87,703 research outputs found
Petta Malmgren 1865
No full textPetta Malmgren, 1865 tenuis Caullery, 1944a: off NE Patikul, Sulu Sea. NML 1516Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/492848
Reply to 'Genetic and clinical data reinforce the role of GAS6 and TAM receptors in liver fibrosis'
No full textPKM HAND LINE “KINDAENG” DI KAMPUNG PETTA SELATAN KECAMATAN TABUKAN UTARA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
No full textKampung Petta Selatan yang juga dikenal dengan nama lain kampung Embuhanga terletak di wilayah pesisir yang memiliki penduduk dengan mata pencarian sebagai Pettani dan nelayan. Masyarakat yang berprofesi sebagai nelayan, umumnya hanya mengenal teknik penangkapan ikan dengan penggunakan pancing yang disebut dengan “Paranto”, dimana konstruksinya hanya menggunakan bahan seadanya yang disediakan alam dan pancing ”Kindaeng” yang lebih modern dibandingkan “Palanto”. PKM Hand Line “Kindaeng” di Kampung Petta Selatan, dilakukan dengan mengadakan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya menjaga ekosistem terumbu karang dalam pengoperasian alat tangkap, sehingga operasi penengkapan ikan di Kampung Petta Selatan menjadi penengkapan ikan yang mengarah pada perikanan tangkap bertanggungjawab dan berkelanjutan, serta membuat dan memberikan bahan untuk 10 unit alat tangkap Hand line “Kindaeng”. Melalui kegiatan ini nelayan penangkap ikan dapat melakukan penangkapan ikan secara benar dan tidak berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungannya khususnya terhadap kondisi terumbu karang disekitarnya, dengan demikian usaha ini dapat menjadi sumber meningkatkan taraf hidup demi kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan
Petta pellucida
No full text<i>Petta pellucida</i> (Ehlers, 1887) <p>Fig. 6, Table 2</p> <p> <i>Pectinaria</i> (<i>Petta</i>) <i>pellucida</i> Ehlers, 1887: 194–199, Taf. 44, Fig. 1–9.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Syntypes, MCZ ANNc-2559, 1 specimen in tube and 1 empty tube, Santarem Channel between Cay Sal Bank and Bahamas, Caribbean Sea, 270 m, coll. S. Bibb & L. F. Pourtales in 1868–1869.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Two complete tubes, one with specimen, broken, dried and twisted, yellow (Fig. 6 A–C).</p> <p>Based on damaged type. Operculum with 11 pairs of amber-coloured, long stout paleae curved dorsally, ending in blunt tips (Fig. 6A).</p> <p>Notopodia of segment 1 with paleae, other notopodia with two rows of different chaetae; anterior row with shorter chaetae with distal serrated wings, anterior surface below wing to about mid-basal portion of chaeta covered with numerous minute spines; posterior row with longer capillary chaetae, straight and stout, tapering to acute tips, anterior surface covered with numerous spines from mid-length to tip (Fig. 6 F–H). Neuropodia each with a transverse row of uncini on torus; each uncinus with one rounded anterior peg with blunt tip embedded into torus, followed by several rows of minor teeth on a swelling, one longitudinal row of two major teeth, both covered by many small teeth basally (Fig. 6 I–G). Last segment with notochaetae and neurochaetae (Fig. 6D).</p> <p>Scaphe contorted, 7 pairs of amber-coloured scaphal hooks arising from both sides of dorsal margin of scaphe, with blunt tips weakly curved dorsally (Fig. 6 D–E).</p> <p>Tubes slightly curved, almost straight, robust, made of large sand grains (Fig. 6B).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Santarem Channel between Cay Sal Bank and Bahamas, Caribbean (Fig. 1). Known only from the type locality.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> 270 m, no information on sediments available.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The syntypes of <i>P. pellucida</i> are in poor condition and the label indicates that the material has dried out at some stage. This means that characters such as shape of cephalic veil and scaphe, number of segments with neurochaetae, presence of dorso-lateral pads in segment 5, and the shape of anal flap could not be examined. According to the description of Ehlers (1887), <i>P. pellucida</i> differs from <i>P. pusilla</i> in having a smooth anterior acute tip of the cephalic veil, a pair of ventral lobes on segment 1, and a narrow deep notch between ventral lobes of segment 2.</p> <p> We disagree with Nilsson (1928) ’s suggestion that <i>P. pusilla</i> and <i>P. pellucida</i> are synonymous as they were collected from very different biogeographical areas and we list characters distinguishing these species in Table 2. <i>Petta pellucida</i> is easily distinguished from <i>P. assimilis</i> that has continuous row of lappets on the ventro-lateral lobes of segment 3, whereas <i>P. pellucida</i> has smooth ventro-lateral lobes on segment 3. <i>Petta pellucida</i> has neurochaetae from segments 7 onwards according to Ehlers (1887), whereas in other all pectinariid species neurochaetae occur from segment 8. However, this cannot be confirmed on the type and perhaps Ehlers misinterpreted the segment numbering.</p> <p> <i>Petta tenuis</i> Caullery, 1944</p> <p>Figs 7–8, Table 2</p> <p> <i>Petta tenuis</i> Caullery, 1944: 75, Fig. 61.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Syntypes 2 specimens and 1 empty tube: NBC ZMA V.Pol. 1516, Sulu, Philippines 6º07.998´N 121º19.002´E, 275 m depth.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Based on both syntypes, although one has been dried and become twisted (Fig. 7 B–C). Preserved specimens pale in colour. Body cylindrical, curved dorsally (Fig. 7 B–D). Body length 16.6 and 18.9 mm including paleae and scaphe, width 2.2 and 2.3 mm at cephalic regions.</p> <p>Cephalic veil heart-shaped with pointed median extension, free from operculum, with smooth margins (Fig. 7 E–F). Pair of ventro-lateral ear-shaped lobes (palps) adjacent to dorsal base of cephalic veil. Buccal tentacles short, with longitudinal grooves, arising from around buccal cavity, posterior to cephalic veil (Fig. 7F). Ventral lower lip not visible between buccal cavity and segment 1 (Fig. 7F).</p> <p>Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins short and smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 11 pairs of amber-coloured, stout paleae, curved dorsally, and with long pointed tips (Fig. 7C).</p> <p>First pair of tentacular cirri annulated, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge, not extending beyond tips of paleae, cirri elongated with rounded tips arising from triangular base (Fig. 7E, G). Pair of long narrow ventral lappets present on segment 1, arising under ventral lobes of segment 2 (Fig. 7 E–F). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Fig. 7 E–F).</p> <p> Second pair of tentacular cirri almost same length as first, weakly annulated, and slightly displaced dorsally, inserted on latero-median connecting ridge of segment 2 (Fig. 7E, G) more elongated than 1 st pair arising from triangular base. Segment 2 with pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated from each other by narrow deep mid-ventral groove, left ventro-lateral lobe with 5 triangular lappets and right ventro-lateral lobe with 4 triangular lappets on one type (Fig. 7E, G), but not possible to count on the other type.</p> <p> Two pairs of similar sized comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of large basal hump and series of loose flat lamellae (Fig. 7H). First pair of branchiae on segment 3 inserted more ventrally than 2 nd pair.</p> <p>Pair of dorso-lateral pads small and smooth, arising from dorsal side of notopodia on segment 5 (Fig. 7 G–H).</p> <p>Distinct ventral glandular lobes (pads) present on segments 2–7, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3–5 (Fig. 7 D–E). Hump near branchiae absent on ventral lobes of segment 4 (Fig. 7G). Segment 3 with a pair of smooth broad ventro-lateral lobes and a pair of mid-ventral lappets, separated from those by deep notches; ventro-lateral lobes with a triangular projection on ventral margin; mid-ventral lappets narrow about 1/6 length of ventro-lateral lobes, and more posterior than ventro-lateral lobes (Fig. 7E). Segments 4–6 with a pair of long ventro-lateral lobes separated by a shallow median groove becoming progressively broader on segments 4–6. Segment 7 with a pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated from each other by median swelling about 1/4 width of ventro-lateral lobes.</p> <p>Notopodia of segment 1 with paleae, segments 5–21 (17 pairs) with two rows of different chaetae; anterior row of shorter chaetae with distal serrated wings, anterior surface below wing to about mid-basal portion of chaeta covered with numerous minute spines; posterior row with longer capillary chaetae, straight and stout, tapering to acute tip, anterior surface covered with numerous spines from mid-length to tip (Fig. 8 C–F). Neuropodia 14 pairs on segments 8–21, each with slightly raised torus bearing a transverse row of uncini. Each uncinus with one rounded anterior peg with blunt tip embedded into torus, followed by several rows of minor teeth on a swelling, a longitudinal row of two major teeth, both covered with many small teeth basally (Fig. 8 G–H). Neuropodia on segment 21 with enlarged posterior lobe (Fig. 8B).</p> <p>Scaphe ovoid, flattened dorsally, not separated by a constriction from abdomen. Lateral margins dorsally rolled with six pairs of lobes; first pair of lobes largest and elongated, connecting with dorsal margin of scaphe; posterior lobes narrow triangular, almost same size; dorsal margin of scaphe smooth (Fig. 8 A–B). Anal flap vestigial with oblong swollen area distally bearing long anal cirrus (Fig. 8 A–B). Anus located behind anal cirrus, between last pair of lateral lobes on scaphe. Eight pairs of scaphal hooks, arising from both sides of dorsal margin of scaphe, ambercoloured, slightly curved dorsally, ending with blunt tips (Fig. 8I).</p> <p>Tube slightly curved, robust, made of sand grains and shells (Fig. 7A).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Sulu Sea, Philippines (Fig. 1). Known only from the type locality.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> 275 m, no information on sediments available.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. No holotype was designated by Caullery (1944) and the original description is based on two specimens (syntypes). The two syntype specimens of <i>P. tenuis</i> are twisted, and only one type could be examined for the morphological characters of the anterior and posterior ends. We have expanded the description to give details of a pair of lateral ear-shaped lobes (palps) adjacent to dorsal base of cephalic veil, pair of ventral lappets on segment 1, pair of dorso-lateral pads in segment 5, basal hump of branchia and details of uncini. <i>Petta tenuis</i> can be distinguished from other species of <i>Petta</i> by ventro-lateral lobes on segment 2 with 4–5 triangular lappets and ventrolateral lobes on segment 3 with a triangular projection on ventral margin (Table 2).</p>Published as part of <i>Zhang, Jinghuai, Hutchings, Pat & Kupriyanova, Elena, 2019, A revision of the genus Petta Malmgren, 1866 (Annelida: Pectinariidae), with two new species from deep waters of southeastern Australia, and comments on phylogeny of the family, pp. 303-330 in Zootaxa 4614 (2)</i> on pages 312-315, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4614.2.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3242403">http://zenodo.org/record/3242403</a>
Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science): Preface
No full textCombined statistical techniques for the water quality analysis of a natural wetland and evaluation of the potential implementation of a FWS for the area restoration: the Torre Flavia case study, Italy
No full textThe paper focussed on the analysis of the environmental status of a natural wetland and the assessment of potential solutions to preserve the area, the related ecosystem services and natural equilibria. Data on water quality parameters and on climatic conditions were derived from a yearly monitoring campaign and web sources respectively. Chemometric techniques and a water quality index (WQI) were applied in order to assemble the obtained information and define an exhaustive overview of the wetland status. Data processing allowed to estimate the system water balance and to evaluate spatial and temporal variations of water quality. A water deficit as well as a major wetland sensitivity respect to pollution loads was verified during the warmer season (June-September). Local criticalities and environmental pressure were assessed and possible solutions to properly manage and restore the natural system were evaluated. The use of the wetland as a free water system (FWS) receiving treated wastewater from a local UWWTP was considered in the view of using local resources and restoring the water balance, avoiding environmental impacts and excessive management costs. Wetland auto-depurative capacity was assessed through common empirical plug flow models which revealed the ammonia nitrogen loads during the winter season as the limiting conditions. By deriving the maximum capacity of the system to receive pollutants, the study showed how water balance restorations as well as environmental and economic savings are achievable. Additional benefits have to be associated to ecosystem services and the possibility for recreational, cultural and educational activities. © 2017 Elsevier Lt
Non-Invasive Assessment of Liver Injury in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review of Literature
No full textNAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) is an increasingly significant public health issue, regarded as the most relevant liver disease of the twenty-first century. Approximately 20%-30% of NAFLD subjects develop a NASH (Non-Alcoholic Steato-Hepatitis), a condition which can potentially evolve to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. For these reasons a proper evaluation of liver damage is a key point for diagnosis and prognosis and liver biopsy still remains the "gold standard" procedure both for discrimination between steatosis and steatohepatitis and assessment of the degree of liver fibrosis. Nonetheless, given it is an invasive, painful and costly procedure, a great research efforts have been made in order to develop non-invasive methods for the assessment of NAFLD presence and/or severity by serum markers and imaging techniques. In this review we aimed to perform a comprehensive review of the literature about strengths and weaknesses of the main tools available for the non-invasive assessment of NAFLD patients.NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) is an increasingly significant public health issue, regarded as the most relevant liver disease of the twenty-first century. Approximately 20%-30% of NAFLD subjects develop a NASH (Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis), a condition which can potentially evolve to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. For these reasons a proper evaluation of liver damage is a key point for diagnosis and prognosis and liver biopsy still remains the “gold standard” procedure both for discrimination between steatosis and steatohepatitis and assessment of the degree of liver fibrosis. Nonetheless, given it is an invasive, painful and costly procedure, a great research efforts have been made in order to develop non-invasive methods for the assessment of NAFLD presence and/or severity by serum markers and imaging techniques. In this review we aimed to perform a comprehensive review of the literature about strengths and weaknesses of the main tools available for the n..
Petta williamsonae Zhang & Hutchings & Kupriyanova 2019, n. sp.
No full textPetta williamsonae n. sp. Figs 12–14, Table 2 Material examined. Holotype AM W.50667, broken between segments 16–17: Paratype AM W.51459 (mounted for SEM), complete, Bass Strait, Australia: 39º27.72´S 149º16.56´E, 2760– 2692 m, coll. R/V “ Investigator ” Voyage 3 St. 022, Beam Trawl, May 2017. Description. Preserved specimens pale reddish in colour, dumb-bell shaped with broad anterior end and scaphe (Figs 13A; 14A). Body length 14.5–20.0 mm (holotype about 14.5 mm) including paleae and scaphe, width 2.3–2.9 mm (2.3 mm) at cephalic regions. Cephalic veil heart-shaped, free operculum, with smooth margin and short triangular anterior end (Figs 12B; 13A, D; 14B, D). Pair of lateral ear-shaped lobes (palps) adjacent to dorsal base of cephalic veil (Fig. 12C). Buccal tentacles with deep longitudinal grooves, arising from around buccal cavity, posterior to cephalic veil (Figs 12B; 13A; 14D). Lower lip not visible between buccal cavity and segment 1. Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins well developed, smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 14 pairs of amber-coloured, stout, long notopodial paleae, curved dorsally, with blunt tips (Figs 12A; 13B; 14C). First pair of tentacular cirri not extending beyond tips of paleae, annuli not distinct, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge (Figs 12 A–B; 13B; 14D). Pair of narrow triangular lappets present behind tentacular cirri, on both sides of segment 1, partly covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Figs 12B; 13E; 14D). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Figs 12B; 13A; 14B, D). Second pair of tentacular cirri almost same length as first, annulation indistinct, and displaced dorsally, on almost mid-lateral connecting ridge of segment 2 (Figs 12 A–B; 13B; 14D). Segment 2 with pair of broad ventrolateral lobes separated from each other by a narrow deep mid-ventral groove, each lobe with 7–8 continuous row of triangular lappets (Figs 12B; 13E; 14B, D). Two pairs of equal sized comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of large basal hump and series of loose flat lamellae (Figs 12D; 13F; 14C). First pair of branchiae on segment 3 inserted more ventrally than those on segment 4. Pair of dorso-lateral pads small and smooth, arising from dorsal side of notopodia on segment 5 (Figs 12A; 13 B–C; 14C). Distinct ventral glandular lobes (pads) present on segments 2–7, becoming progressively more dorsal and broader on segments 3–5 (Figs 12B; 13 A–B; 14B). Humps near branchiae absent on ventral lobes (Figs 12B; 13B; 14B). Segment 3 with a pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes and a pair of mid-ventral lappets, separated from those by deep notches; ventro-lateral lobes smooth with rounded ventral margin; mid-ventral lappets oblong and narrow about 1/5 width of ventro-lateral lobes, and more posterior than ventro-lateral lobes (Figs 12B; 13A; 14B). Segments 4–6 with a pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated by a shallow median groove becoming progressively broader on segments 4–6. Segment 7 with a pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated from each other by median swelling about 1/5 width of ventro-lateral lobes. Notopodia of segment 1 with paleae, segments 5–21 (17 pairs) with two rows of chaetae; anterior row of shorter chaetae with distal serrated wings, anterior surface below wing to about mid-basal portion of chaeta covered with numerous minute spines; posterior row with about 1.4 times longer capillary chaetae, straight and stout, tapering to acute tips, anterior surface covered with numerous spines from mid-length to tip (Figs 12 H–I; 14F–G). Neuropodia on segments 8–21 (14 pairs), each with slightly raised torus bearing a transverse row of uncini. Each uncinus with one rounded anterior peg with blunt tip embedded into torus, followed by several rows of minor teeth on a swelling, a longitudinal row of two major teeth, each covered with many small teeth basally (Figs 12G; 14H). Neuropodia of segment 21 with enlarged posterior lobe (Figs 12 E–F; 13G–I). Scaphe long ovoid, flattened dorsally, well separated by a constriction from posterior segments. Lateral margins of scaphe dorsally rolled, with six pairs of lobes; first pair of lobes largest, connecting with dorsal margin of scaphe; posterior lobes narrow triangular, almost same size; dorsal margin of scaphe smooth with a median notch (Figs 12 E–F; 13G–I; 14E). Anal flap vestigial with oblong swollen area distally bearing long anal cirrus (Figs 12F; 13G, I). Anus located behind anal cirrus, between last pair of lateral lobes on scaphe. Scaphal hooks amber-coloured, nine pairs arising from both sides of dorsal margin of scaphe, with blunt tips slightly curved dorsally (Figs 12F; 14I). Tube broken, made of concretions and shell fragments. Distribution. Bass Strait, Australia (Fig. 1). Known only from type locality. Habitat. 2760– 2692 m. No substrate data available. Etymology. The species is named after Associate Professor Jane Williamson, Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Australia who faciliatated the research. Remarks. Petta williamsonae n. sp. can be distinguished from other species of Petta by the following characters: cephalic veil with smooth margin and short narrow triangular anterior end; 14 pairs of paleae; pair of narrow triangular lappets on segment 1; pair of short ventro-lateral lobes on segment 2, separated from each other by a narrow deep mid-ventral groove, with 7–8 triangular lappets per lobe; ventro-lateral lobes smooth on segment 3, with rounded inner angle; neurochaetae on segments 8–21; distinct constriction between the abdomen and the scaphe; anal flap vestigial with long anal cirrus; scaphal hooks 9 pairs, slightly curved. Petta williamsonae n. sp. is similar to P. tenuis from Sulu Sea, Phillipines and P. pellucida from Santarem Channel, Caribbean Sea as they all have smooth anterior end on cephalic veil and smooth ventro-lateral lobes on segment 3. However, Petta williamsonae n. sp. differs from the last two species as P. williamsonae n. sp. has the distinct constriction between the abdomen and the scaphe (Table 2). Petta williamsonae n. sp. differs from P. investigatoris n. sp. from Australian waters as the latter has continuous papillae on the ventro-lateral lobes of segment 3 and the scaphe is not clearly separated from posterior segments, and also P. williamsonae n. sp. has a smooth margin on the ventro-lateral lobes of segment 3 and a distinct constriction between the abdomen and the scaphe.Published as part of Zhang, Jinghuai, Hutchings, Pat & Kupriyanova, Elena, 2019, A revision of the genus Petta Malmgren, 1866 (Annelida: Pectinariidae), with two new species from deep waters of southeastern Australia, and comments on phylogeny of the family, pp. 303-330 in Zootaxa 4614 (2) on pages 321-326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4614.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/324240
- …
