1,720,973 research outputs found
Use of restorative justice and restorative practices in prison: a systematic literature review
No full textAim: recent years have seen an increasing use of restorative justice (RJ) and restorative practices (RP) in prison. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic literature review analysing research studies concerning RJ and PR within adult and/or juvenile prisons. The aim was to investigate whether and which restorative practices are applied, and the results obtained. Methods: the scientific articles included in the study were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: 1) years of publication between 2010 and 2023; 2) adult and/or juvenile prisons; 3) English-language literature; 4) full texts accessible directly or upon request to the author(s). 11 studies were included in this study and a qualitative synthesis was carried out. Results: the most widely used restorative practice in prisons is circle (n = 9), followed by victim-offender mediation (VOM) (n = 4) and restorative conferences (n = 3). The application of RP produced positive results in terms of: promotion of conflict management skills and problem solving strategies; interpersonal relations within the prison and with the community; taking responsibility in terms of awareness of the harm caused to the victim; promotion of social and emotional skills. Conclusions: results highlighted the need to apply restorative justice and its practices in prisons as an alternative and innovative approach to conflict management, in prisoners' treatment pathways and the related difficulties and challenges in their application. However, scientific studies on this topic are limited and therefore further studies on the impact of RJ and RP in prison settings are needed
Simposio: Il supporto alla costruzione dei percorsi di carriera in contesti "complessi"
No full textLo scenario attuale pone orientatori e orientatrici a promuovere sempre più azioni che mirino a facilitare e supportare le traiettorie di vita e di carriera delle persone, soprattutto quando queste si trovano, o possono trovarsi, in condizioni di vulnerabilità. Tali condizioni vengono spesso esacerbate da processi di etichettamento sociale nei confronti, per esempio, di minori e giovani adulte/i che sono venute/i a contatto con il sistema giustizia, o comunque con altri sistemi che generano e riproducono situazioni di fragilità. Stereotipi e pregiudizi nei loro confronti (e nei confronti delle loro possibili aspirazioni e dei loro sé possibili) costituiscono spesso la principale barriera che ne esclude e limita i percorsi di carriera e, al contempo, rende le nostre comunità sempre meno inclusive e sostenibili.
La sfida a cui siamo chiamati/e è quella di poter assicurare alle persone la possibilità di accedere a percorsi formativi e professionali che non le vincolino ulteriormente a posizioni di “basso prestigio e riconoscimento sociale”. Obiettivo dell’orientamento in questo campo dovrebbe essere quello di promuovere percorsi orientati al supporto delle persone nel raggiungere gli obiettivi educativi, nel progettare il proprio futuro, nel costruire aspirazioni laddove le aspirazioni non vengono coltivate, spesso proprio per rigidità e pregiudizi dei sistemi e delle comunità, al sostenere in definitiva processi di capability.
In questo senso, ogni professionista che opera in contesti “complessi” dovrebbe poter superare lapropria stretta sfera di competenza, divenire promotore/trice di azioni che generino cambiamenti nel singolo e nella comunità, nell’ottica del miglioramento della qualità della vita delle persone e dei processi di inclusione
Assorbimento, trasformazione e lisciviazione dell'urea in alcuni terreni toscani
No full textThe behaviour of urea in some representative soils of Tuscany was examined. The urea sorption was found to be directly proportional to organic matter content and C.E.C., and inversely to pH.
The values of the urea transformation rate were in agreement with the ones found by other Authors in similar conditions.
Notable amounts of the leaching losses were solely found in sandy soils when exposed to high precipitations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Adaptation and Validation of the Academic Stress Scale in the Italian Context: Latent Structure, Reliability, and Concurrent Validity
No full textThe present study describes the Italian adaptation of the Academic Stressors Scale (E-CEA) of the Academic Stress Questionnaire, evaluating the relationships with general and domain-specific well-being and verifying the significant predictors and the amount of variance explained by the “non-intellective” academic competencies on the scores of student stress dimensions. The participants are 1305 students from all the different degree courses. The Italian version of the E-CEA, composed of 38 items, showed good psychometric properties both in terms of reliability and factorial structure with good fit indices. The 6 sub-dimensions, for the most part overlapping with those of the original version of the instrument, show good construct and concurrent validity as negative relationships were found with general and domain-specific well-being indices. With regard to the regressions performed, several dimensions of “non-intellective” academic competencies turned out to be significant predictors (with negative effect) with respect to the stress levels perceived in the academic environment by university students: in particular, time organization, emotional control, the ability to relate to professors and intrinsic motivation could decrease stress levels, while dedication to study and the tendency to involve one’s parents in one’s university career seemed to increase stress levels. Regarding the practical implications of the results, suggestions are provided in supporting the career paths of students to reduce risk factors for stress development and to promote academic well-being
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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