konsep kebebasan dalam marxisme dan liberalisme, tulisan ini mencoba menjawab kesangsian yang selama ini berkembang tentang keberpihakan marxisme dalam kebebasan manusia. Analisis akan berkembang ke dalam paparan teori-teori tentang negara, pasar, dan kepemilikan, semata-mata untuk menunjukkan bagaimana konsep kebebasan melambari setiap aturan, rumusan, dan pilihan kebijakan dua paham tersebut.
Keywords: capitalismcommunismdoctrinehuman freedomliberalismstalinismmaois
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
PENGARUH MODAL SOSIAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI SELURUH PROVINSI DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS DATA SUSENAS BPS 2009
No full textThe states with better institutions will be able to allocate resources
effectively so economy can work better. One of the elements of institution in
society that is very important for economic growth is social capital. The objective
of this study is to fine out the effect of social capital on economic growth in all the
provinces of Indonesia. The study used three main analysis instruments: (1) Factor
analysis used in social capital formatio
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