75 research outputs found

    The ‘Galilean Style in Science’ and the Inconsistency of Linguistic Theorising

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    Chomsky’s principle of epistemological tolerance says that in theoretical linguistics contradictions between the data and the hypotheses may be temporarily tolerated in order to protect the explanatory power of the theory. The paper raises the following problem: What kinds of contradictions may be tolerated between the data and the hypotheses in theoretical linguistics? First a model of paraconsistent logic is introduced which differentiates between week and strong contradiction. As a second step, a case study is carried out which exemplifies that the principle of epistemological tolerance may be interpreted as the tolerance of week contradiction. The third step of the argumentation focuses on another case study which exemplifies that the principle of epistemological tolerance must not be interpreted as the tolerance of strong contradiction. The reason for the latter insight is the unreliability and the uncertainty of introspective data. From this finding the author draws the conclusion that it is the integration of different data types that may lead to the improvement of current theoretical linguistics and that the integration of different data types requires a novel methodology which, for the time being, is not available

    Current Approaches to Syntax: A Comparative Handbook/ András Kertész, Edith Moravcsik, Csilla Rákosi.

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    In English.Includes bibliographical references and indexes.Even though the range of phenomena syntactic theories intend to account for is basically the same, the large number of current approaches to syntax shows how differently these phenomena can be interpreted, described, and explained. The goal of the volume is to probe into the question of how exactly these frameworks differ and what if anything they have in common.Descriptions of a sample of current approaches to syntax are presented by their major practitioners (Part I) followed by their metatheoretical underpinnings (Part II). Given that the goal is to facilitate a systematic comparison among the approaches, a checklist of issues was given to the contributors to address. The main headings are Data, Goals, Descriptive Tools, and Criteria for Evaluation. The chapters are structured uniformly allowing an item-by-item survey across the frameworks. The introduction lays out the parameters along which syntactic frameworks must be the same and how they may differ and a final paper draws some conclusions about similarities and differences.The volume is of interest to descriptive linguists, theoreticians of grammar, philosophers of science, and studies of the cognitive science of science.Moravcsik, Edith -- Broccias, Cristiano -- Chaves, Rui P. -- Culicover, Peter W. / Jackendoff, Ray -- Dalrymple, Mary / Findlay, Jamie Y. -- Featherston, Sam -- Hornstein, Norbert -- Jackendoff, Ray / Audring, Jenny -- Laury, Ritva / Ono, Tsuyoshi -- Legendre, Géraldine -- Mackenzie, J. Lachlan -- Müller, Stefan / Machicao y Priemer, Antonio -- Osborne, Timothy -- Steedman, Mark -- Carr, Philip -- Itkonen, Esa -- Kertész, András / Rákosi, Csilla -- Kornmesser, Stephan -- Ludlow, Peter -- Hacken, Pius ten -- Kertész, András / Rákosi, Csilla -- Frontmatter -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- Biographical Sketches -- 1. Introduction / Part I: Approaches to syntax -- 2. Cognitive Grammar / 3. Construction Grammar / 4. Simpler Syntax / 5. Lexical Functional Grammar / 6. The Decathlon Model / 7. The Stupendous Success of the Minimalist Program / 8. The Parallel Architecture / 9. Usage-based Grammar / 10. Optimality-theoretic Syntax / 11. The Functional Discourse Grammar approach to syntax / 12. Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar / 13. Dependency Grammar / 14. Combinatory Categorial Grammar / Part II: Metatheoretical foundations -- 15. Syntactic knowledge and intersubjectivity / 16. Hermeneutics and generative linguistics / 17. The uncertainty of syntactic theorizing / 18. The multiparadigmatic structure of science and generative grammar / 19. The philosophy of generative linguistics: best theory criteria / 20. The research programme of Chomskyan linguistics / 21. Conclusions: On the use of the comparison of syntactic theories / Author Index -- Language Index -- Subject Index1 online resource (616 p.)

    Generational Transfer Among Family Businesses on the Fields of Reputation and Organizational Culture – Research Plan

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    Aim: The aim of this paper is to generally introduce the topic, themes and relevance of the research on which my PhD thesis will be based. The research will focus on change of generations among Hungarian family businesses and deals with changes of leadership, organizational culture and core values, related to the management/owner succession. The research needs to apply knowledge from four disciplines ‒ PR, organizational culture, economic (family businesses) and leadership ‒ so it is multidisciplinary in nature. Following a current step of the research-process will be presented. Methodology: The Family Business Barometer results were applied for gaining information about the plans related to the future, generations, and so on of European Family Businesses. Then three Hungarian family businesses were interviewed in the frame of a panel-discussion organized by the Commercial and Industry Chamber in Győr-MosonSopron County.  These three family businesses were the Borsodi Műhely, the Biotextima and the Leier. Findings: All in all between 2013 and 2016 most of the family businesses seemed to be confident about the future. In this aspect just a few family businesses were neutral in this time period. Unfortunately, there were family businesses who had a negative attitude for the future. The deliberate and detailed planning of the handover, the selection of a determined date for handover, the determination of the older generation to really do not interfere in affairs, the cohesive role of the family, family activities, the support from the family could lead to the effective change of generations

    Rozwój i wzrost gospodarczy w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej

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    The study investigates the economic growth in Central and Eastern Europe in the last 25 years. The economy can be regarded as a substantial topic in any country, but it is even more interesting in developing countries. One of the basic ideas of the European Union is the convergence between member states, namely the reduction of development disparities, which can be achieved through faster economic growth in less‑developed countries. Growth theory is one of the main topics in economics. Its significant importance is because the desire for development is one of the main driving forces of mankind. The aim of the study is to reveal the crucial differences and common features between the growth paths of the eleven Central and Eastern European member states of the European Union. After presenting growth theories, the growth performance of the examined Central and Eastern European member states is pinpointed. During the research, GDP per capita, population, migration, activity rate, employment rate, unemployment rate, foreign direct investment and foreign trade openness are considered.Opracowanie przedstawia wyniki badania wzrostu gospodarczego w Europie Środkowo‑Wschodniej w ciągu ostatnich 25 lat. Gospodarka może być uważana za istotny temat analiz w każdym kraju, ale jest szczególnie interesująca w przypadku krajów rozwijających się. Jednym z podstawowych dążeń Unii Europejskiej jest konwergencja państw członkowskich, czyli zmniejszanie dysproporcji rozwojowych, co można osiągnąć poprzez szybszy wzrost gospodarczy krajów słabiej rozwiniętych. Teoria wzrostu jest jednym z głównych tematów w ekonomii. Jej ogromne znaczenie wynika z tego, że chęć rozwoju jest jedną z głównych sił napędowych ludzkości. Celem badania jest wskazanie istotnych różnic między ścieżkami rozwoju jedenastu krajów członkowskich Unii Europejskiej z Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej oraz cech wspólnych. Po uprzednim przedstawieniu teorii wzrostu, pokazano osiągnięcia w obszarze wzrostu badanych państw członkowskich z Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej. W badaniu wzięto pod uwagę PKB per capita, liczbę ludności, migracje, wskaźnik aktywności zawodowej, wskaźnik zatrudnienia, stopę bezrobocia, bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne oraz otwartość handlu zagranicznego

    A területi tőke és a családi vállalkozások kapcsolatának vizsgálata

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    A tanulmány célja annak vizsgálata, hogy milyen kapcsolat figyelhető meg egy régió területi tőkéje és az ott működő családi vállalkozások között. Ahhoz, hogy a családi vállalkozások és a területi tőke bizonyos elemei közötti kölcsönhatásról átfogó képet kapjunk, a tanulmány egyrészt a kutatási területek tudományos irodalmára, a korábbi kutatásokra épül. Másrészt két üzleti tanulmány kerül bemutatásra, amelyeknek alapját a családi vállalkozásokkal készített mélyinterjúk adják. A vizsgált családi vállalkozások esetén még nem zajlott le a generációváltás. Az elemzett családi vállalkozások a ZitaTextil Bt. és az Épületcenter Kft.. A kutatás eredményeképpen a tanulmány példát ad a területi tőke társadalmi és kulturális hatásaira a családi vállalkozásokra, valamint a családi vállalkozások növekvő erejére a területi tőkére vonatkozásban. A vállalati regionális szerepvállalás és a beágyazottság, valamint a területi tőke között erős kölcsönhatás mutatkozik. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between the territorial capital of a region and the family businesses operating there. In order to get a comprehensive picture of the interaction between family businesses and certain elements of territorial capital, the study is based on the scientific literature of the research areas and on previous research. On the other hand, two business studies are highlighted, based on in-depth interviews with family businesses. In case of the examined family businesses, the generational change has not been accomplished yet. The analysed family businesses are ZitaTextil Limited Partnership And Épületcenter Ltd. As a result of the research, the study provides an example of the social and cultural effects of regional capital on family businesses and the growing power of family businesses in relation to regional capital. There is a strong interaction between corporate regional involvement and embeddedness as well as territorial capital

    Interaction between Territorial Capital and Family Businesses

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    The purpose of the study is to investigate the interaction between the territorial capital of a region and the family businesses operating there. In order to obtain a comprehensive picture about the interaction between family businesses and certain elements of territorial capital. On one hand, the study is based on the scientific literature of research areas and the previous research. On the other hand, two business studies are demonstrated based on deep interviews with the successors of the family businesses. The study gives an example of the social and cultural impacts of territorial capital on family businesses and the growing power of family businesses in terms of territorial capital. There is a strong interaction between corporate regional involvement and embedding and territorial capital
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