1,930,794 research outputs found
Removal of ammoniacal nitrogen from landfill leachate by irrigation onto vegetated treatment planes
Get PDFLeachate is a contaminated liquor resulting from the disposal of solid and liquid wastes at landfill sites that must be treated before discharge. Vegetated leachate treatment planes have been used at landfill sites in the UK but have received little scientific attention. This paper describes studies of model leachate treatment planes with a focus on the removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N). Small-scale and field-scale experimental treatment planes were constructed, filled with clay loam soil and vegetated with grass (Agrostis stolonifera). Landfill leachate was applied at hydraulic loading rates ranging from 17-217 l/m2/d. An exponential relationship was used to characterise the pattern of NH3-N removal. No relationship was observed between the hydraulic loading rate and the NH3-N removal rate constants (R2 = 0.0039). The daily specific NH3 -N mass removal rate was found to be linearly related to the NH3 -N concentration at the start of that day of treatment (R2 = 0.35). Possible causes of variation in the rate of NH3-N removal between experiments are discussed. A simple inorganic nitrogen balance indicated that the mass of NH3-N and NO2-N removed was not accounted for by NO3-N production. Explanations for this apparent nitrogen deficit are discussed
On Using Unsatisfiability for Solving Maximum Satisfiability
No full textAbstract. Maximum Satisfiability (MAXSAT) is a well-known optimization problem, with several practical applications. The most widely known MAXSAT algorithms are ineffective at solving hard problems instances from practical application domains. Recent work proposed using efficient Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solvers for solving the MAXSAT problem, based on identifying and eliminating unsatisfiable subformulas. However, these algorithms do not scale in practice. This paper analyzes existing MAXSAT algorithms based on unsatisfiable subformula identification. Moreover, the paper proposes a number of key optimizations to these MAXSAT algorithms and a new alternative algorithm. The proposed optimizations and the new algorithm provide significant performance improvements on MAXSAT instances from practical applications. Moreover, the efficiency of the new generation of unsatisfiability-based MAXSAT solvers becomes effectively indexed to the ability of modern SAT solvers to proving unsatisfiability and identifying unsatisfiable subformulas.
On Projective Planes & Rational Identities
No full textOne of the marvelous phenomena of coordinate geometry is the equivalence of Desargues' Theorem to the presence of an underlying division ring in a projective plane. Supplementing this correspondence is the general theory of intersection theorems, which, restricted to desarguian projective planes P, corresponds precisely to the theory of integral rational identities, restricted to division rings D. The first chapter of this paper introduces projective planes, develops the concept of an intersection theorem, and expounds upon the Theorem of Desargues; the discussion culminates with a proof of the desarguian phenomenon in the second chapter. The third chapter characterizes the automorphisms of P and introduces the theory of polynomial identities; the fourth chapter expands this discussion to rational identities and cements the ``dictionary''. The last section describes a measure of complexity for these intersection theorems, and the paper concludes with a curious spawn of the correspondence.Master of Scienc
Here Beneath Low-Flying Planes
No full textThe stories in Merrill Feitell's award-winning collection, Here Beneath Low-Flying Planes, examine the fleeting and unexpected moments of human connection, reminding us of the indelible impact we have on one another no matter how insignificant or anonymous we might feel under our huge, collective sky.Intro -- Contents -- It Couldn't Be More Beautiful -- Bike New York! -- The Marrying Kind -- The Dumpling King -- And Then You Stand Up -- Our Little Lone Star -- Such a Big Mr. England -- Here Beneath Low-Flying PlanesThe stories in Merrill Feitell's award-winning collection, Here Beneath Low-Flying Planes, examine the fleeting and unexpected moments of human connection, reminding us of the indelible impact we have on one another no matter how insignificant or anonymous we might feel under our huge, collective sky.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
De mercaderes mallorquines a ciudadanos de Valencia: los Planes, 1550-1700
No full textThe present investigative work focuses on the analysis of three generations of the Planes de Mallorca family, specifically, Gaspar Planes and Vicent Planes, uncle and son of Bartomeu Planes accordingly, all of which were merchants by profession and citizens. We will examine the strategies employed by this family to ascend socially and to consolidate itself as part of the elite, later obtaining the status of citizens during the Modern Age. This study will seek to contribute to the understanding of the social mobility that characterized western societies since the beginning of that age. This family’s example will offer us a panoramic view of how the different phases of life, from education to political interaction and management of resources, comingled to forge a position of power and prestige within the community.El presente trabajo de investigación se enfoca en el análisis de tres generaciones dela familia Planes de Mallorca, específicamente Gaspar Planes, su sobrino Bartomeu Planes, ambos mercaderes, y el hijo de Bartomeu, Vicent Planes, quien también siguió la profesión de mercader y ciudadano. Se examinan las estrategias de ascenso social que esta familia empleó para consolidarse como parte de la élite y alcanzar el estatus de ciudadanos en la sociedad de la Edad Moderna. Este estudio pretende contribuir al entendimiento de la movilidad social que caracterizó a las sociedades occidentales desdelos inicios de dicha época. Su ejemplo nos ofrece una visión panorámica de cómo las distintas facetas de la vida, desde la educación hasta la interacción política y la gestión de recursos, se entrelazaron para forjar una posición de poder y prestigio dentro de la comunida
De mercaderes mallorquines a ciudadanos de Valencia: los Planes, 1550-1700
Get PDFEl presente trabajo de investigación se enfoca en el análisis de tres generaciones dela familia Planes de Mallorca, específicamente Gaspar Planes, su sobrino Bartomeu Planes, ambos mercaderes, y el hijo de Bartomeu, Vicent Planes, quien también siguió la profesión de mercader y ciudadano. Se examinan las estrategias de ascenso social que esta familia empleó para consolidarse como parte de la élite y alcanzar el estatus de ciudadanos en la sociedad de la Edad Moderna. Este estudio pretende contribuir al entendimiento de la movilidad social que caracterizó a las sociedades occidentales desdelos inicios de dicha época. Su ejemplo nos ofrece una visión panorámica de cómo las distintas facetas de la vida, desde la educación hasta la interacción política y la gestión de recursos, se entrelazaron para forjar una posición de poder y prestigio dentro de la comunidad.The present investigative work focuses on the analysis of three generations of the Planes de Mallorca family, specifically, Gaspar Planes and Vicent Planes, uncle and son of Bartomeu Planes accordingly, all of which were merchants by profession and citizens. We will examine the strategies employed by this family to ascend socially and to consolidate itself as part of the elite, later obtaining the status of citizens during the Modern Age. This study will seek to contribute to the understanding of the social mobility that characterized western societies since the beginning of that age. This family’s example will offer us a panoramic view of how the different phases of life, from education to political interaction and management of resources, comingled to forge a position of power and prestige within the community
De mercaderes mallorquines a ciudadanos de Valencia: los Planes, 1550-1700
No full textEl presente trabajo de investigación se enfoca en el análisis de tres generaciones de la familia Planes de Mallorca, específicamente Gaspar Planes, su sobrino Bartomeu Planes, ambos mercaderes, y el hijo de Bartomeu, Vicent Planes, quien también siguió la profesión de mercader y ciudadano. Se examinan las estrategias de ascenso social que esta familia empleó para consolidarse como parte de la élite y alcanzar el estatus de ciudadanos en la sociedad de la Edad Moderna. Este estudio pretende contribuir al entendimiento de la movilidad social que caracterizó a las sociedades occidentales desde los inicios de dicha época. Su ejemplo nos ofrece una visión panorámica de cómo las distintas facetas de la vida, desde la educación hasta la interacción política y la gestión de recursos, se entrelazaron para forjar una posición de poder y prestigio dentro de la comunidad
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
