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Petta Malmgren 1866
No full textGenus Petta Malmgren, 1866 Type species. Petta pusilla Malmgren, 1866, by monotypy. Diagnosis. Pectinariids with smooth cephalic veil, with medial tentacular extension, free from opercular lobe, smooth margin of opercular lobe, poorly-marked separation between scaphe and abdomen, and avicular uncini with transverse rows of progressively shorter teeth distalwards (Hutchings & Peart 2002). In addition, the branchiae and the anal flaps are distinctly shorter than among members of other genera of pectinariids, the latter shorter than scaphal lateral papillae, while the anal cirrus is remarkably longer. Remarks. Prior to the present study, Petta was a genus comprising only four species. The type species is known from off Sweden, and the other species were described from specimens collected as far apart as in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, Kerguelen Islands and Indonesia. Therefore, the present study brings the first record for species of this genus for the southern Atlantic. Although Petta has few valid species currently, in most cases they are known only from type material, which in some cases is lost or in poor condition, and the descriptions do not include several important taxonomic characters. A revision of the genus is currently under preparation by Zhang et al.Published as part of Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Ribeiro, William M. G., Carrerette, Orlemir & Hutchings, Pat, 2019, Pectinariidae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from off southeastern Brazil, southwestern Atlantic, pp. 489-509 in Zootaxa 4571 (4) on pages 500-502, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/261418
Introduction to the Special Issue: The AgentLink III Technical Forums
No full textThis article introduces the special issue of ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems devoted to research papers arising from the three Technical Forum Group meetings held in 2004 and 2005 that were organized and sponsored by the European FP6 Coordination Action AgentLink III
Drinking Water Denitrification in Membrane Bioreactor/Membrane Contactor Systems
No full textThe results of an experimental study, developed on a membrane bioreactor/membrane contactor pilot plant, aimed at drinking water denitrification are presented and discussed. In the adopted configuration the water, contaminated by nitrates, flows inside the fibres of a membrane unit. Due to the existing concentration gradient, nitrates migrate through the membrane and are reduced to nitrogen gas by the autotrophic biomass attached on the exterior of the fibres, and fed with an external source of organic carbon. Data obtained varying influent flow values and nitrate influent concentrations, confirm the potentiality of the system and show the possibility of full-scale applications. A new mathematical model, useful for both simulation and design of the system is also presented. The model is based on simple mass balances in the flow direction, and through the membrane. Each fibre is considered a plug-flow reactor, and nitrate concentration outside the fibres is assumed to be always zero. To obtain an explicit expression useful for simulation and design of membrane bioreactors/membrane contactors, steady-state conditions are supposed. Experimental data are in good agreement with the model's results, and confirm its applicability
FIGURE 9. Petta alissoni n in Pectinariidae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from off southeastern Brazil, southwestern Atlantic
No full textFIGURE 9. Petta alissoni n. sp. (Paratype 7, ZUEC Pol 7890), (A). Anterior end, ventral view; (B, C). Close ups of the anterior end, ventral and right lateral views, respectively; (D, E) Scaphe, ventral view, under progressively higher magnifications.Published as part of Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Ribeiro, William M. G., Carrerette, Orlemir & Hutchings, Pat, 2019, Pectinariidae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from off southeastern Brazil, southwestern Atlantic, pp. 489-509 in Zootaxa 4571 (4) on page 504, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/261418
Petta pellucida
No full text<i>Petta pellucida</i> (Ehlers, 1887) <p>Fig. 6, Table 2</p> <p> <i>Pectinaria</i> (<i>Petta</i>) <i>pellucida</i> Ehlers, 1887: 194–199, Taf. 44, Fig. 1–9.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Syntypes, MCZ ANNc-2559, 1 specimen in tube and 1 empty tube, Santarem Channel between Cay Sal Bank and Bahamas, Caribbean Sea, 270 m, coll. S. Bibb & L. F. Pourtales in 1868–1869.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Two complete tubes, one with specimen, broken, dried and twisted, yellow (Fig. 6 A–C).</p> <p>Based on damaged type. Operculum with 11 pairs of amber-coloured, long stout paleae curved dorsally, ending in blunt tips (Fig. 6A).</p> <p>Notopodia of segment 1 with paleae, other notopodia with two rows of different chaetae; anterior row with shorter chaetae with distal serrated wings, anterior surface below wing to about mid-basal portion of chaeta covered with numerous minute spines; posterior row with longer capillary chaetae, straight and stout, tapering to acute tips, anterior surface covered with numerous spines from mid-length to tip (Fig. 6 F–H). Neuropodia each with a transverse row of uncini on torus; each uncinus with one rounded anterior peg with blunt tip embedded into torus, followed by several rows of minor teeth on a swelling, one longitudinal row of two major teeth, both covered by many small teeth basally (Fig. 6 I–G). Last segment with notochaetae and neurochaetae (Fig. 6D).</p> <p>Scaphe contorted, 7 pairs of amber-coloured scaphal hooks arising from both sides of dorsal margin of scaphe, with blunt tips weakly curved dorsally (Fig. 6 D–E).</p> <p>Tubes slightly curved, almost straight, robust, made of large sand grains (Fig. 6B).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Santarem Channel between Cay Sal Bank and Bahamas, Caribbean (Fig. 1). Known only from the type locality.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> 270 m, no information on sediments available.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The syntypes of <i>P. pellucida</i> are in poor condition and the label indicates that the material has dried out at some stage. This means that characters such as shape of cephalic veil and scaphe, number of segments with neurochaetae, presence of dorso-lateral pads in segment 5, and the shape of anal flap could not be examined. According to the description of Ehlers (1887), <i>P. pellucida</i> differs from <i>P. pusilla</i> in having a smooth anterior acute tip of the cephalic veil, a pair of ventral lobes on segment 1, and a narrow deep notch between ventral lobes of segment 2.</p> <p> We disagree with Nilsson (1928) ’s suggestion that <i>P. pusilla</i> and <i>P. pellucida</i> are synonymous as they were collected from very different biogeographical areas and we list characters distinguishing these species in Table 2. <i>Petta pellucida</i> is easily distinguished from <i>P. assimilis</i> that has continuous row of lappets on the ventro-lateral lobes of segment 3, whereas <i>P. pellucida</i> has smooth ventro-lateral lobes on segment 3. <i>Petta pellucida</i> has neurochaetae from segments 7 onwards according to Ehlers (1887), whereas in other all pectinariid species neurochaetae occur from segment 8. However, this cannot be confirmed on the type and perhaps Ehlers misinterpreted the segment numbering.</p> <p> <i>Petta tenuis</i> Caullery, 1944</p> <p>Figs 7–8, Table 2</p> <p> <i>Petta tenuis</i> Caullery, 1944: 75, Fig. 61.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Syntypes 2 specimens and 1 empty tube: NBC ZMA V.Pol. 1516, Sulu, Philippines 6º07.998´N 121º19.002´E, 275 m depth.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Based on both syntypes, although one has been dried and become twisted (Fig. 7 B–C). Preserved specimens pale in colour. Body cylindrical, curved dorsally (Fig. 7 B–D). Body length 16.6 and 18.9 mm including paleae and scaphe, width 2.2 and 2.3 mm at cephalic regions.</p> <p>Cephalic veil heart-shaped with pointed median extension, free from operculum, with smooth margins (Fig. 7 E–F). Pair of ventro-lateral ear-shaped lobes (palps) adjacent to dorsal base of cephalic veil. Buccal tentacles short, with longitudinal grooves, arising from around buccal cavity, posterior to cephalic veil (Fig. 7F). Ventral lower lip not visible between buccal cavity and segment 1 (Fig. 7F).</p> <p>Operculum semicircular; dorsal and lateral margins short and smooth; ventral margin (opercular ridge) with 11 pairs of amber-coloured, stout paleae, curved dorsally, and with long pointed tips (Fig. 7C).</p> <p>First pair of tentacular cirri annulated, arising from connection of opercular margin and paleal ridge, not extending beyond tips of paleae, cirri elongated with rounded tips arising from triangular base (Fig. 7E, G). Pair of long narrow ventral lappets present on segment 1, arising under ventral lobes of segment 2 (Fig. 7 E–F). Ventral region of segment 1 covered by ventral lobes of segment 2 (Fig. 7 E–F).</p> <p> Second pair of tentacular cirri almost same length as first, weakly annulated, and slightly displaced dorsally, inserted on latero-median connecting ridge of segment 2 (Fig. 7E, G) more elongated than 1 st pair arising from triangular base. Segment 2 with pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated from each other by narrow deep mid-ventral groove, left ventro-lateral lobe with 5 triangular lappets and right ventro-lateral lobe with 4 triangular lappets on one type (Fig. 7E, G), but not possible to count on the other type.</p> <p> Two pairs of similar sized comb-like branchiae on segments 3–4, consisting of large basal hump and series of loose flat lamellae (Fig. 7H). First pair of branchiae on segment 3 inserted more ventrally than 2 nd pair.</p> <p>Pair of dorso-lateral pads small and smooth, arising from dorsal side of notopodia on segment 5 (Fig. 7 G–H).</p> <p>Distinct ventral glandular lobes (pads) present on segments 2–7, becoming progressively more lateral and broader on segments 3–5 (Fig. 7 D–E). Hump near branchiae absent on ventral lobes of segment 4 (Fig. 7G). Segment 3 with a pair of smooth broad ventro-lateral lobes and a pair of mid-ventral lappets, separated from those by deep notches; ventro-lateral lobes with a triangular projection on ventral margin; mid-ventral lappets narrow about 1/6 length of ventro-lateral lobes, and more posterior than ventro-lateral lobes (Fig. 7E). Segments 4–6 with a pair of long ventro-lateral lobes separated by a shallow median groove becoming progressively broader on segments 4–6. Segment 7 with a pair of broad ventro-lateral lobes separated from each other by median swelling about 1/4 width of ventro-lateral lobes.</p> <p>Notopodia of segment 1 with paleae, segments 5–21 (17 pairs) with two rows of different chaetae; anterior row of shorter chaetae with distal serrated wings, anterior surface below wing to about mid-basal portion of chaeta covered with numerous minute spines; posterior row with longer capillary chaetae, straight and stout, tapering to acute tip, anterior surface covered with numerous spines from mid-length to tip (Fig. 8 C–F). Neuropodia 14 pairs on segments 8–21, each with slightly raised torus bearing a transverse row of uncini. Each uncinus with one rounded anterior peg with blunt tip embedded into torus, followed by several rows of minor teeth on a swelling, a longitudinal row of two major teeth, both covered with many small teeth basally (Fig. 8 G–H). Neuropodia on segment 21 with enlarged posterior lobe (Fig. 8B).</p> <p>Scaphe ovoid, flattened dorsally, not separated by a constriction from abdomen. Lateral margins dorsally rolled with six pairs of lobes; first pair of lobes largest and elongated, connecting with dorsal margin of scaphe; posterior lobes narrow triangular, almost same size; dorsal margin of scaphe smooth (Fig. 8 A–B). Anal flap vestigial with oblong swollen area distally bearing long anal cirrus (Fig. 8 A–B). Anus located behind anal cirrus, between last pair of lateral lobes on scaphe. Eight pairs of scaphal hooks, arising from both sides of dorsal margin of scaphe, ambercoloured, slightly curved dorsally, ending with blunt tips (Fig. 8I).</p> <p>Tube slightly curved, robust, made of sand grains and shells (Fig. 7A).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Sulu Sea, Philippines (Fig. 1). Known only from the type locality.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> 275 m, no information on sediments available.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. No holotype was designated by Caullery (1944) and the original description is based on two specimens (syntypes). The two syntype specimens of <i>P. tenuis</i> are twisted, and only one type could be examined for the morphological characters of the anterior and posterior ends. We have expanded the description to give details of a pair of lateral ear-shaped lobes (palps) adjacent to dorsal base of cephalic veil, pair of ventral lappets on segment 1, pair of dorso-lateral pads in segment 5, basal hump of branchia and details of uncini. <i>Petta tenuis</i> can be distinguished from other species of <i>Petta</i> by ventro-lateral lobes on segment 2 with 4–5 triangular lappets and ventrolateral lobes on segment 3 with a triangular projection on ventral margin (Table 2).</p>Published as part of <i>Zhang, Jinghuai, Hutchings, Pat & Kupriyanova, Elena, 2019, A revision of the genus Petta Malmgren, 1866 (Annelida: Pectinariidae), with two new species from deep waters of southeastern Australia, and comments on phylogeny of the family, pp. 303-330 in Zootaxa 4614 (2)</i> on pages 312-315, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4614.2.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3242403">http://zenodo.org/record/3242403</a>
PKM HAND LINE “KINDAENG” DI KAMPUNG PETTA SELATAN KECAMATAN TABUKAN UTARA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
No full textKampung Petta Selatan yang juga dikenal dengan nama lain kampung Embuhanga terletak di wilayah pesisir yang memiliki penduduk dengan mata pencarian sebagai Pettani dan nelayan. Masyarakat yang berprofesi sebagai nelayan, umumnya hanya mengenal teknik penangkapan ikan dengan penggunakan pancing yang disebut dengan “Paranto”, dimana konstruksinya hanya menggunakan bahan seadanya yang disediakan alam dan pancing ”Kindaeng” yang lebih modern dibandingkan “Palanto”. PKM Hand Line “Kindaeng” di Kampung Petta Selatan, dilakukan dengan mengadakan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya menjaga ekosistem terumbu karang dalam pengoperasian alat tangkap, sehingga operasi penengkapan ikan di Kampung Petta Selatan menjadi penengkapan ikan yang mengarah pada perikanan tangkap bertanggungjawab dan berkelanjutan, serta membuat dan memberikan bahan untuk 10 unit alat tangkap Hand line “Kindaeng”. Melalui kegiatan ini nelayan penangkap ikan dapat melakukan penangkapan ikan secara benar dan tidak berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungannya khususnya terhadap kondisi terumbu karang disekitarnya, dengan demikian usaha ini dapat menjadi sumber meningkatkan taraf hidup demi kesejahteraan masyarakat nelayan
Assessment by Fibroscan of fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: XL versus M probe?
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Multiparallel decompression simultaneously using multicore central processing unit and graphic processing unit
No full textThe discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based compression algorithm is widely used in many image compression systems. The time-consuming computation of the 9/7 discrete wavelet decomposition and the bit-plane decoding is usually the bottleneck of these systems. In order to perform real-time decompression on a massive bit stream of compressed images continuously down-linked from the satellite, we propose a different graphic processing unit (GPU)-accelerated decoding system. In this system, the GPU and multiple central processing unit (CPU) threads are run in parallel. To obtain the maximum throughput via a different pipeline structure for processing continuous satellite images, an additional balancing algorithm workload has been implemented to distribute the jobs to both CPU and GPU parts to have approximately the same processing speed. Through the pipelined CPU and GPU heterogeneous computing, the entire decoding system approaches a speedup of 15× as compared to its single-threaded CPU counterpart. The proposed channel and source decoding system is able to decompress 1024 × 1024 satellite images at a speed of 20 frames/s
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