14,792 research outputs found
Nonzero-sum Stochastic Games
No full textThis paper treats of stochastic games. We focus on nonzero-sum games and provide a detailed survey of selected recent results. In Section 1, we consider stochastic Markov games. A correlation of strategies of the players, involving ``public signals'', is described, and a correlated equilibrium theorem proved recently by Nowak and Raghavan for discounted stochastic games with general state space is presented. We also report an extension of this result to a class of undiscounted stochastic games, satisfying some uniform ergodicity condition. Stopping games are related to stochastic Markov games. In Section 2, we describe a version of Dynkin's game related to observation of a Markov process with random assignment mechanism of states to the players. Some recent contributions of the second author in this area are reported. The paper also contains a brief overview of the theory of nonzero-sum stochastic games and stopping games which is very far from being complete.average payoff stochastic games, correlated stationary equilibria, nonzero-sum games, stopping time, stopping games
The role of civic education in developing a sense of national identity: action research in a Hong Kong primary school
No full textThere is a major concern in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region that civic education in schools is not able to prepare committed and active citizens for the national community after her re-unification with the People's Republic of China. To develop practical understanding for informing and improving teachers' practice in this marginalized but increasingly important curriculum area at the primary level, this study investigated how civic education, implemented via a primary school subject, General Studies, could contribute to the development of children's sense of national identity. Through action research into the development and implementation of a school-based General Studies unit, this study examined how the General Studies teachers perceived citizenship and civic education and its impact on children's civic learning. It also investigated the major problems and issues that emerged in adopting a permeation approach to civic education. The participative research involved the head teacher, all the General Studies teachers and in particular four teachers who worked in collaboration with the researcher in developing and implementing the school-based civic education project for 145 Primary 5 pupils in the pilot school. It employed multiple methods to investigate the development of the project, including: surveys, interviews, lesson observations, participant observations in preparatory meetings, analysis of journals and curriculum documents. The findings indicated that the school-based project achieved limited success in fostering children's sense of national identity. Difficulties encountered in the development and implementation of the project were mainly related to teachers’ understanding of the concept of citizenship and civic education and their lack of experience in promoting civic learning in the primary school. But the participative research did lend itself to better understanding of some very important issues related to the teaching and learning of civic education, such as teachers' perceptions of citizenship, civic education and the civic mission of the schools, the adoption of a permeation approach to civic education via the General Studies curriculum, the teaching of civic values through General Studies topics, and the development of a participative culture in the primary schools. These should help to further develop the civic education curriculum in the HKSAR
Quintessence manifeste (mngon sum snying po)
No full textDéfinition de la notion de “Quintessence manifeste” (mngon sum snying po) telle qu'on l'entend dans le système de la Grande Perfection
Quintessence manifeste (mngon sum snying po)
No full textDéfinition de la notion de “Quintessence manifeste” (mngon sum snying po) telle qu'on l'entend dans le système de la Grande Perfection
Erratum: 3D bioprinted in vitro secondary hyperoxaluria model by mimicking intestinal-oxalatemalabsorption-related kidney stone disease (Applied Physics Reviews (2022) 9 (041408) DOI: 10.1063/5.0087345)
No full text© 2023 Author(s).This article was originally published online on 21 November 2022 with an incorrect affiliation identifier for author Dong-Woo Cho. It is correct as it appears above. All online versions of this article were corrected on 23 November 2022. AIP Publishing apologizes for this error.11Nsciescopu
Erosional history of the Karkonosze Granite Massif – constraints from adjacent sedimentary basins and thermochronology
No full textThe long-term erosional history of the Karkonosze Granite Massif is revised and reconstructed using different sources of information, including the sedimentary record of adjacent basins, previously published low-temperature thermochronological data and geomorphic features. Although the evidence is still incomplete, this work has identified a number of intervals, of unequal duration, characterized by different denudation regimes and rates. Several major phases of rapid exhumation are inferred - in the Permian and the Early Triassic as seen in the sedimentary record, and in the Late Cretaceous as shown by both the thermochronological and sedimentary records. Neotectonic uplift of the Karkonosze Mts. in the late Cenozoic is not recorded in the thermochronological record and there is no evidence of any accelerated denudation close to the massif. Apatite fission track data show that >~3.6 km of rock must have been eroded since the Turonian, while the results of zircon (U-Th)/He analysis suggest that in places erosion of >~6 km of rock must have taken place. This picture differs from previous estimates of denudation which suggested that only 2-2.5 km has been eroded from the axial part of the Karkonosze dome since the exposure of granite batholith in the Permian
Unimodality of Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle actions with index-increasing moment Maps
No full textThe unimodality conjecture posed by Tolman in [L. Jeffrey, T. Holm, Y. Karshon, E. Lerman and E. Meinrenken, Moment maps in various geometries, http://www.birs.ca/workshops/2005/05w5072/report05w5072.pdf] states that if (M,ω) is a 2n-dimensional smooth compact symplectic manifold equipped with a Hamiltonian circle action with only isolated fixed points, then the sequence of Betti numbers {b0(M),b2(M),...,b2n(M)} is unimodal, i.e. bi(M) ≤ bi+2(M) for every i < n. Recently, the author and Kim [Y. Cho and M. Kim, Unimodality of the Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle action with isolated fixed points, Math. Res. Lett. 21(4) (2014) 691-696] proved that the unimodality holds in eight-dimensional case by using equivariant cohomology theory. In this paper, we generalize the idea in [Y. Cho and M. Kim, Unimodality of the Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle action with isolated fixed points, Math. Res. Lett. 21(4) (2014) 691-696] to an arbitrary dimensional case. We prove the conjecture in arbitrary dimension under the assumption that the moment map H : M → R is index-increasing, which means that ind(p) < ind(q) implies H(p) < H(q) for every pair of critical points p and q of H, where ind(p) is the Morse index of p with respect to H. © World Scientific Publishing Company1111sciescopu
Transforming Power Relationships: Leadership, Risk, and Hope. IHS Political Science Series No. 135, May 2013
No full textChronic communal conflicts resemble the prisoner’s dilemma. Both communities prefer peace to war. But neither trusts the other, viewing the other’s gain as its own loss, so
potentially shared interests often go unrealized.
Achieving positive-sum outcomes from apparently zero-sum struggles requires a kind of riskembracing leadership. To succeed leaders must: a) see power relations as potentially
positive-sum; b) strengthen negotiating adversaries instead of weakening them; and c) demonstrate hope for a positive future and take great personal risks to achieve it.
Such leadership is exemplified by Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk in the South African democratic transition. To illuminate the strategic dilemmas Mandela and de Klerk faced, we examine the work of Robert Axelrod, Thomas Schelling, and Josep Colomer, who highlight important dimensions of the problem but underplay the role of risk-embracing leadership. Finally we discuss leadership successes and failures in the Northern Ireland settlement and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Diagonal Forms, Linear Algebraic Methods and Ramsey-Type Problems
No full textThis thesis focuses mainly on linear algebraic aspects of combinatorics. Let N_t(H) be an incidence matrix with edges versus all subhypergraphs of a complete hypergraph that are isomorphic to H. Richard M. Wilson and the author find the general formula for the Smith normal form or diagonal form of N_t(H) for all simple graphs H and for a very general class of t-uniform hypergraphs H.
As a continuation, the author determines the formula for diagonal forms of integer matrices obtained from other combinatorial structures, including incidence matrices for subgraphs of a complete bipartite graph and inclusion matrices for multisets.
One major application of diagonal forms is in zero-sum Ramsey theory. For instance, Caro's results in zero-sum Ramsey numbers for graphs and Caro and Yuster's results in zero-sum bipartite Ramsey numbers can be reproduced. These results are further generalized to t-uniform hypergraphs. Other applications include signed bipartite graph designs.
Research results on some other problems are also included in this thesis, such as a Ramsey-type problem on equipartitions, Hartman's conjecture on large sets of designs and a matroid theory problem proposed by Welsh.</p
Copolymerization Catalyzed by salen-Type Cr(III) Complexes
No full textOrganic quaternary phosphonium salts are used in conjunction with chromium salen complexes in the alternating copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide (CHO) or propylene oxide (PO). A highly efficient formation of atactic polycarbonate with narrow distribution and molecular weights comparable or superior to those obtained with bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium (PPN+) salts can be achieved with phosphonium salts such as triphenyl(4-pyridinylmethyl)phosphonium chloride hydrochloride (UHFFA) and tetraphenylphosphonium chloride (TPPCl). For CHO-based copolymers, a structure-property correlation can be observed: the Tg value seems to be related both to the amount of ether linkages and to the molecular weight. In addition, in the case of CHO, FTIR/ATR spectroscopy on the pretreated catalytic system can reliably predict the success of the copolymerization before the introduction of the epoxide monomer. Equilibria between the cation and anion in the phosphonium salts under study and the competition between epoxide and X- have been shown to play a role in the activity, molecular weight, selectivity, and polymer properties. A general view of these equilibria and of the polymerization mechanism has been given as well as a rationale of differences in CHO and PO copolymerization behavior and polymer properties
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