1,721,010 research outputs found
Rcenzja: "Red Gas. Russia and the Origins of European Energy Dependence" / Per Högselius. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2014. ISBN 1137293713
No full textPer Högselius pokazuje, jak polityczni i gospodarczy decydenci po obu stronach Żelaznej Kurtyny już pod koniec lat sześćdziesiątych ubiegłego wieku realizowali stopniową rozbudowę handlu gazem ziemnym ponad granicami blokowymi, kładąc tym samym kamień węgielny pod infrastrukturę, która umożliwia do dziś wzrastający import gazu ziemnego do europy. Na podstawie drobiazgowych badań źródłowych autor wyjaśnia, dlaczego wstąpiono akurat na drogę kooperacji energetycznej między Związkiem Radzieckim i Europą Zachodnią pomimo, żelogika Zimnej Wojny fundamentalnie sprzeciwiała się intensyfikacji współpracy. Autor naświetla też pozycję Stanów Zjednoczonych, które po wkroczeniu Związku Radzieckiego do Afganistanu oraz w okresie stanu wojennego w Polsce zasadniczo oponowały wzrastającą zależność Europy Zachodniej od radzieckiego zaopatrzenia w energię
Rezension: "Red Gas. Russia and the Origins of European Energy Dependence" / Per Högselius. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2014. ISBN 1137293713
No full textPer Högselius legt dar, wie und warum politische und wirtschaftliche Entscheidungsträger die schrittweise Ausweitung des Erdgashandels über die Blockgrenzen hinweg durchsetzen konnten. Auf der Grundlage minutiöser Quellenstudien erklärt der Autor, warum gerade dieser kooperative Entwicklungspfad zwischen der Sowjetunion und Westeuropa eingeschlagen wurde. Immerhin widersprach eine Intensivierung der Zusammenarbeit durch den Eisernen Vorhang hindurch fundamental der Logik des Kalten Krieges. Hier geht der Autor auch auf die Position der Amerikaner ein, die insbesondere nach dem sowjetischen Einmarsch in Afghanistan sowie der polnischen Krise zu Beginn der 1980er Jahre ein vehementer Gegner steigender westeuropäischer Abhängigkeiten von sowjetischen Energielieferungen waren
Review: "Red Gas. Russia and the Origins of European Energy Dependence" / Per Högselius. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2014. ISBN 1137293713
No full textIn Red Gas, Per Högselius provides a historical review of the build-out of Soviet gas export infrastructure and the negotiations over accompanying contracts between Moscow and its first capitalist clients during the 1960s and 1970s.
It seeks to explain the puzzle of contemporary European reliance on Russian gas, putting in context the disputes over transit and pricing in today's market environment with the first in-depth investigation.
The book takes a Large Technical Systems approach to the issue, and combines significant archival research with press coverage from the time. Considerable attention is given to the decision-making processes within the Soviet planning structure, and also by German and Austrian stakeholders eager to secure new supplies of gas
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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