130,466 research outputs found
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Study of the effects of aging treatment on astroloy processed via hot isostatic pressing
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Assessment of the reinforcing system and carbides evolution in hot isostatically pressed astroloy after prolonged exposure at 820°C
No full textHot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) is a powder metallurgy technique which densifies metallic powders via the contemporary application of high temperature and pressure. Such manufacturing route demonstrated highly efficient to produce components made of material with low forgeability or castability such as the Ni-based superalloys. Such materials are designed to withstand very high temperatures, which typically are met in aeronautical engines. Despite Astroloy, the Ni-based superalloy studied in the following work, is designed to work in the temperature range of 650–760 °C, only few research papers discussed its thermal stability in depth. In this work, the thermal stability of the alloy was studied in a more demanding condition, i.e., at 820 °C for 200 h. This experimental condition was chosen to assess the effects of repeated exposures of a component above the standard operating temperature. The over-ageing treatment applied to the alloy severely altered its microstructure, causing γ’ coarsening and second phases precipitation. More precisely, σ phase and M23C6 carbides precipitated inside and at the grain boundaries respectively. Nano-indentation trials and tensile tests at high temperature were used to assess how these microstructural alterations impacted on mechanical properties of the material. The main conclusions are: only a slight lowering of tensile properties and a strong increase of ductility was measured after tensile test up to 760 °C, as well as an higher reduction of both tensile properties and ductility when sample were tested at 820 °C
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Spectroscopie d absorption ultrasensible dans l infrarouge des molécules d intérêt astrophysique N2 et C2H2
No full textCette thèse concerne le développement et l exploitation d une nouvelle méthode de spectroscopie infrarouge ultrasensible en phase gazeuse basée sur le couplage de la spectroscopie de Fourier résolue en temps (SFRT) et de la spectroscopie d absorption intracavité laser (ICLAS). Ce couplage permet d'associer les avantages de ces deux techniques: grande sensibilité, limite de résolution Doppler et domaine spectral étendu. Une expérience ICLAS-SFRT basée sur un laser à solide Cr4+:YAG a été mise en place. En accordant l émission de ce laser, il est possible de la placer à l intérieur d une fenêtre atmosphérique où l absorption de l eau dans l air ambiant est moins importante. À ce jour, l accordabilité a été obtenue sous vide entre 1,442 et 1,557 m. L azote et l acétylène sont des molécules d intérêt astrophysique puisqu elles font partie de l atmosphère de nombreuses planètes et satellites. Une expérience ICLAS-SFRT basée sur un laser à semi-conducteur à émission par la surface de type VCSEL a permis d enregistrer entre 1,028 et 1,054 m des spectres d un plasma d azote. Des raies de la bande (0 0) du système B 3 g A 3 u+ de l isotopologue 14N15N ont pu être rapportées pour la première fois, ainsi que des raies des bandes (4-5) et (5-6) du système B 3 g A 3 u+ et (2-0) du système B' 3 u- B 3 g de l isotopologue 14N2. Ensuite, une expérience ICLAS-SFRT basée sur un laser à solide Cr2+:ZnSe a permis l enregistrement de spectres d acétylène entre 2,424 et 2,561 m. Ceci représente l extrême limite atteinte par ICLAS vers l infrarouge. De plus, deux bandes froides 1 + 41 et 3 + 51 de l isotopologue 12C13CH2 ont été attribuées pour la première fois.ORSAY-PARIS 11-BU Sciences (914712101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
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