10 research outputs found
Περὶ χρωμάτων (Peri chrōmatōn): Colour formation and investigation method
No full textIn this essay, the attention is focused on the method used to investigate colours, as produced in nature. This method was proposed by the author of the treatise Peri chrōmatōn, which has become part of the Corpus Aristotelicum. The colours are first divided into two large categories, simple and mixed, in accordance with other scientific and philosophical approaches. Simple (primary) colours are considered to be white and yellow, and are associated with the elements (air, water, earth, and fire/sun); black is also associated with the elements as they transform into one another. This division is new in comparison with previous theories based on two or four fundamental colours. The endless range of colours seen in objects, plants and animals, is connected to the mechanisms of mixing different qualities and quantities, inherent in what it comes into contact with, and in the consequent changes, in conditions and states of matter, in the incidence of light, qualitatively and quantitatively different. The heuristic reference scheme and the analogical model are represented by the dyeing process. The essentially phenomenological treatise contains historically significant insights: no colour can be seen in its purity; the reciprocal interaction of colours; the variability of conditions that determine the chromatic impression; light as a component of mixtures, and its diversity depending on the source; and the chromatic value of shade. In it, we can also see the formation of a classification of colours and a nomenclature, founded on the relationship of distinct chromatic notations with light and darknes
D-dimer testing, with gender-specific cutoff levels, is of value to assess the individual risk of venous thromboembolic recurrence in non-elderly patients of both genders: a post hoc analysis of the DULCIS study
No full textMale patients, especially the young, are at a higher risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (RVTE) than females. Recent scientific reports show the use of D-dimer does not help predict RVTE risk in males. In the present report, we reviewed the data obtained in the DULCIS study (main report published in Blood 2014), focusing on D-dimer results recorded in non-elderly patients of both genders included in the study, and their relationship with RVTE events occurring during follow-up. Using specifically designed cutoff values for positive/negative interpretation, serial D-dimer measurements (performed during warfarin treatment and up to 3 months after discontinuation of anticoagulation) in 475 patients (males 57.3%) aged ≤ 65 years were obtained. D-dimer resulted positive in 46.3% and 30.5% of males and females, respectively (p = 0.001). Following management procedure, anticoagulation was stopped in 53.7% of males and 69.5% of females, who had persistently negative D-dimer results. The rate of subsequent recurrent events was 1.7% (95% CI 0.5-4.5%) and 0.4% (95% CI 0-2.5%) patient-years in males and females, respectively, with upper limits of confidence intervals always below the level of risk considered acceptable by international scientific societies for stopping anticoagulation (< 5%). In conclusion, using sensitive quantitative assays with specifically designed cutoff values and serial measurements during and after discontinuation of anticoagulation, D-dimer testing is useful to predict the risk of RVTE and is of help in deciding the duration of anticoagulation in both male and female adult patients aged up to 65 years
Recurrent Thrombotic Events after Discontinuation of Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment for Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
No full textIt is generally recommended that patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) should receive a minimum of 3 months of anticoagulant treatment. However, little information is available on the long-term risk of recurrent thrombotic events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of venous and arterial thrombosis after discontinuation of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) in SVT patients. Retrospective information from a cohort of SVT patients treated with VKA and followed by 37 Italian Anticoagulation Clinics, up to June 2013, was collected. Only patients who discontinued VKA and did not receive any other anticoagulant drug were enrolled in this study. Thrombotic events during follow-up were centrally adjudicated. Ninety patients were included: 33 unprovoked SVT, 27 SVT secondary to transient risk factors, and 30 with permanent risk factors. During a median follow-up of 1.6 years, 6 venous and 1 arterial thrombosis were documented, for an incidence of 3.3/100 patient-years (pt-y). The recurrence rate was highest in the first year after VKA discontinuation (8.2/100'pt-y) and in patients with permanent risk factors (10.2/100'pt-y). Liver cirrhosis significantly increased the risk of recurrence. In conclusion, the rate of recurrent vascular complications after SVT is not negligible, at least in some patient subgroups
Predictive value of the Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) endoscopic classification on the outcome of diverticular disease of the colon: An international study
No full textBackground: Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) endoscopic classification has been recently developed for patients suffering from diverticulosis and diverticular disease. Aims: We assessed retrospectively the predictive value of DICA in patients for whom endoscopic data and clinical follow-up were available. Methods: For each patient, we recorded: age, severity of DICA, presence of abdominal pain, C-reactive protein and faecal calprotectin test (if available) at the time of diagnosis; months of follow-up; therapy taken during the follow-up to maintain remission (if any); occurrence/recurrence of diverticulitis; need of surgery. Results: We enrolled 1651 patients (793 M, 858 F, mean age 66.6 ± 11.1 years): 939 (56.9%) patients were classified as DICA 1, 501 (30.3%) patients as DICA 2 and 211 (12.8%) patients as DICA 3. The median follow-up was 24 (9–38) months. Acute diverticulitis (AD) occurred/recurred in 263 (15.9%) patients; surgery was necessary in 57 (21.7%) cases. DICA was the only factor significantly associated to the occurrence/recurrence of diverticulitis and surgery either at univariate (χ2= 405.029; p < 0.0001) or multivariate analysis (hazard ratio = 4.319, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.639–5.126; p < 0.0001). Only in DICA 2 patients was therapy effective for prevention of AD occurrence/recurrence with a hazard ratio (95% CI) of 0.598 (0.391–0.914) (p = 0.006, log rank test). Mesalazine-based therapies reduced the risk of AD occurrence/recurrence and needs of surgery with a hazard ratio (95% CI) of 0.2103 (0.122–0.364) and 0.459 (0.258–0.818), respectively. Conclusions: DICA classification is a valid parameter to predict the risk of diverticulitis occurrence/recurrence in patients suffering from diverticular disease of the colon
PREDICTIVE VALUE OF THE DICA” ENDOSCOPIC CLASSIFICATION ON THE OUTCOME OF THE DIVERTICULAR DISEASE OF THE COLON: AN INTERNATIONAL STUDY
No full textThe “dica” endoscopic classification for diverticular disease of the colon shows a significant interobserver agreement among community endoscopists
No full textBACKGROUND AND AIM:
An endoscopic classification of Diverticular Disease (DD), called DICA (Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment) is currently available. It scores severity of the disease as DICA 1, DICA 2 and DICA 3. Our aim was to assess the agreement levels for this classification among an endoscopist community setting.
METHODS:
A total of 66 endoscopists independently scored a set of DD endoscopic videos. The percentages of overall agreement on the DICA score and a free-marginal multirater kappa (κ) coefficient were reported as statistical measures of the inter-rater agreement.
RESULTS:
The overall agreement levels were: 70.2% for DICA 1, 70.5% for DICA 2, 81.3% for DICA 3. The free marginal κ was: 0.553 for DICA 1, 0.558 for DICA 2, 0.719 for DICA 3. The agreement levels among the expert group were: 78.8% for DICA 1, 80.2% for DICA 2, 88.5% for DICA 3. The free marginal κ among the expert group were: 0.682 for DICA 1, 0.712 for DICA 2, 0.828 for DICA 3. The agreement of expert raters on the single item of the DICA classification was superior to the agreement of the overall group.
CONCLUSIONS:
The overall inter-rater agreement for DICA score in this study ranges from moderate to good, with a significant improvement in the expert subgroup of raters. Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment is a simple and reproducible endoscopic scoring system
Safety of vitamin K antagonist treatment for splanchnic vein thrombosis: A multicenter cohort study
No full textBackground: The treatment of splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is challenging, due to the increased risk of bleeding and potentially life-threatening complications. Current recommendations are based on evidence from the treatment of venous thrombosis in usual sites, but small observational studies in SVT population suggest that the bleeding risk may offset the benefit of anticoagulant treatment in this setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in SVT patients. Methods: We retrospectively included SVT patients treated with VKAs followed by 37 Italian anticoagulation clinics, until June 2013. The primary outcome was the incidence of major bleeding (MB), according to the ISTH definition, during VKA treatment. Vascular events, including both arterial and venous thrombosis, and mortality were also documented. Results: Three hundred and seventy-five patients were included (median age 53 years; 54.7% males). During a median VKA treatment duration of 1.98 years, 15 MB events occurred, corresponding to an incidence rate of 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-2.06) per 100 patient-years. Gastrointestinal bleeding represented 40% of all MB events. At multivariate analysis, the presence of esophageal varices emerged as independent predictor of MB (hazard ratio 5.4; 95% CI, 1.4-21.1). The incidence rate of vascular events on treatment was 1.37 (95% CI, 0.84-2.23) per 100 patient-years and the mortality rate was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.44-1.54) per 100 patient-years. Conclusions: Selected SVT patients followed by anticoagulation clinics for the management of VKA treatment show a low rate of major bleeding and vascular events
Review for Religious - Issue 08.1 (January 1949)
No full textIssue 8.1 of the Review for Religious, 1949.0 A.M.D.G. ~
Review for Religious
JANUARY 15, 1949
Sancta~ EcclesiaCatholica . . . . . . . . . . .
ocafionsCosfMoney...’~,.-~, ~. .... PeterM. Miller
.B....a...p. ~t i.s...m... ..... Cal r e n Mce :A c ull fet
The Spirit of Poverty ~.~ . . . ¯ . . . . . Joseph F. Gallen
Decisions of the Holy See
Ouestlons Answered s~ Book Reviews
VOLU~E VII}. .~. NUrvIBEP, I
RI VII::W FOR Ri:::LIGIOUS
VOLUME VIII JANUARY, 1949 -NUMBER 1
CONTENTS
SANCTA ECCLESIA CATHOLICAMJ. Putz, S.J ......... 3
VOCATIONS COST MONEY--Peter M. Miller, S.C.J .....1..8.
OUR CONTRIBUTORS ................. 24
BAPTISM--A DEATH AND RESURReCTION--Clarence McAuliffe, S.J2.5
A REPRINT SERIES--MAYBE! .............. 34
THE SPIRIT OF POVERTY--Joseph F. Gall n, S.J ......3..5
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS--
1. Jubilee Gifts and the Spirit of Poverty .......... 43
2. Moderator Keeps Acrit~itg Funds in his own Room ...... 44
3. Asperges at Community Mass ............. 44
4. Alms to Beggars .................. 44
5. Vows of Novice Postponed Five Days .......... 45
6. Report by Administrator of Patrimony .......... 4~
7. Sunday Mass Obligation of Excommunicated Persons ..... 45
DECISIONS OF THE HOLY SEE .............. 46
BOOK REVIEWS--
Discourses on Our Lady; The Prayer Life of a Religious; In Spirit and in
Truth .............. ~ ....... 47
BOOK NOTICES .................... 49
VOCATIONAL LITERATURE ............... 54
MY MASS .......... ’ ......... ~ ¯ . ¯ 55
BOOK ANNOUNCEMENTS ................ 56
REVIEW FOR RELIGIOUS, January. 1949. Vol. VIII, No. 1. Published bi-monthly:
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Review f:or Religious
Volume VIII
January--December, 1949
Published at
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Edi÷ed by
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REVIEW FOR RELIGIOUS
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Sancta I::cclesia Ca hollca
J. Putz, S.J.
THE world needs saints; in our time especially. It needs them not
only for their supernatural merits and the great works they
achieve; it needs saints to lo6k up to, to admire, to venerate.
The more it is sunk in scepticism and mediocrity, in selfishness and
materialism, the more it needs saints, witnesses of the invisible, living
proofs of what human nature is capable of--a standard and an
inspiration. The mere presence or’memory of saints is a blessing for
mankind.
To behold the saints is, in Newman’s comparison, like coming
out of a dark cave and discovering the sunlight. In the saints man-kind
discovers the meaning of human dignity, the true standards of
right and good. "It is the great mystics," wrote the French phi-
Iosopher Bergson, "that have carried and still carry along with the’m
the civilized societies. The recollection of what they have been, of
what they have done, haunts the memory of mankind." Carlyle’;~
well-known utterances on hero-worship apply particularly to the
cult of the saints, mankind’s most genuine heroes: "The manner of
men’s hero-worship," he wrote, "verily it is the innermost.fact of
their existence and determines all the rest. [What would he say if he
came back and found that the chief "heroes" of countless boys and
girls are now the movie stars?] No nobler feeling than this of admi-ration
for one higher than himself dwells in the breast of man. It is
to this hour, and at all hours, the vivifying influence in man’s life
.... No sadder proof can be given by a man of his own littleness than
disbelief in great men .... Not by flattering our appetites; no, by
awakening the Heroic that slumbers in every heart, can any religion
gain followers." (On Heroes and Hero-worship.)
Holiness inanifested in great saints has ever been a mark of tbe
Church of Christ. -.
"Holiness begins from Christ; by Christ it is effected .... His
inexhaustible fulness is the fount of grace and glory. Our Saviour is
continually pouring out His gifts of counsel, fortitude, fear and
piety, especially on the leading members of His Body, so that the
whole Body may grow daily in spotless holiness ....
J. PUTZ Review for Religious
"He not only cares for each individual, but also watches over the
whole Church: enligh~tening and fortifying her rulers for the faithful
and fruitful discharge of their functions; and-~especially when
times are difficult--raising up in the bosom of Mother Church men
and women of conspicuous holiness, who will be an inspiration to the
rest of Christendom, for the perfecting of the Mystical Body."
(Plus XII, Mgstici Corporis; nn. 49 ~A 37 of the E.C.T.S. edition.)
?it all times, and especially during the dark periods of history,
the Church has been rich in admirable saints. Canonized saints, it is
true, are relatively few; for canonization has become a long and
complicated process and consequently is reserved to those whom for
special reasons the Church singles out from among the great army of
men and women who in the cloister or in the world have closely and
heroically followed in the footsteps of Christ.
Since the beginning of his pontificate, Plus XII has proclaimed
44 new beati (among them 29 martyrs) and 12 saints. These
Christian heroes, of whom we may well feel proud, represent a
variety" of conditions and walks of life. Nearly all belong to the
19th century; some of them died in the present century, and their
glorification could be witnessed by friends and relatives who had
been the witnesses of their lives. Thus they prove by their example,
as Plus XII pointed out (in his panegyric of Contardo Ferrini), that
even in our own times it is possible to be a saint.
In his "homilies" (at the canonization ceremony) and with
greater detail in his allocutions to the pilgrims that crowd to Rome
for these solemn functions, th~ Holy Father has underlined the char-acteristics
of each saint and the lessons our times can learn from them.
We shall borrow from him in the following survey.
1939-1946
We can give little more than a bare mention of those beatified or
canonized before 1947, although the story of every one of them is a
fascinating adventure. It will be noted that among those thus
honored by the Church, the foundresses of new religious institutes
predc~minate. This is but one sign of the steadily increasing share
religious women have been taking in the work of the Church, both
at home and in the mission field.
June 18, 1939.--B1. Emily de Vialar (1797-1856), foundress
of the Sisters of St. Joseph of the Apparition for the care of the poor,
sick, and children (some 1,200 at present).
June 25, 1939.-~B1. Justin De Jacobis (1800-1860), an
danuar~, 1949 SANCTA ECCLESIA CATHOLICA.
Italian Lazarist, first vicar apostolic of Abyssinia. In spite of great
difficulties, he converted 12,000 schismatics.
May 2, 1940--St. Mary-Eupbrasia (1796-!868), foundress of
the Good Shepherd of Angers (at present, 39 provinces with over
I0,000 members) and of the Penitents of St. Magdalen (at present
over 3,000). She was beatified in 1933.
May 2, 1940.--St. Gemma Galgani (1878-1903), ~:irgin;
famous mystic; prevented by her infirmities from becoming a reli-gious.
Was beatified in 1933.
May 12, 1940.--B1. Philippine Duchesne (1769-1852), of the
Society of the Sacred Heart of Jesus; went as a missionary to North
America, where she established the Sisters of the Sacred Heart.
May 19, 1940.--BI. Joaquina de Vedruna (1783-1854), first
married to a nobleman of Vich (Spain), had nine children; after her
husband’s death founded the Carmelites of Charity of Vich, for the
care of the poor and the sick (at present some 2,000 in Spain and
Latin America).
May 26, 1940.--B1. Mary-Crucified Di Rosa (1813-1855),
foundress of the Servants of Charity of Brescia (Italy), for the care
of the sick, the education of children and the preservation of young
girls (at present, about 3,000 members).
dune 9, 1940.--BI. Emily de Rodat (1787-1852), foundress of
the Congregation of the Holy Famih.j of Villefranche (France).
dune 16, 1940:--B1. Ignatius de Laconi (1701-1781), a
Capuchin lay Brother; most of his humble but apostolic life was
spent in Cagliari (Sardinia).
December 7, 1940.--B1. Maddalena de Canosso (1744-1835),
foundress of the Daughters of Charity, Servants of the Poor (3,500
members in 30 provinces).
War conditions suspended all solemn functions during the next
years. By decretal letter of November 19, 1943, Margaret of
Hungary (1242-1271) was inscribed in the catalogue of saints on
the strength of the liturgical cult she had been receiving uninter-ruptedly
(equivalent to canonization). She was a daughter of
Bela IV, Kin~ of Hungary; at twelve she made her religious pro-fession
in a Dominican monastery, and not even the offer of the
throne of Bohemia could bring her back to the world.
The first canonization after the war (July 7, 1946) was that of
Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini (1850-1917), foundress of the
Institute of the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart. Though
J. PUTZ Reoiew for Religious
an Italian, most of her extensive and tireless work was done in
America, where she became "the mother of the Italian emigrants in
the United States." She crossed the Atlantic twenty-four times.
Eventually she was naturalized an American, so that she is "the first
American Saint." "With an exterior life extraordinarily active she
joined an interior and contemplative life of rare intensity; that is the
secret of her prodigious apostolate" (Plus XII).
That same year saw three beatifications:
October 20, 1946.--B1. Marie-Therese de Soubiran (1834-
1889). Born of an illustrious family, she founded in 1864 the
Society of Marie Auxiliatrice, charac’terized by nocturnal adoration
and the modern apostolate of the working girls. Ten years later,
until her death, she underwent a trial that is probably unique in the
history of religious foundations. Her assistant, an ambitious and
scheming woman who wanted to take her place, accused her of mis-management
and succeeded in convincing the ecclesiastical authorities
as well as Teresa’s first director, Fr. Ginhac. Abandoned by all,
ignominiously expelled from the institute she had founded, she did
not utter a word "lest souls might suffer greater scandal" and set out
on her Calvary into the cold, dark night. After knocking vainly at
the doors of contemplative convents, she found refuge in a hospital
until she was received into the Order of Our Lady of Charity. There
she spent the last fifteen years of her life, in agony of soul, while her
own institute was being led towards ruin. For years she was
assailed by doubts and temptations, yet with heroic resignation
carried her cross till the end. She died a year beforethe true character
of her rival and successor was found out and her institute saved from
ruin.
October 27, 1946.--BI. Teresa-Eustochium Verzeri (1801-
1852). Born in Bergamo, Italy; she attempted the Benedictine life
three times, but attacks of epilepsy forced her to leave. Through her
trials, Providence guided this gifted and strong woman towards the
foundation of a new religious institute for the education of girls, the
Daughters of the Sacred Heart,
Nooerober 24, I946.--Twenty-nine Boxer Martyrs. The
Chinese nationalist "Boxer" rising of 1900, anti-foreign and espe-cially
anti-Christian, proved to be one of the bloodiest persecutions
the Church has ever suffered. The victims are estimated to have
been 100, 000, among them many missionaries: Franciscans, Lazarists,
Jesuits, Foreign Missionaries of Paris, Scheutists. The cause of
6
danuarg, 1949 SANCTA ECCLESIA CATHOLICA
beatification of 2,418 martyrs of the Franciscan missions was intro-duced
in 1926; but eventually, in order to speed up the process,
29 were singled out for beatification: 15 Europeans, viz., 8 Fran-ciscans
(3 Bishops, 4 priests and 1 lay Brother), and 7 Franciscan
Missionaries of Mary: among these 8 were Italian, 5 French, 1 Bel-gian,
1 Dutch; 14 Chinese, 5 of whom were seminarists and 9 mis-sion
servants: all of these, except three servants, were Franciscan
tertiaries.
The brief "of beatification declares that they were killed not
merely as foreigners, but in odium catholfcae £dei. In his panegyric
the Holy Father observed that "the grace of martyrdom is generally,
on the part of God, the crowning of a whole series of graces that
gradually lead up to it; just as, on the part of man, the witness of
blood is ordinarily the final gem of a long correspondence to grace."
1947
This year began with three beatifications, which were followed
by five canonizations, giving us three new beati and eight saints
(several saints being canonized together).
April 13, 1947.~B1. Contardo Ferrini (1859-1902). "Most
of those who reach the honours of beatification are religious men
and women having lived far from the world. It would be useful, I
think, for the edification of certain circles, to raise to the altars a marl
who has magnificently united holiness of life and purity of faith with
the scientific exigencies of a professorial chair. This would give the
professors and students of our universities a worthy and appropriate
patron." Thus wrote M~r. Duchesne when the cause of Contardo
Ferrini was introduced. On April 13th of this year the Saint in the
froch-coat (as he was cai~ed by Benedict XV, who greatly admired
him) was beatified in the presence of a great number of professors and
graduates, some of whom had been his colleagues or students.
Born in Milan, Contardo Ferrini, after distinguished studies in
Italy and Germany, occupied the chair of Roman Law at the uni-versities
of Messina, Modena, and finally Pavia. That is the
whole history of his short life. He wrote abundantly and soon
acquired an international reputation as the leading specialist in his
subject; no less an authority than Theodore Mommsen declared that,
for the history of Greco-Roman Law, the primacy was passing from
Germany to Italy thanks to Ferrini, and that the 20th century would
be the century of Ferrini as the 19th century had been that of von
Savigny.
J. PUTZ Retffeto for Religious
He shone no less by his’holiness. Man is an ens fnitum quod
tendit ad infinitum, he wrote in one of his books--and he practised
it. A Franciscan tertiary, he led a celibate and ascetical life in the
world, seeking light and strength in his daily programme of spir-itual
exercises: Communion, meditation, the rosary, and visit to the
131essed Sacrament. His arduous and highly specialized work wzs
not something by the side of his spiritual life; he considered it as
his way of serving God and the Church. His scientific achievements;
his simple and deep piety--"he prayed like an angel," his exquisite
charity, made of him "a living apology of the faith and of Catholic
life." (Cardinal Pacelli, on Feb. 8, 1931, date of the decree on the
heroism of Ferrini’s virtues.)
April 27, 1947. ’131. Maria Goretti (1890-1902) virgin and
martyr. It was fitting that our "aphrodisiac civilization" should see
the glorification of one who died in defense of purity. Maria Goretti
was born in a little village some 30 miles from Rome, from poor but
deeply Christian parents. When she was not yet quite twelve, an
18 year-old neighbour, Alexander Serenelli, took a violent passion
for her, but Maria ~efused to listen to his evil suggestions. On July
5, 1902, when she was alone in the house, Alexander approached
her, carrying a dagger and decided to have his way. Exasperated by
her resistance, he plunged the dagger into her breast. Her last words
were words of forgiveness for her murderer. Alexander was sentenced
to-30 years. In prison he repented and afterwards was a witness in
the process of beatification.
Among the unusually vast crowd that thronged St. Peter’s on
April 27tb were Maria’s own mother, brother, and two sisters. In
his allocution to the pilgrims (largely Catholic Actioia groups of
girls) on the following day, the Holy Father congratulated, the
mother for "the incomparable happiness of having seen her daughter
elevated to the glory of the altars." Maria, he added, is the mature
fruit of a Christian home with its old, simple method of education,
"of a home where one prays, where the children are brought up in
the fear of God, in obedience to their parents, in the love of truth and
self-respect; accustomed to be satisfied with little and to give a helping
hand .... " Comparing Maria with St. Agnes, the Pope remarked
that the delicate grace of these adolescent girls might make us overlook
their fortitude; yet strength is the characteristic virtue of virgins and
of martyrs.
"How great is the error of those who consider virginity as an
danuarg, 1949 SANCTA ECCLESIA CATHOLICA
effect of the ignorance and ingenuousness of little souls without
passion, without ardour, without experience, and therefore accord it
only a smile of pity! How can be who has surrendered without
struggle imagine what strength it requires to dominate, without a
moment of weakness, the secret stirrings and urgings of the senses and
of the heart which adolescence awakens in our fallen nature? to resist,
without a single compromise, the thousand little curiosities which
impel one to see, to listen, to taste, to feel, and thus approach the lips
to the intoxicating cup ,and inhale the deadly perfume of the flower
of evil? to move through the turpitudes of the world with a fir’mness "
that is superior to all temptations, to all threats, to all seductive or
mocking looks?
"No. Agnes in the vortex of pagan society; Aloysius Gonzaga
at the elegantly licentious courts of the Renaissance; Maria Goretti
living close to, and pursued by, the passion of shameless persons:
they were neither ignorant nor impassible, but they were strong,
strong with that supernatural strength of which every Christian
receives the seed in baptism Idu[ which must be cultivated by a careful
eduation ....
"Our Beata was a strong soul. She knew and understood; and
that is precisely why she preferred to die .... She was not merely an
innocent ’ingenue,’ instinctively frightened by the shadow of sin.
She was not sustained solely by a natural feeling of modesty. No.
Though still young, she already gave clear signs of the intensity and
depth of her love for the divine Redeemer .... "
The Holy Father then denounced present-day public immorality
and called on Catholics to react boldly.
"Woe to the world because of scandals! "Woe to those who con-sciously
and deliberately corrupt souls by the novel, the newspaper,
the periodical, the theatre, the film, the immodest fashion! . . . Woe
to those fathers and mothers who, through lack of energy and
prudence, give in to every caprice of their sons and daughters, and
renounce that paternal and maternal authority which is like a reflec-tion
of the divine majesty! But woe also to so many Christians in
name and appearance, who, if only they wanted could rise against
the evil and would be supported by legions of right-minded persons
ready to fight scandal with every means!
"Legal justice punishes the child’s murderer--and it is its duty
to do so. But those who have armed his hand, who have encouraged
him, who let him do with indifference or with an indulgent smile,
J. PuTz Revfeu~ for Religious
what human justice will dare or be able to strike these as they
deserve? Yet they are the real guilty ones. On them--deliberate
corrupters or inactive accomplices--weighs the terrible justice of
God ....
"May the blood of the innocent victim joined to the tears of the
repentant murderer, work the miracle of moving the perverted hearts,
and of opening the eyes and shaking off the torpor of so man’?
indifferent or timid Christians."
May 4, 1947.--B1. Alix Le Clerc (1576-1622). Her spiritual
career began when, after a somewhat worldly adolescence, she came
under the influence of St. Peter Fourier, who was parish priest not
far from her native Remiremont. With him she founded the
Canonesses of St. Augustine of the Congregation of Our Lady. "The
beginnings were very humble, that Christmas night of 1597, whet1
five young women consecrated themselves to God before the whole
parish for the exercise of all kinds of good works among the poor,
the peasants, the ignorant. No vows, no convent. Those conse-crated
were to continue to live with their families, without a religious
habit--neither nuns nor seculars." But in those days the world
could not understand that kind of life and they were obliged to form
a regular religious institute. Guided by circumstances, they made the
education of girls their chief work. In that early 17th century they
were pioneers in the education of women.
Ma~t 15, I947.--St. Nicholas de Flue (1417-1487), a Swiss,
born near the Lake of the Four Cantons, showed himself a great
Christian in the military, civil, and married life before he became a
hermit. As a young man he was for some years a soldier, fighting
for his native canton and rising to the rank of captain. He then
married Dorothy Wyss and was blessed with an offspring of ten
children. A respected citizen, he tookan active part in the civil and
political life of his country and held office as councillor and magis-trate-
all the while spending whole nights in prayer. Suddenly, at
the age of fifty, in 1467, after a vision of the Blessed Trinity, he
resolved that he must leave
36-month clinical outcomes of patients with venous thromboembolism: GARFIELD-VTE
No full textBackground: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Methods: GARFIELD-VTE is a prospective, non-interventional observational study of real-world treatment practices. We aimed to capture the 36-month clinical outcomes of 10,679 patients with objectively confirmed VTE enrolled between May 2014 and January 2017 from 415 sites in 28 countries.Findings: A total of 6582 (61.6 %) patients had DVT alone, 4097 (38.4 %) had PE +/- DVT. At baseline, 98.1 % of patients received anticoagulation (AC) with or without other modalities of therapy. The proportion of patients on AC therapy decreased over time: 87.6 % at 3 months, 73.0 % at 6 months, 54.2 % at 12 months and 42.0 % at 36 months. At 12-months follow-up, the incidences (95 % confidence interval [CI]) of all-cause mortality, recurrent VTE and major bleeding were 6.5 (7.0-8.1), 5.4 (4.9-5.9) and 2.7 (2.4-3.0) per 100 person-years, respectively. At 36-months, these decreased to 4.4 (4.2-4.7), 3.5 (3.2-2.7) and 1.4 (1.3-1.6) per 100 person-years, respectively. Over 36-months, the rate of all-cause mortality and major bleeds were highest in patients treated with parenteral therapy (PAR) versus oral anti-coagulants (OAC) and no OAC, and the rate of recurrent VTE was highest in patients on no OAC versus those on PAR and OAC. The most frequent cause of death after 36-month follow-up was cancer (n = 565, 48.6 %), followed by cardiac (n = 94, 8.1 %), and VTE (n = 38, 3.2 %). Most recurrent VTE events were DVT alone (n = 564, 63.3 %), with the remainder PE, (n = 236, 27.3 %), or PE in combination with DVT (n = 63, 7.3 %).Interpretation: GARFIELD-VTE provides a global perspective of anticoagulation patterns and highlights the accumulation of events within the first 12 months after diagnosis. These findings may help identify treatment gaps for subsequent interventions to improve patient outcomes in this patient population
