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The role of cultural memory in the strategies of adaptive re-use of built heritage: a case study of the modern movement.
No full textThe aim of this research is to perform analysis to understand the role of cultural memory on the formation of architectural languages and to develop a model to measure perception of people in their assessment of cultural heritage which can be used in adaptive re-use strategies of built heritage. The objects of this research are the built heritage of the Modern Movement in Ankara and Kaunas. Analysing Modern Movement is valuable and at the same time instructive for this research for understanding the assessment of people of cultural heritage. A better understanding of this phenomenon would allow specialists to proceed from a more informed perspective regarding adaptive re-use of built heritage and comprehend the perception of the society towards it. The spirit of the Modern Movement primarily originates from experiments, therefore, using this built heritage as the subject of the experiments also matches with the ideals of the style. The reason for these cities to be selected is related to the fact that, even though they went through similar process around the same period (Both cities became capital after the WWI), they both embody different cultural and environmental backgrounds. Furthermore, the architectural language of the Modern Movement which was adopted in both cities are not similar. While the language in Kaunas contains more local tendencies and traditional expressions, in Ankara there is a detachment from the elements in architectural language which presents any kind of reference to the pre-republican past. Therefore, focusing on these cities facilitates to understand the formation of different dialects of the Modern Movement in different geographical areas, and furthermore to understand the impact of the traditions and cultural memory on architectural language
Kaunas – a Baltic garden city? /
No full textFrom 1919 to 1939, when Kaunas assumed the status of the provisional capital of Lithuania, the architectural character of its urban environment was forged by the processes that were characteristic of that period – modernization and progress. In the 1920s housing was in severely short supply in the rapidly growing capital, so residential buildings were a significant part of construction activity and of the city’s modernization programme throughout the interwar period. Among the documents influencing the concept of living environment was a new master plan for Kaunas developed in 1923 by Danish engineer and urban planner Marius Frandsen and Lithuanian architect Antanas Jokimas. The project proposed dividing the city into different functional zones. One of these areas, residential Žaliakalnis, testifies to the fact that the experimental thoughts of Ebenezer Howard’s garden city were among the most important urban inspirations behind it. Through the lens of the historical sources, the article examines how Lithuanians attempted to adopt this idea. Comparing the theoretical aspirations and the practical applications of the garden city experiment, the article argues that Kaunas is among the cities where the universal concept of green suburbs found fertile ground
Narrativity of urban heritage.
No full textThe need for this dissertation stems from some hidden peculiarities of the discourse we do have as heritage. On the one hand, the field of cultural heritage as well as other disciplines related with heritage is really plentiful. Nowadays, cultural heritage is being operated as simple authorized practice; Bandarin and van Oers state (2012:188) that the policy makers and city authorities still perceive historic urban landscape as a separate district that looks extracted from the holistic city life and development.Thus the final thesis of this PhD paper is intended to suggest an alternative framework for heritage perception and reception. The framework is based on a narrative theory whose application to heritage studies is fragmented in both contexts – that of the Western World and the context of Lithuania as well. The use of the theoretical framework of the narrative will allow us to look at the urban architectural heritage phenomenon outside of the inner discourse, to evaluate the idea of heritage and its directions in a different light
Modernism as Covert Colonialism: Armenian Architects and European Influence in Interwar Iran
No full textThis study explores the coloniality of modernism in interwar Iran and the role of Armenian architects in this process. During this time, Iran, a nation that was never formally colonized, experienced significant modernization with the rise of Reza Shah to power in the early 1920s. This entailed importing European modernity into every facet of the country’s affairs to address the perceived "backwardness." Incorporating methodologies,
concepts, and theoretical frameworks from the works of postcolonial scholars, this study shows that Eurocentrism was not confined to direct colonial rule. In the case of Iran,
as modernism created dualities of "old" and "new," the resulting socio-spatial divisions were colonial in nature. The study also shows how Iranian-Armenian architects played an intermediary role as pro-Western intellectuals. Finally, by examining historical accounts,
architectural projects, and urban planning strategies, this research argues that modernism functioned as a covert colonial tool in interwar Iran
Kultūrinės atminties vaidmuo urbanistinio palikimo adaptuoto pakartotinio naudojimo strategijose: modernizmo architektūroje teminis tyrimas.
No full textThe aim of this research is to perform analysis to understand the role of cultural memory on the formation of architectural languages and to develop a model to measure perception of people in their assessment of cultural heritage which can be used in adaptive re-use strategies of built heritage. The objects of this research are the built heritage of the Modern Movement in Ankara and Kaunas. Analysing Modern Movement is valuable and at the same time instructive for this research for understanding the assessment of people of cultural heritage. A better understanding of this phenomenon would allow specialists to proceed from a more informed perspective regarding adaptive re-use of built heritage and comprehend the perception of the society towards it. The spirit of the Modern Movement primarily originates from experiments, therefore, using this built heritage as the subject of the experiments also matches with the ideals of the style. The reason for these cities to be selected is related to the fact that, even though they went through similar process around the same period (Both cities became capital after the WWI), they both embody different cultural and environmental backgrounds. Furthermore, the architectural language of the Modern Movement which was adopted in both cities are not similar. While the language in Kaunas contains more local tendencies and traditional expressions, in Ankara there is a detachment from the elements in architectural language which presents any kind of reference to the pre-republican past. Therefore, focusing on these cities facilitates to understand the formation of different dialects of the Modern Movement in different geographical areas, and furthermore to understand the impact of the traditions and cultural memory on architectural language
Nacionalinės moderniosios urbanistikos mokyklos formavimasis pirmojoje Lietuvos Respublikoje (1918–1940 m.).
No full textDissertation examines the development of urban planning in the First Republic of Lithuania (1918–1940). Based on archival research, the phenomenon is studied through three layers – institutional, discourse and physical. The development of the institutions and statutes regulating urban planning, the organizations that influenced the processes, the evolution of the discourse, the features of the prepared plans and the reflection of all these elements in practice are revealed
Pokario masinis būstas Europoje: nuosmukio anatomija?
No full textThe aim of the research is to study the physical and discursive construction and the post-transition(s) heritage of the mass housing era in Europe (1950s-1980s), through the comparative analysis of three cases of study. The objects of the study are the neighbourhoods of Vällingby (Stockholm, Sweden), Lazdynai (Vilnius, Lithuania), and San Polo (Brescia, Italy). The dissertation is structured in three chapters. The first and the second chapters of the dissertation introduce and discuss the historical and theoretical roots of modern urban planning, the golden age of postwar modern mass housing in Europe, as well as the intellectual deconstruction, the decline, and the heritage of the phenomenon. In the third chapter Vällingby, Lazdynai, and San Polo are analysed according to specific criteria. The first criterion of analysis concentrates on the historical and political conditions that fostered the construction; the second focuses on the physical and architectural attributes of Vällingby, Lazdynai, and San Polo; the third criterion of analysis is committed to present the construction of a discourse aimed at celebrating the neighbourhoods after the construction; the fourth focuses on the heritage of the selected cases of study. Within this framework the research is committed to apply the concept of dissonant heritage to the analysis of the legacy of postwar modern mass housing. In particular, the research identifies the obsolescence and the undesirability of the messages embedded in mass housing and the issues connected to class and socio-economic conditions as the main factors of dissonance. Due to the peculiarities of each case of study such factors act with different intensity in Vällingby, Lazdynai and San Polo
Naratyvinė miesto urbanistikos ir architektūros paveldo samprata.
No full textThe need for this dissertation stems from some hidden peculiarities of the discourse we do have as heritage. On the one hand, the field of cultural heritage as well as other disciplines related with heritage is really plentiful. Nowadays, cultural heritage is being operated as simple authorized practice; Bandarin and van Oers state (2012:188) that the policy makers and city authorities still perceive historic urban landscape as a separate district that looks extracted from the holistic city life and development.Thus the final thesis of this PhD paper is intended to suggest an alternative framework for heritage perception and reception. The framework is based on a narrative theory whose application to heritage studies is fragmented in both contexts – that of the Western World and the context of Lithuania as well. The use of the theoretical framework of the narrative will allow us to look at the urban architectural heritage phenomenon outside of the inner discourse, to evaluate the idea of heritage and its directions in a different light
Modernism as Covert Colonialism: Armenian Architects and European Influence in Interwar Iran
Get PDFThis study explores the coloniality of modernism in interwar Iran and the role of Armenian architects in this process. During this time, Iran, a nation that was never formally colonized, experienced significant modernization with the rise of Reza Shah to power in the early 1920s. This entailed importing European modernity into every facet of the country’s affairs to address the perceived "backwardness." Incorporating methodologies,
concepts, and theoretical frameworks from the works of postcolonial scholars, this study shows that Eurocentrism was not confined to direct colonial rule. In the case of Iran,
as modernism created dualities of "old" and "new," the resulting socio-spatial divisions were colonial in nature. The study also shows how Iranian-Armenian architects played an intermediary role as pro-Western intellectuals. Finally, by examining historical accounts,
architectural projects, and urban planning strategies, this research argues that modernism functioned as a covert colonial tool in interwar Iran
The Intangible Dimension in Heritage Conservation: A Case Study of the Mang Thit craft village
No full textThe research examines the conservation of intangible dimensions appearing in
architectural heritage, using the Mang Thit pottery village in Vinh Long, Vietnam, as a
case study. By tracing the historical evolution and exploring the concept of heritage, it
demonstrates the shift from a material-focused perspective to a broader recognition
that has placed greater emphasis on intangible heritage alongside tangible heritage in
international heritage policies, including those by UNESCO and ICOMOS. While
globalization and modernization have led to the decline of Mang Thit’s traditional
industries like brick making, their intangible cultural significance beyond their physical
structures is considered an emotional connection shaping and sustaining the spirit of
local heritage.
The research adopts a multidisciplinary methodology, combining data collection
from various sources, such as archival documents, field surveys, and community
interviews, with thematic analysis. The central focus of the study is to identify and
analyze the intangible manifestations present in the architecture of Mang Thit’s craft
village- including kiln construction techniques, pottery-making processes, religious
beliefs, community relationships, and ecological systems- to integrate both aspects in
developing sustainable conservation strategies. These strategies aim to balance
heritage preservation with local economic and tourism development, aligning with
Vietnam’s existing legal frameworks. The ultimate goal is to provide conservation
recommendations for the "Mang Thit Contemporary Heritage" project that ensures the
protection of local cultural identity in the face of urbanization and climate change
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