1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pharmaco-épidémiologie du mélanome métastatique : analyse des données du Système National des Données de Santé
No full textOur aim was to address clinical and policy-relevant questions related to the efficacy of metastatic melanoma treatments (anti-PD-1 antibodies, targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors), using the French Health Insurance database, which is exhaustive nationwide. First, we included 10936 patients who received treatment for metastatic melanoma in France between 2010 and 2017. Patients treated from June 2015 gained 44% overall survival compared with patients initiating treatment before 2012. Second, we investigated the impact of antibiotics on anti-PD-1 antibody efficacy. Numerous observational studies have suggested an impaired efficacy of immunotherapy among patients with antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. Antibiotic treatment was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.01, 95%CI 0.88-1.17) or treatment duration with anti-PD-1 antibodies (HR=1.00, 95%CI 0.89-1.11). Third, we investigated the impact of the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and targeted therapy. PPI can reduce the absorption of oral drugs, and are therefore contraindicated in patients receiving dabrafenib. PPI use was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.11, 95%CI 0.88-1.39) or treatment duration with BRAF inhibitor (HR=1.03, 95%CI 0.86-1.24). An overlap weighting method based on the propensity score was used to control for indication bias. The main limitation was the lack of clinical information, including tumour response and some prognostic factors. With real-world data, many issues regarding treatment efficacy that cannot be addressed in randomized controlled trials can be explored, including interactions with drugs or comorbidities, provided that a methodology enabling confounders to be controlled for is used.L’objectif de ce travail était de répondre à 3 questions de santé publique relatives aux traitements du mélanome métastatique développés ces dernières années (anti-PD-1, thérapies ciblées anti-BRAF/anti-MEK), en utilisant les données du système national des données de santé (SNDS). La 1ère étude visait à évaluer l’utilisation des traitements du mélanome métastatique en vie réelle. La cohorte incluait 10936 patients traités pour un mélanome métastatique en France entre 2010 et 2017. Les patients traités à partir de juin 2015 avaient un gain de survie de 44 % par rapport aux patients pris en charge avant 2012. La 2ème étude visait à évaluer l’impact des antibiotiques sur l’efficacité des anti-PD-1. De nombreuses études observationnelles ont suggéré une efficacité altérée des anti-PD-1 en cas de dysbiose intestinale induite par l’antibiothérapie. L’antibiothérapie n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,01 IC95% 0,88-1,17) ou la durée de traitement par anti-PD-1 (HR=1,00 IC95% 0,89-1,11). La 3ème étude évaluait l’efficacité des thérapies ciblées en cas de prise concomitante d’inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP). Les IPP peuvent diminuer l’absorption des traitements oraux, et sont contre-indiqués avec l’anti-BRAF dabrafenib. La prise d’IPP n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,11 IC95% 0,88-1,39) ni à la durée de traitement par thérapie ciblée (HR=1,03 IC95% 0,86-1,24). Une méthode d’overlap weighting basée sur le score de propension permettait de contrôler le biais d’indication. La principale limite était l’absence de certaines informations cliniques, notamment la réponse tumorale et certains facteurs pronostiques. Le SNDS permet d’aborder des questions qui ne peuvent l’être dans un essai randomisé, comme l’impact des interactions médicamenteuses ou l’efficacité des traitements en présence de certaines comorbidités, sous réserve d’utiliser une méthodologie prenant en compte les facteurs de confusion
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Pharmaco-épidémiologie du mélanome métastatique : analyse des données du Système National des Données de Santé
No full textOur aim was to address clinical and policy-relevant questions related to the efficacy of metastatic melanoma treatments (anti-PD-1 antibodies, targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors), using the French Health Insurance database, which is exhaustive nationwide. First, we included 10936 patients who received treatment for metastatic melanoma in France between 2010 and 2017. Patients treated from June 2015 gained 44% overall survival compared with patients initiating treatment before 2012. Second, we investigated the impact of antibiotics on anti-PD-1 antibody efficacy. Numerous observational studies have suggested an impaired efficacy of immunotherapy among patients with antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. Antibiotic treatment was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.01, 95%CI 0.88-1.17) or treatment duration with anti-PD-1 antibodies (HR=1.00, 95%CI 0.89-1.11). Third, we investigated the impact of the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and targeted therapy. PPI can reduce the absorption of oral drugs, and are therefore contraindicated in patients receiving dabrafenib. PPI use was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.11, 95%CI 0.88-1.39) or treatment duration with BRAF inhibitor (HR=1.03, 95%CI 0.86-1.24). An overlap weighting method based on the propensity score was used to control for indication bias. The main limitation was the lack of clinical information, including tumour response and some prognostic factors. With real-world data, many issues regarding treatment efficacy that cannot be addressed in randomized controlled trials can be explored, including interactions with drugs or comorbidities, provided that a methodology enabling confounders to be controlled for is used.L’objectif de ce travail était de répondre à 3 questions de santé publique relatives aux traitements du mélanome métastatique développés ces dernières années (anti-PD-1, thérapies ciblées anti-BRAF/anti-MEK), en utilisant les données du système national des données de santé (SNDS). La 1ère étude visait à évaluer l’utilisation des traitements du mélanome métastatique en vie réelle. La cohorte incluait 10936 patients traités pour un mélanome métastatique en France entre 2010 et 2017. Les patients traités à partir de juin 2015 avaient un gain de survie de 44 % par rapport aux patients pris en charge avant 2012. La 2ème étude visait à évaluer l’impact des antibiotiques sur l’efficacité des anti-PD-1. De nombreuses études observationnelles ont suggéré une efficacité altérée des anti-PD-1 en cas de dysbiose intestinale induite par l’antibiothérapie. L’antibiothérapie n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,01 IC95% 0,88-1,17) ou la durée de traitement par anti-PD-1 (HR=1,00 IC95% 0,89-1,11). La 3ème étude évaluait l’efficacité des thérapies ciblées en cas de prise concomitante d’inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP). Les IPP peuvent diminuer l’absorption des traitements oraux, et sont contre-indiqués avec l’anti-BRAF dabrafenib. La prise d’IPP n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,11 IC95% 0,88-1,39) ni à la durée de traitement par thérapie ciblée (HR=1,03 IC95% 0,86-1,24). Une méthode d’overlap weighting basée sur le score de propension permettait de contrôler le biais d’indication. La principale limite était l’absence de certaines informations cliniques, notamment la réponse tumorale et certains facteurs pronostiques. Le SNDS permet d’aborder des questions qui ne peuvent l’être dans un essai randomisé, comme l’impact des interactions médicamenteuses ou l’efficacité des traitements en présence de certaines comorbidités, sous réserve d’utiliser une méthodologie prenant en compte les facteurs de confusion
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pharmacoepidemiology of metastatic melanoma using the French Health Insurance database
No full textL’objectif de ce travail était de répondre à 3 questions de santé publique relatives aux traitements du mélanome métastatique développés ces dernières années (anti-PD-1, thérapies ciblées anti-BRAF/anti-MEK), en utilisant les données du système national des données de santé (SNDS). La 1ère étude visait à évaluer l’utilisation des traitements du mélanome métastatique en vie réelle. La cohorte incluait 10936 patients traités pour un mélanome métastatique en France entre 2010 et 2017. Les patients traités à partir de juin 2015 avaient un gain de survie de 44 % par rapport aux patients pris en charge avant 2012. La 2ème étude visait à évaluer l’impact des antibiotiques sur l’efficacité des anti-PD-1. De nombreuses études observationnelles ont suggéré une efficacité altérée des anti-PD-1 en cas de dysbiose intestinale induite par l’antibiothérapie. L’antibiothérapie n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,01 IC95% 0,88-1,17) ou la durée de traitement par anti-PD-1 (HR=1,00 IC95% 0,89-1,11). La 3ème étude évaluait l’efficacité des thérapies ciblées en cas de prise concomitante d’inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP). Les IPP peuvent diminuer l’absorption des traitements oraux, et sont contre-indiqués avec l’anti-BRAF dabrafenib. La prise d’IPP n’était pas associée à la survie (HR=1,11 IC95% 0,88-1,39) ni à la durée de traitement par thérapie ciblée (HR=1,03 IC95% 0,86-1,24). Une méthode d’overlap weighting basée sur le score de propension permettait de contrôler le biais d’indication. La principale limite était l’absence de certaines informations cliniques, notamment la réponse tumorale et certains facteurs pronostiques. Le SNDS permet d’aborder des questions qui ne peuvent l’être dans un essai randomisé, comme l’impact des interactions médicamenteuses ou l’efficacité des traitements en présence de certaines comorbidités, sous réserve d’utiliser une méthodologie prenant en compte les facteurs de confusion.Our aim was to address clinical and policy-relevant questions related to the efficacy of metastatic melanoma treatments (anti-PD-1 antibodies, targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors), using the French Health Insurance database, which is exhaustive nationwide. First, we included 10936 patients who received treatment for metastatic melanoma in France between 2010 and 2017. Patients treated from June 2015 gained 44% overall survival compared with patients initiating treatment before 2012. Second, we investigated the impact of antibiotics on anti-PD-1 antibody efficacy. Numerous observational studies have suggested an impaired efficacy of immunotherapy among patients with antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. Antibiotic treatment was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.01, 95%CI 0.88-1.17) or treatment duration with anti-PD-1 antibodies (HR=1.00, 95%CI 0.89-1.11). Third, we investigated the impact of the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and targeted therapy. PPI can reduce the absorption of oral drugs, and are therefore contraindicated in patients receiving dabrafenib. PPI use was not associated with overall survival (HR=1.11, 95%CI 0.88-1.39) or treatment duration with BRAF inhibitor (HR=1.03, 95%CI 0.86-1.24). An overlap weighting method based on the propensity score was used to control for indication bias. The main limitation was the lack of clinical information, including tumour response and some prognostic factors. With real-world data, many issues regarding treatment efficacy that cannot be addressed in randomized controlled trials can be explored, including interactions with drugs or comorbidities, provided that a methodology enabling confounders to be controlled for is used
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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