851 research outputs found
Minority Salience and Political Extremism
Full text linkWe investigate how the salience of an ethnic minority affects the majority group's voting behavior. We use the increased salience of Muslim communities during Ramadan as a natural experiment. Exploiting exogenous variation in the distance of election dates to Ramadan over the 1980-2013 period in Germany, our findings reveal an increased polarization. Vote shares for both right- and left-wing extremist parties increase in municipalities with mosques when an election takes place shortly after Ramadan. We use survey data to provide evidence on mechanisms: Ramadan increases respondents' perceived share of the foreign-born population and emphasizes cultural dissimilarities, ultimately worsening attitudes towards Muslims
Multidimensional Well-Being at the Top: Evidence for Germany
Full text linkThis paper employs a multidimensional approach for the measurement of well-being at the top of the distribution using German SOEP micro data. Besides income as traditional indicator for material well-being, we include health as a proxy for nonmaterial quality of life as well as self-reported satisfaction with life as dimensions. We find that one third of the German population is well-off in at least one dimension but only one percent in all three dimensions simultaneously. While the distribution of income has become more concentrated at the top, the concentration at the top of the multidimensional well-being distribution has decreased over time. Moreover, health as well as life satisfaction contribute quite substantially to multidimensional wellbeing at the top which has important policy implications.multidimensional measurement, well-being, Germany
Multidimensional Well-Being at the Top: Evidence for Germany
Full text linkThis paper employs a multidimensional approach for the measurement of well-being at the top of the distribution using German SOEP micro data. Besides income as traditional indicator for material well-being, we include health as a proxy for nonmaterial quality of life as well as self-reported satisfaction with life as dimensions. We find that one third of the German population is well-off in at least one dimension but only one percent in all three dimensions simultaneously. While the distribution of income has become more concentrated at the top, the concentration at the top of the multidimensional well-being distribution has decreased over time. Moreover, health as well as life satisfaction contribute quite substantially to multidimensional wellbeing at the top which has important policy implications.Multidimensional measurement, well-being, Germany
Treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms : a surgical long-term evaluation for preoperative predictive analytics
No full textAuthor Dr.med.univ. Nico Henrique Stroh-HollyDissertation Johannes Kepler Universität Linz 202
Searching on campus? The marriage market effects of changing student sex ratios
Full text linkThis paper studies how secular changes in the student sex ratio affect marriage market outcomes for university graduates. Using data from Germany, I find that a higher owngender share within the field of study reduces marriage market opportunities for women, while the opposite is true for men. Moreover, an imbalanced student sex ratio changes the composition of couples. For women, a higher female share decreases the probability of having a spouse from the same field, while men are more likely to marry down with respect to educational status when the male share is high. These findings suggest that the secular changes in the sex ratio of university students have important implications beyond the labor market by affecting the household composition among the high-skilled population
Enough of 'tough': Youth Justice in Scotland
No full textHow can we build an effective youth justice system that enjoys public confidence while recognising that children must be redeemable?Nico Juetten presents a view from Scotland, considering the challenges to the children's hearings system Copyright (c) 2009 The Author. Journal compilation (c) 2009 ippr.
A Simple Model of Health Insurance Competition
Full text linkThis paper investigates competition between health insurance companies under different financing regulations. We consider two alternatives advanced in recent German health care reform discussions: competition by contribution rates (health contributions) and by fees (health premia). We find that contribution rate competition yields lower company profits and higher consumer welfare than premia competition when switching between insurance companies is costly.health care reform, competition, consumer choice
Health effects of Low Emission Zones: Evidence from German hospitals
Full text linkThis paper studies the impact of Low Emission Zones, restricting the access of high-emission vehicles to inner-city areas, on hospitalizations. For identification, we exploit variation in the timing and the spatial distribution of the introduction of new Low Emission Zones across cities in Germany since 2008. We combine detailed geo-coded hospitalization data from the universe of German hospitals with the geographic coverage of Low Emission Zones over the period from 2006 to 2016. We find that Low Emission Zones reduce levels of air pollution in urban areas. These improvements in air quality translate into small but statistically significant population health benefits by lowering the share of diagnoses related to air pollution for hospitals located within a Low Emission Zone after it becomes effective. The results are mainly driven by reductions in circulatory and chronic lower respiratory diseases
Ciò che resta della terza dimensione
No full textThe s.c. «third dimension» is one of the first definitions given in the sociological arena to define the development of a ate element that was not identifiable with generalist instances of the state or with those particularistic of the market. Deriving its conceptualization from the Husserlian theory, Ardigò through the use this approach emphasizing the need to reconstruct the crisis through new forms of transaction between the social system and life-worlds. The use of this conceptualization led to the identification of these intermediary organizations between different systems. The text takes a brief overview of the third dimension organizations and the way how they operate the reconciliation between inter-subjectivity and super-ordination present in the systemic sense. It is proposed a scheme of interpretation, drawn from the author in question, through which classifying not merely the organization but the possible interconnections between micro and macro and their consequences. It is concluded that the abandon of the analytical perspective proposed by Ardigò, primarily for the affirmation of a vision of an economic nature, was determined both by the theoretical vulgate established around of the 90, and the difficulty in operationalizing a definition that owed much to the knowledge from the phenomenology of the Bolognese scientist
Beyond inequality accounting: Marital sorting and couple labor supply
Full text linkThis paper examines to what extent non-random sorting of spouses affects earnings inequality while explicitly disentangling effects from increasing assortativeness in couple formation from changing patterns of couples' labor supply behavior. Using German micro data, earnings distributions of observed and randomly matched couples are compared to each other. Earnings of hypothetical couples are adjusted for changes in hours worked given the differences in the household context using predictions based on a structural model of labor supply. The main finding is that the impact of marital sorting on earnings inequality has been underestimated in previous approaches. Predicting hours worked for hypothetical couples reveals a strong disequalizing impact of nonrandom sorting on inequality which is stable since the 1980s. Taking labor supply choices as given would suggest a smaller effect. This suggests that increasing earnings correlation among couples is to a considerable extent driven by changing patterns of labor market behavior rather than changes in the assortativeness in couple formation
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