1,720,958 research outputs found
La Completa inibizione della via di segnale mTORC1 è necessaria per la soppressione dell’epatocancerogenesi indotta dall’iperespressione dei protooncogeni AKT e N-Ras nel topo
Full text linkAim:Concomitant expression of activated forms of AKT and Ras protooncogenes in the mouse liver leads to rapid tumor development via strong activity of the mTORC1 pathway. In mouse hepatocytes, mTORC1 functions by regulating the p70S6K/RPS6 and 4E-BP1/eIF4E cascades. We investigated the effect of mTORC1 inhibition on hepatocarcinogenesis driven by AKT and Ras co-expression.Methods:Activated forms of AKT and Ras genes were injected together withRaptorfl/fl(conditional knockout) and Cre recombinase via hydrodynamic injection in mice to allow the expression of AKT and Ras in mTORC1 deleted hepatocytes. AKT/Ras mice were treated with Rapamycin, which inhibits p-RPS6 without affecting p-4E-BP1, for 7 weeks (starting immediately after hydrodynamic injection). 4E-BP1A4, an unphophorylable mutant of 4E-BP1, was co-injected with AKT and Ras into the mouse liver.Results:Disruption of mTORC1 byRaptorablation completely inhibited AKT/Ras induced hepatocarcinogenesisin vivo. Blocking of RPS6 pathway via Rapamycin effectively inhibited AKT/Ras induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Liver tissues from Rapamycin treated mice showed small clusters of lipid-rich preneoplastic cells with few proliferating cells. Inhibition of 4E-BP1/eIF4E cascade by injection of 4E-BP1A4 significantly delayed AKT/Ras induced liver tumor progression. However, over long term, large liver tumors eventually developed in AKT/Ras/4EBP1A4 mice. Combined treatment with Rapamycin and 4E-BP1A4 completely suppressed AKT/Ras hepatocarcinogenesis.Conclusion:Complete inhibition of mTORC1 is required to suppress liver cancer development induced by AKT and Ras protooncogenes in mice. The two major downstream effectors of mTORC1, RPS6 and 4E-BP1/eIF4E, are both required for AKT/Ras-driven hepatocarcinogenesis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
La Completa inibizione della via di segnale mTORC1 è necessaria per la soppressione dell’epatocancerogenesi indotta dall’iperespressione dei protooncogeni AKT e N-Ras nel topo
No full textAim: Concomitant expression of activated forms of AKT and Ras protooncogenes in the mouse liver leads to rapid tumor development via strong activity of the mTORC1 pathway. In mouse hepatocytes, mTORC1 functions by regulating the p70S6K/RPS6 and 4E-BP1/eIF4E cascades. We investigated the effect of mTORC1 inhibition on hepatocarcinogenesis driven by AKT and Ras co-expression.
Methods: Activated forms of AKT and Ras genes were injected together with Raptorfl/fl (conditional knockout) and Cre recombinase via hydrodynamic injection in mice to allow the expression of AKT and Ras in mTORC1 deleted hepatocytes. AKT/Ras mice were treated with Rapamycin, which inhibits p-RPS6 without affecting p-4E-BP1, for 7 weeks (starting immediately after hydrodynamic injection). 4E-BP1A4, an unphophorylable mutant of 4E-BP1, was co-injected with AKT and Ras into the mouse liver.
Results: Disruption of mTORC1 by Raptor ablation completely inhibited AKT/Ras induced hepatocarcinogenesis in vivo. Blocking of RPS6 pathway via Rapamycin effectively inhibited AKT/Ras induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Liver tissues from Rapamycin treated mice showed small clusters of lipid-rich preneoplastic cells with few proliferating cells. Inhibition of 4E-BP1/eIF4E cascade by injection of 4E-BP1A4 significantly delayed AKT/Ras induced liver tumor progression. However, over long term, large liver tumors eventually developed in AKT/Ras/4EBP1A4 mice. Combined treatment with Rapamycin and 4E-BP1A4 completely suppressed AKT/Ras hepatocarcinogenesis.
Conclusion: Complete inhibition of mTORC1 is required to suppress liver cancer development induced by AKT and Ras protooncogenes in mice. The two major downstream effectors of mTORC1, RPS6 and 4E-BP1/eIF4E, are both required for AKT/Ras-driven hepatocarcinogenesis.</br
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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