12 research outputs found
The first copper (II) complex with 1,10-phenanthroline and Salubrinal with interesting biochemical properties
No full textThe novel copper complex [Cu(phen)2(salubrinal)](ClO4)2 (C0SAL) has been synthesised and characterised. Copper(II) is coordinated by salubrinal through the thionic group, as shown by the UV-Vis, IR, ESI-MS and tandem mass results, together with the theoretical calculations. The formed complex shown a DPPH radical scavenging ability higher than that of the salubrinal alone. Studies on the lipid oxidation inhibition, shown that the C0SAL concentration, required to inhibit the enzyme, was lower than that of salubrinal. The inhibition of the enzyme could take place via allosteric modulation, as suggested by docking calculations. C0SAL shown a good cytotoxic activity on A2780 cells, 82 fold higher than the precursor salubrinal and 1.4 fold higher than [Cu(phen)2(H2O)](ClO4)2. Treatment with C0SAL in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells induced expression of GRP-78 and DDIT3 regulators of ER-stress response. The cytotoxic effect of C0SAL was reverted in the presence of TUDCA, suggesting that C0SAL induces the cell death by ER-stress. In A2780 cells treated with C0SAL γ-H2AX was accumulated, suggesting that also DNA was involved
Návrh hydraulického upínacího přípravku pro obrábění nosiče brzdy
No full textDiplomová práce pojednává o návrhu speciálního hydraulického obráběcího přípravku. Přípravek je přímo určen k upnutí jednoho typu odlitku nosiče brzdy a následného obrobení v sériových podmínkách. Úvodem je provedena rešerše přesnosti procesu obrábění a seznámení s problematikou obráběcích přípravků. V další části je již proveden vlastní návrh speciálního přípravku spolu s analýzou výrobního výkresu obrobku a předpokládaného chování dílce během upnutí a obrábění. Součástí práce je také návrh hydraulického okruhu, přidržovacího systému a jednotlivých konstrukčních řešení. Na závěr jsou provedeny kontrolní výpočty navržených závěsů a šroubových spojů, včetně návrhu pravidelné údržby.The master thesis deals with the design of a special hydraulic machining fixture. The fixture is directly intended for clamping one type of brake carrier casting and subsequent machining under serial conditions. The research about the accuracy of the machining process and familiarization with the issue of machining fixtures is done at the beginning of thesis. In the next part, the design of the special fixture is carried out together with the analysis of the manufacturing drawing of the workpiece and the expected behavior of the part during clamping and machining. The work also includes design of hydraulic circuit, holding system and individual design solutions. Finally, check calculations of designed hooks and screw connections are performed, including propose of regular maintenance
The Problem of Silent Letters in English for Czech Native Speakers
No full textTato bakalářská práce se v teoretické části zabývá definicí němých písmen, vysvětlením důvodů jejich výskytu v Anglickém jazyce a také stručně nastiňuje jejich historický vývoj. V práci jsou dále představena jednotlivá němá písmena společně s pravidly a vzorci popisujícími jejich typický výskyt. Teoretická část také vysvětluje, proč by měla anglickým němým písmenům být v České republice věnována speciální pozornost.Praktická část je založena na lekci a sérii cvičení vytvořených s cílem prozkoumat a posléze rozšířit znalosti o němých písmenech u studentů. Cvičení byla vytvořena s ohledem na aktuálnost slov, která byla užita v příkladech. Jako rozhraní pro cvičení byl zvolen již zavedený univerzitní internetový kurz. Samotným cvičením předcházel diagnostický test, který zjišťoval úroveň znalostí studentů v oblasti němých písmen.In the theoretical part, the aim of the thesis is to define silent letters and explain the reasons for their appearance in the English language, as well as to briefly outline their historical development. Distinct silent letters are then introduced alongside with rules and patterns which describe their typical occurrence. The theoretical part also explains why there is a need for Czech learners of English to pay special attention to the problem of English silent letters. The practical part is based on an online lecture and series of exercises which I created with the aim of examining and subsequently helping students to improve their ' level of knowledge concerning silent letters. The exercises were created with regard to the currency of the words used as examples. For the examining and practising the interface of the university's already established e-learning course was chosen. The exercises were preceded by a diagnostic test, which was used to ascertain the students level of knowledge about silent letters
Towards regional government in central Europe : territorial restructuring of postcommunist regimes
No full textFirst published: 01 December 1995Territorial systems in Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia are surveyed together with factors that have determined their present shape. The most important among these are: a relatively late start in the building of the modern state, the legacy of communist regimes, and the exigencies of postcommunist transition. In the second part of the paper territorial cleavages occurring in the region are examined, in particular: the centre-periphery contrasts; the urban-rural cleavage; the West-East gradient of modernisation and economic development; and sociocultural cleavages as reflected in local self-organisation. In the third part of the paper the strategies of territorial reorganisation are discussed, as they are debated and implemented in the countries under study
Additional file 2 of The functional evolution of termite gut microbiota
No full textAdditional file 2: Figure S1. Time-calibrated phylogenetic tree of termites inferred from mitochondrial genome sequences. Figure S2. Relative abundance of archaeal and bacterial phyla inferred from the termite gut metagenomes and the 16S rRNA amplicon data of 74 termite samples. Figure S3. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree inferred from 43 single-copy marker genes of 654 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). The completeness and contamination of MAGs was inferred with CheckM [103]. Detailed information about each MAG is available in Table S9. Figure S4. Protein sequence alignment of predicted uricases from 53 termite transcriptomes previously published in Bucek et al. [27]
Gazeta Nowa (1990–1993): An abortive attempt to break the monopoly of the established party dailies
No full textPrezentowany artykuł jest prześledzeniem historii „Gazety Nowej”, jednego z pierwszych tytułów prasowych, w nowych po 1989 roku realiach społeczno-politycznych z perspektywy jej pomysłodawcy i realizatora — Andrzeja Bucka. Gazeta powstała w Zielonej Górze jako prywatny tygodnik, przekształcając się z czasem w gazetę codzienną, której mutacje ukazywały się w Głogowie, Gorzowie, Lubinie, a od 1992 r. także w Żarach. Autor przybliża okoliczności, w jakich powstawała gazeta, cele i zamierzenia, które przed sobą stawiała. Szczegółowo opisuje charakter i strukturę periodyku, imiennie przytaczając skład zespołu redakcyjnego. Z autopsji odtwarza fakty, które sprawiły, że „Gazeta Nowa” stała się przeciwwagą dla jedynego dotąd dziennika ukazującego się w regionie lubuskim — „Gazety Lubuskiej”. Szczegółowo analizuje przyczyny, z powodu których tytuł przestał się ostatecznie ukazywać w lipcu 1993 r.The article chronicles the history of Gazeta Nowa, one of the first new papers to be launched in Poland after the political breakthrough of 1989, from the perspective of its founder Andrzej Bucek. Started in Zielona Góra as a weekly, it soon transformed itself into a daily with local mutations in Głogów, Gorzów, Lubin, and after 1992 also in Żary. The article examines the circumstances of its launch and the expectations and aims of its founder, before focusing on the profile and structure of the paper (with a full list of its editorial staff). Drawing on his personal memories as well as generally known facts, the author analyzes first the rise of Gazeta Nowa to a position where it challenged the regional leader Gazeta Lubuska and then the problems which led to its demise in July 1993
Hierarchical 2D to 3D micro/nano-histology of human dental caries lesions using light, X-ray and electron microscopy
No full textDental caries is a widespread disease that proceeds by damaging superficial tooth enamel by heterogeneous dissolution. Conventional histology identifies different zones within carious lesions by their optical appearance, but fails to quantify the underlying nanoscale structural changes as a function of specific location, impeding better understanding of the demineralisation process. We employ detailed collocative analysis using different imaging modalities, resolutions and fields of view. Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) reveals subsurface 3D nanostructure within milled micro-sized volumes, whilst X-ray tomography allows minimally destructive 3D imaging over large volumes. Correlative combination of these techniques reveals fine detail of enamel rods, inter-rod substance, sheaths, crystallites and voids as a function of location. The degree of enamel demineralisation within the body of the lesion, near its front, and at the surface is visualized and quantified in 3D. We thus establish the paradigm of dental 3D nano-histology as an advanced platform for quantitative evaluation of caries-induced structural modification
Nanoscale correlative X-ray spectroscopy and ptychography of carious dental enamel
No full textThis study reports the characterisation of human dental enamel caries using synchrotron nanoscale correlative ptychography and spectroscopic mapping in combination with scanning electron microscopy. A lamella ̴2.4 µm thick was extracted from a carious enamel region of a tooth using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy and transferred to two synchrotron beamlines to perform hard X-ray nano-fluorescence spectroscopy simultaneously with differential phase contrast mapping at a beam size of 55 × 45 nm. Soft X-ray ptychography data was then reconstructed with a pixel size of 8 nm. The two dimensional variation in chemistry and structure of carious enamel was revealed at the nanoscale, namely, the organisation of hydroxyapatite nano-crystals within enamel rods was imaged together with the inter-rod region. Correlative use of electron and X-ray scanning microscopies for the same sample allowed visualisation of the connection between structure and composition as presented in a compound image where colour indicates the relative calcium concentration in the sample, as indicated by the calcium Kα fluorescence intensity and grey scale shows the nanostructure. This highlights the importance of advanced correlative imaging to investigate the complex structure-composition relationships in nanomaterials of natural or artificial origin
The functional evolution of termite gut microbiota
No full textBackground
Termites primarily feed on lignocellulose or soil in association with specific gut microbes. The functioning of the termite gut microbiota is partly understood in a handful of wood-feeding pest species but remains largely unknown in other taxa. We intend to fill this gap and provide a global understanding of the functional evolution of termite gut microbiota.
Results
We sequenced the gut metagenomes of 145 samples representative of the termite diversity. We show that the prokaryotic fraction of the gut microbiota of all termites possesses similar genes for carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolisms, in proportions varying with termite phylogenetic position and diet. The presence of a conserved set of gut prokaryotic genes implies that essential nutritional functions were present in the ancestor of modern termites. Furthermore, the abundance of these genes largely correlated with the host phylogeny. Finally, we found that the adaptation to a diet of soil by some termite lineages was accompanied by a change in the stoichiometry of genes involved in important nutritional functions rather than by the acquisition of new genes and pathways.
Conclusions
Our results reveal that the composition and function of termite gut prokaryotic communities have been remarkably conserved since termites first appeared ~ 150 million years ago. Therefore, the “world’s smallest bioreactor” has been operating as a multipartite symbiosis composed of termites, archaea, bacteria, and cellulolytic flagellates since its inception
Safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral iron in patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD: an analysis of the 1-year FIND-CKD trial
No full textBackground. The evidence base regarding the safety of intravenous (IV) iron therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is incomplete and largely based on small studies of relatively short duration. Methods. FIND-CKD (ClinicalTrials. gov number NCT00994318) was a 1-year, open-label, multicenter, prospective study of patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD, anemia and iron deficiency randomized (1: 1: 2) to IV ferric carboxymaltose (FCM), targeting higher (400-600 mg/L) or lower (100-200 mg/L) ferritin, or oral iron. A post hoc analysis of adverse event rates per 100 patient-years was performed to assess the safety of FCMversus oral iron over an extended period. Results. The safety population included 616 patients. The incidence of one or more adverse events was 91.0, 100.0 and 105.0 per 100 patient-years in the high ferritin FCM, low ferritin FCM and oral iron groups, respectively. The incidence of adverse events with a suspected relation to study drug was 15.9, 17.8 and 36.7 per 100 patient-years in the three groups; for serious adverse events, the incidence was 28.2, 27.9 and 24.3 per 100 patient-years. The incidence of cardiac disorders and infections was similar between groups. At least one ferritin level >= 800 mg/L occurred in 26.6% of high ferritin FCMpatients, with no associated increase in adverse events. No patient with ferritin >= 800 mg/L discontinued the study drug due to adverse events. Estimated glomerular filtration rate remained the stable in all groups. Conclusions. These results further support the conclusion that correction of iron deficiency anemia with IV FCM is safe in patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD
