7,710 research outputs found
Medical certificate for James Perry, Millbank Prison, London, 23 Jan 1844, and Ticket of Leave for James Brooks, Portland Prison, 19th Aug 1852
No full textMedical certificate for prisoner, James Perry, Millbank Prison, London, Jan. 23, 1844, issued to Prisoner Ship 'Equestrian'. RS.49/2
Certificate for well-conducted men embarking with Tickets of Leave, for James Brooks, age 38, joiner, signed by the Governor of Portland Prison, 19 Aug. 1852. RS.49/
astromatt42/digb_sfgs: Release for 10.21203/rs.3.rs-106679/v1
No full textThis release was used to compute the results in https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-106679/v1
For any queries please contact the corresponding author
Long term impact of systemic bacterial infection on the cerebral vasculature and microglia
No full textBackground: Systemic infection leads to generation of inflammatory mediators that result in metabolic and behavioural changes. Repeated or chronic systemic inflammation leads to a state of innate immune tolerance: a protective mechanism against over-activity of the immune system. In this study we investigated the immune adaptation of microglia and brain vascular endothelial cells in response to systemic inflammation or bacterial infection. Methods: Mice were given repeated doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or a single injection of live Salmonella typhimurium. Inflammatory cytokines were measured in serum, spleen and brain, and microglial phenotype studied by immunohistochemistry.mice were infected with Salmonella typhimurium and subsequently challenged with a focal unilateral, intracerebral injection of LPS. Results: Repeated systemic LPS challenges resulted in increased brain IL-1?, TNF? and IL-12 levels, despite attenuated systemic cytokine production. Each LPS challenge induced significant changes in burrowing behaviour. In contrast, brain IL-1? and IL-12 levels in Salmonella typhimurium infected mice increased over three weeks, with high interferon-? levels in the circulation. Behavioural changes were only observed during the acute phase of the infection. Microglia and cerebral vasculature display an activated phenotype, and focal intracerebral injection of LPS 4 weeks after infection results in an exaggerated local inflammatory response when compared to non-infected mice. Conclusions: These studies reveal that the innate immune cells in the brain do not become tolerant to systemic infection, but are primed instead. This may lead to prolonged and damaging cytokine production that may have aprofound effect on the onset and/ or progression of pre-existing neurodegenerative disease.Humans and animals are regularly exposed to bacterial and viral pathogens that can have a considerable impact on our day-to-day living [1]. Upon infection, a set of immune, physiological, metabolic, and behavioural responses is initiated, representing a highly organized strategy of the organism to fight infection. Pro-inflammatory mediators generated in peripheral tissue communicate with the brain to modify behaviour [2], which aids our ability to fight and eliminate the pathogen. The communication pathways from the site of inflammation to the brain have been investigated in animal models and systemic challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or double stranded RNA (poly I:C) have been widely used to mimic aspects of bacterial and viral infection respectively [3, 4]. These studies have provided evidence that systemically generated inflammatory mediators signal to the brain via both neural and humoral routes, the latter signalling via the circumventricular organs or across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Signalling into the brain via these routes evokes a response in the perivascular macrophages (PVMs) and microglia, which in turn synthesise diverse inflammatory mediators including cytokines, prostaglandins and nitric oxide [2, 5, 6]. Immune-to-brain communication also occurs in humans who show changes in mood and cognition following systemic inflammation or infection, which are associated with changes in activity in particular regions of the CNS [7-9]. While these changes are part of our normal homeostasis, it is increasingly evident that systemic inflammation has a detrimental effect in animals and also humans, that suffer from chronic neurodegeneration [10, 11]. We, and others, have shown that microglia become primed by on-going neuropathology in the brain, which increases their response towards subsequent inflammatory stimuli, including systemic inflammation [12, 13] Similar findings have been made in aged rodents [14, 15], where it has been shown that there is an exaggerated behavioural and innate immune response in the brainto systemic bacterial and viral infections, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the microglial priming under these conditions is far from understood.Humans and animals are rarely exposed to a single acute systemic inflammatory event: they rather encounter infectious pathogens that replicate in vivo or are exposed to low concentrations of LPS over a prolonged period of time. There is limited information on the impact of non-neurotrophic bacterial infections on the CNS and whether prolonged systemic inflammation will give rise to either a hyper-(priming) or hypo-(tolerance) innate immune response in the brain in response to a subsequent inflammatory stimulus.In this study we measured the levels of cytokines in the serum, spleen and brain as well as assessing sickness behaviour following a systemic bacterial infection using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261: we compared the effect to that of repeated LPS injections. We show that Salmonella typhimurium caused acute, transient behavioural changes and a robust peripheral immune response that peaks at day 7. Systemic inflammation resulted in a delayed increase in cytokine production in the brain and priming of microglia, which persisted up to four weeks post infection. These effects were not mimicked by repeated LPS challenges. It is well recognised that systemic bacterial and viral infections are significant contributors to morbidity in the elderly [16], and it has been suggested that primed microglia play a role in the increased clinical symptoms seen in patients with Alzheimer’s disease who have systemic inflammation or infections [11, 17]. We show here that systemic infection leads to prolonged cytokine synthesis in the brain and also priming of brain innate immune cells to a subsequent focal inflammatory challenge in the brain parenchyma
Fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas na população idosa rural da Linha Senador Ramiro, Nova Bassano, RS
No full textINTRODUÇÃO: O Brasil passa por intenso crescimento da sua população idosa, transformando-se em um país essencialmente urbano, com sua zona rural cada vez mais envelhecida. A transição nutricional é vista também no campo, ocorrendo aumento do excesso de peso e acarretando maior prevalência de doenças crônicas, grandes causadoras de mortalidade. Nova Bassano localiza-se na encosta superior do Nordeste do RS, sendo que a Linha Senador Ramiro, pertencente à área rural, possui 70 moradores idosos. OBJETIVO: Investigar a presença de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas na população idosa rural da Linha Senador Ramiro do município de Nova Bassano, RS. METODOLOGIA: Após assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, os 70 idosos foram entrevistados em seus domicílios, por meio do questionário Vigitel Brasil 2007 (Ministério da Saúde), composto por variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas, clínicas, dietéticas e comportamentais, ao qual foram incorporados aspectos dietéticos característicos da população rural. Foram considerados fatores de risco o hábito de fumar, o excesso de peso, o consumo de alimentos fonte de gordura saturada, o sedentarismo e o consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas. Fatores de proteção foram considerados a prática de atividade física no lazer, o consumo de frutas e hortaliças e prevenção de câncer. Após a entrevista, foram aferidos o peso, a estatura e a circunferência da cintura (CC). O estado nutricional foi classificado utilizando-se o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) para idosos segundo Lipschitz (1994) e a circunferência da cintura segundo a International Diabetes Federation (2008) e o National Cholesterol Education Program (2001). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da UFRGS. Os dados foram processados e analisados utilizando-se o software SPSS 15.0. Testes utilizados foram: qui-quadrado (x2) e t-Student. Foi usado o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: foram entrevistados 70 idosos, sendo 65,7% mulheres. A viuvez foi mais prevalente no sexo feminino (39,1%). A idade média dos idosos foi de 70,45 ± 7,86 anos (DP) e 70% dos idosos participa de algum grupo de convivência. Realização de exames preventivos: mamografia (78,3%) e citopatológico do colo do útero (47,8%), 57,1% dos idosos consideram a sua saúde regular. O consumo de vegetais e frutas diário foi 85,7% e 68,6%, respectivamente. Já o consumo diário de vinho foi de 54,3% e 72,3% afirmaram não ser sedentários. O consumo diário de banha de porco foi de 75,7%, queijo colonial 75,7% e pão caseiro 87,1%. O tabagismo foi apenas de 7,1%. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 55,9%, 76,5% apresentaram CC com risco aumentado para doenças cardiovasculares e metabólicas, a hipertensão arterial foi a doença crônica mais prevalente (64,3%), sendo maior entre as mulheres (78,3%). CONCLUSÃO: os fatores de risco encontrados foram o elevado consumo de gordura saturada, excesso de peso e elevada CC. Já os de proteção foram consumo regular de frutas e verduras por grande parte da população, baixo sedentarismo, consumo moderado e regular de vinho, baixo tabagismo e a realização de exames preventivos pelo sexo feminino
#nowplaying-rs
No full text<p>The nowplaying-rs dataset features context- and content features of listening events. It contains 11.6 million music listening events of 139K users and 346K tracks collected from Twitter. The dataset comes with a rich set of item content features and user context features, as well as timestamps of the listening events. Moreover, some of the user context features imply the cultural origin of the users, and some others - like hashtags - give clues to the emotional state of a user underlying a listening event.</p>
<p>The dataset contains three files:</p>
<ul>
<li>user_track_hashtag_timestamp.csv contains basic information about each listening event. For each listening event, we provide an id, the user_id, track_id, hashtag, created_at </li>
<li>context_content_features.csv: contains all context and content features. For each listening event, we provide the id of the event, user_id, track_id, artist_id, content features regarding the track mentioned in the event (instrumentalness, liveness, speechiness, danceability, valence, loudness, tempo, acousticness, energy, mode, key) and context features regarding the listening event (coordinates (as geoJSON), place (as geoJSON), geo (as geoJSON), tweet_language, created_at, user_lang, time_zone, entities contained in the tweet).</li>
<li>sentiment_values.csv contains sentiment information for hashtags. It contains the hashtag itself and the sentiment values gathered via four different sentiment dictionaries: AFINN, Opinion Lexicon, Sentistrength Lexicon and vader. For each of these dictionaries we list the minimum, maximum, sum and average of all sentiments of the tokens of the hashtag (if available, else we list empty values). However, as most hashtags only consist of a single token, these values are equal in most cases. Please note that the lexica are rather diverse and therefore, are able to resolve very different terms against a score. Hence, the resulting csv is rather sparse. The file contains the following comma-separated values: <hashtag, vader_min, vader_max, vader_sum,vader_avg, afinn_min, afinn_max, afinn_sum, afinn_avg, ol_min, ol_max, ol_sum, ol_avg, ss_min, ss_max, ss_sum, ss_avg >, where we abbreviate all scores gathered over the Opinion Lexicon with the prefix 'ol'. Similarly, 'ss' stands for SentiStrength. </li>
</ul>
<p>Please note that user_track_hashtag_timestamp.csv and context_content_features.csv partly provide the same features. We deliberately chose to do so to be able to provide useable files that do not have to be matched and joined with each other to perform e.g., simple recommendation tasks.</p>
<p>Please also find the training and test-splits for the dataset in this repo. Also, Asmita provides prototypical implementations of a context-aware recommender system based on the dataset at https://github.com/asmitapoddar/nowplaying-RS-Music-Reco-FM.</p>
<p><br>
If you make use of this dataset, please cite the following paper where we describe and experiment with the dataset:</p>
<p>@inproceedings{smc18,<br>
title = {#nowplaying-RS: A New Benchmark Dataset for Building Context-Aware Music Recommender Systems},<br>
author = {Asmita Poddar and Eva Zangerle and Yi-Hsuan Yang},<br>
url = {http://mac.citi.sinica.edu.tw/~yang/pub/poddar18smc.pdf},<br>
year = {2018},<br>
date = {2018-07-04},<br>
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th Sound & Music Computing Conference},<br>
address = {Limassol, Cyprus},<br>
note = {code at https://github.com/asmitapoddar/nowplaying-RS-Music-Reco-FM},<br>
tppubtype = {inproceedings}<br>
}</p>
Converter USB/RS 485
No full textThis thesis is describing problematic of realisation of converter from USB type media into the universal RS-485 bus which is mainly used for the industrial applications (author is using frequently as a device in order to enable communication between server and RFID devices). This thesis contains theoretical information, realisation of the device itself and assesment of reached targets
Converter USB/RS 485
No full textThis thesis is describing problematic of realisation of converter from USB type media into the universal RS-485 bus which is mainly used for the industrial applications (author is using frequently as a device in order to enable communication between server and RFID devices). This thesis contains theoretical information, realisation of the device itself and assesment of reached targets
Voxelwise rs-fMRI representation learning: A non-linear variational approach
No full textResting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has become an important imaging modality and is commonly used to study intrinsic brain networks. These networks can be obtained by decomposing rs-fMRI data into components, using independent component analysis (ICA). Recently, these ICA components have been used as inputs for neural networks to learn complex relations between the intrinsic networks of the brain and mental disorders or demographic variables. Instead of training a non-linear classifier on these linearly decomposed components, this work asks whether unsupervised representation learning can lead to linearly separable representations for multiple downstream tasks. We propose to apply non-linear representation learning to voxelwise rs-fMRI data. Learning the non-linear representations is done using two versions of a variational autoencoder (VAE). The first version is a vanilla VAE with 3D residual blocks in both its encoder and decoder. The second version is based on the identifiable VAE and uses a time-dependent prior. The models train to reconstruct the original input data from latent variables it infers. Three predictive models then evaluate the predictive power of the latent variables on an age regression, a sex classification, and a schizophrenia classification task. Each of the predictive models performs predictions for each of the three tasks. The predictive models are a support vector machine (SVM), a k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) model, and a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network.We show that our method performs exceptionally well on the age regression and sex classification tasks without any supervision. These results imply that VAEs can model predictive variations in their latent spaces for demographic variables. The models, however, do not do well on the schizophrenia classification task, even when the models are pretrained. Despite the lower performance on the schizophrenia classification task, the overall results are encouraging and pave the way for future work on voxelwise representation learning.Electrical Engineering | Embedded SystemsBiomedical Engineerin
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ИЗДАНИЙ РОМАННОГО ТВОРЧЕСТВА МИР ДЖАЛАЛА
No full textIn the article, the author of advanced ideas, explores published copies of novelist Mir Jalal's novels "The Resurrection Man (1936)", "The Open Book (1945)", "People of the Same Age,1948", "The New City (1951)", "Where are we going” (1957) comparative analysis. The repeated publication of the novels of the Soviet in the Soviet era or in the modern era, always proves the relevance of the talented creator. Two of the five novels of Mir Jalal, the one we talked about, have been the subject of past and the third one.In the article, the author of advanced ideas, explores published copies of novelist Mir Jalal's novels "The Resurrection Man (1936)", "The Open Book (1945)", "People of the Same Age,1948", "The New City (1951)", "Where are we going” (1957) comparative analysis. The repeated publication of the novels of the Soviet in the Soviet era or in the modern era, always proves the relevance of the talented creator. Two of the five novels of Mir Jalal, the one we talked about, have been the subject of past and the third one
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