49 research outputs found
Topology of spin meron pairs in coupled Ni/Fe/Co/Cu(001) disks
No full textThe meron is a special topological object that carries only one-half of the topological charge unit. In condensed matter physics, a spin meron corresponds to one-half of a spin skyrmion. As compared to the many fascinating topological properties of skyrmion materials, little is known of the properties of spin merons especially about their formation. It was confirmed only recently that hedgehog merons could exist in pairs with opposite helicities via a spin flux closure. However, it is unclear whether a single hedgehog meron could ever exist by pairing with another type of meron. Using element-resolved magnetic imaging measurements on epitaxial trilayer disks, we show that a spin meron with a full range of helicity, including the hedgehog meron, can be stabilized by pairing with another vortex meron with a fine tuning of the magnetic coupling between the two merons. Furthermore, the meron divergence is fully controlled by the polarity of the vortex meron, independent of the vortex helicity.National Science Foundation [DMR-1504568]; Future Materials Discovery Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea [2015M3D1A1070467]; Science Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea [2015R1A5A1009962]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]SCI(E)[email protected]
Author Correction: Africa needs context-relevant evidence to shape its clean energy future
No full textCorrection to: Nature Energyhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-022-01152-0, published online 24 October 2022 In the version of the article initially published, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie Eshetu’s name appeared incorrectly as Eshetu Gebrekidan Gebresilassie and has now been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.Water Resource
Africa needs context-relevant evidence to shape its clean energy future
No full textAligning development and climate goals means Africa’s energy systems will be based on clean energy technologies in the long term, but pathways to get there are uncertain and variable across countries. Although current debates about natural gas and renewables in Africa are heated, they largely ignore the substantial context specificity of the starting points, development objectives and uncertainties of each African country’s energy system trajectory. Here we—an interdisciplinary and majority African group of authors—highlight that each country faces a distinct solution space and set of uncertainties for using renewables or fossil fuels to meet its development objectives. For example, Ethiopia is headed for an accelerated green-growth pathway, but Mozambique is at a crossroads of natural gas expansion with implicit large-scale technological, economic, financial and social risks and uncertainties. We provide geopolitical, policy, finance and research recommendations to create firm country-specific evidence to identify adequate energy system pathways for development and to enable their implementation.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Water Resource
Di monaci e abati (Decameron I 4)
No full textPartendo dallo studio della novella I 4 del Decameron (quella in cui un abate perdona la lussuria di un giovane monaco, perché questi l’ha sorpreso commettere lo stesso peccato), l’autore individua, nella letteratura romanza del Medio Evo e del Rinascimento, due modelli narrativi di base: quello della citata novella (De l’evesque qui beneï lo con; Novellino, LIV e Decameron I 4 e IX 2); e quello, per certi aspetti affine, in cui un religioso beffa il borghese o il villa-no della cui moglie è l’amante (Decameron, III 4, VII 3, IX 10; Sacchetti, Trecen-tonovelle, 207; Poggio Bracciolini, Liber facetiarum, 203; Masuccio, Novellino, I 3). In entrambi i modelli può trovarsi il motivo delle “brache del prete”, ma nel secondo acquista i toni di “beffa” che mancano nel primo.Starting from the study of the novel I 4 of the Decameron (the one in which an abbot forgives the lust of a young monk, because he surprised him committing the same sin), the author identifies, in the Romance literature of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, two basic narrative models: that of the aforementioned novel ((De l’evesque qui beneï lo con; Novellino, LIV and Deca-meron I 4 and IX 2); and the one, in some respects similar, in which a holy man mocks the bourgeois or the peasant of whose wife he is the lover (De-cameron, III 4, VII 3, IX 10; Sacchetti, Trecentonovelle, 207; Poggio Braccioli-ni, Liber facetiarum, 203; Masuccio, Novellino, I 3). In both models there may be the motif of the “priest’s breeches”, but in the second it acquires the to-nes of “mockery” that are missing in the first
International aid in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT)
No full textThe unique nature of humanitarian aid to the OPT can be summed up by the position of Israel (an occupying power and ‘un-obliging landlord’) and by the attitude of the international community towards this position. The main dilemma is powerfully described by Israeli author and ex Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem, Meron Benvenisti: “The Palestinians managed to survive thanks to the international aid, but [...], the beneficiary of the international community’s rallying to the rescue was their Israeli enemy. Moreover, the contributing states’ humanitarian enlistment became a safety net, enabling Israel to impose a deluxe occupation in the West Bank – total military domination with no responsibility for running the life of the occupied population, and no price tag attached. Had Israel been required to fulfill its commitment as an occupying power [author’s note: in accordance with the Geneva Conventions], it would have had to pay NIS 5-6 billion a year just to maintain basic services for a population of more than three million people. But it created an international precedent – an occupation fully financed by the international community. The harsher the Israeli measures with closures, blockades and safety fences, the larger the international aid “to prevent a humanitarian crisis”, and Israel is not held accountable”.
Furthermore despite the economic benefits it gains from the humanitarian aid that is supposed to go to the Palestinian people, Israel interferes in the flow of this aid by blocking access to it and thus reducing its effectiveness. “But while piling on barriers that block aid from Palestinians and Palestinians from aid, Israel is fervent in its support of humanitarian aid in face of the international community”.
The behaviour of the international community towards the Israeli government demonstrates that the flow of international aid to the OPT is directed towards alleviating the crisis of the Palestinian people rather than towards promoting a permanent solution. Although the main responsibility for the serious situation in the West Bank is down to the Israeli occupation, as reported by agencies that could hardly be described as hostile to Israel, the attitude of donors appears ambiguous, when not openly hypocritical. Israel’s repeated violations of both international humanitarian and human rights legislation have met with insufficient responses, generally limited to vague condemnations and resolutions by the UN that have had practically no effect on Israeli policy.
At the time this article was going to print (May 2008), the situation in the OPT, and in the Gaza Strip especially, was practically out of control and showed no signs of a tangible solution. How did we reach this point? One possible interpretation of recent events and of the factors that condition them can be found in the “End of Mission Report” (May 2006) by the UN’s Middle-East envoy, Alvaro de Soto20, which provides a devastating description of the failure of international diplomacy and of how interventions, including humanitarian aid, are carried out in this part of the world.
The painful and, we hope, overly pessimistic opinions expressed in this article aim to highlight the desperate need for more research and analysis on humanitarian aid. As a report by the International Red Cross states: “There is also a need for a strong “institutional memory” and a culture of serious research in the humanitarian field. This is both because some of the dilemmas and opportunities that are faced are historically new, and because some of them are timeless. Ignorance is no excuse for repeating old mistakes or making new ones”
Acupalpus schnitteri JAEGER 1999
No full textAcupalpus (s.str.) schnitteri JAEGER 1999, nov. status I s r a e l: Golan: Bental Reservoir, W Merom Golan, ca. 1000 m (stony wetland near shore), 30.IV.2006, Wrase leg. [21] (3 spcms., cWR). Previously described from Israel (Lower Galilee: Meron) as subspecies of A. suturalis DEJEAN 1829 but by being fairly different from this species it is ranked here as distinct species. Beside the types there were only two female specimens from Syria (Sanameïn) available, obviously belonging to the new taxon but the author underlined that males should corroborate the occurrence in Syria. As obviously rare or at most only locally distributed, these records seem worthy to be registered as giving justified reason of assumption that the species really occurs in areas west of the Golan.Published as part of Wrase, DW, 2009, New or interesting records of Carabid beetles from Europe, Madeira, northern Africa, Turkey, from the Near East, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, and Pakistan, with nomenclatorial and taxonomic notes (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Bembidiini, Brachinini, Cyclosomini, Elaphrini, Harpalini, Lebiini, Nebriini, Platynini,, pp. 901-935 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (1) on page 906, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.527633
T869 Climate change: from science to lived experience. The lived experience of climate change: water case study on the nile and rhine river basins
No full textThis project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This
publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission
cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained
therein.The Lived experience of climate change: interdisciplinary e-module development and virtual mobility project concerns education and lifelong learning in relation to climate change, to contribute to an informed and active European citizenry and to inform EU policy on this major challenge. Focusing on the lived experiences of climate change -- how individuals, communities and organisations conceive and respond to its perceived local impacts (e.g. extreme weather, biodiversity changes) – the project complements other work in the area. Through collaboration between nine participating institutions, designing innovative teaching modules and a virtual learning space, it aims to create a European community of scholars, students and citizens who collectively make a major contribution to the United Nations decade on education for sustainable development.
This document contains “The Lived Experience of Climate Change: Water case study on the Nile and Rhine river basins”.504269-LLP-1-2009-1-UK-ERASMUS-ECDS
The monitoring of the rights of the child: a child rights-based approach
No full textPhDDue to the lacunae between legal obligations to human rights and the actual situation,
monitoring is an essential component of the international and national human rights system.
Monitoring illuminates the situation of human rights commitments and ensures the relevancy
of instruments. The thesis explores monitoring in relation to the rights of the child and
submits that a child rights-based approach is essential. Monitoring should not only consider
the status and nature of child rights, but a child rights-based approach should also guide
efforts so that they improve as well as reflect and respect children's rights.
The study defines monitoring and describes a child rights-based approach. As a subject of
legal investigation, the thesis then addresses several questions. How do international and
national monitoring efforts respect child rights? How have the supervision of international
conference agreements supported child rights? Furthermore, how do different countries
monitor? National activities are examined through case studies of two Commonwealth
countries: Canada and South Africa. Then, analysis is presented about how actors interpret
and execute monitoring and the significance of different approaches. Lastly, the rationale,
challenges and existing support of a child rights-based approach are discussed. In sum, a
child rights-based approach is not generally utilised and the implications of child rights upon
the monitoring process are not yet realised. Most monitors, whether international, regional
or domestic, inadequately consider the demands of child rights upon the process of
ascertaining the situation of children's rights. Proposed guidelines are appended to support
a child rights-based approach to monitoring
