12,864 research outputs found
Italian perspectives on world-ecology
No full textThe special issue addressed the thought of Jason Moore, puttin his world-ecology perspective in conversation with Italian scholarship. After an introduction by the editors, an interview with Jason Moore is proposed, followed by commentaries from Viviana Asara, Laura Centemeri, Alessandra Corrado, Alice Dal Gobbo, Andrea Ghelfi, Luigi Pellizzoni, Salvo Torre. A series of articles on related topics by Gennaro Avallone, Maura Benegiamo, Marco Fama, Emanuele Leonardi and Elena Musolino is subsequently hoste
ITALIAN PERSPECTIVES ON WORLD-ECOLOGY
No full textThe special issue addressed the thought of Jason Moore, puttin his world-ecology perspective in conversation with Italian scholarship. After an introduction by the editors, an interview with Jason Moore is proposed, followed by commentaries from Viviana Asara, Laura Centemeri, Alessandra Corrado, Alice Dal Gobbo, Andrea Ghelfi, Luigi Pellizzoni, Salvo Torre. A series of articles on related topics by Gennaro Avallone, Maura Benegiamo, Marco Fama, Emanuele Leonardi and Elena Musolino is subsequently hoste
Attitudes of rural population in emergency exposure situations
No full textPeople growing crops in kitchen gardens eat locally self-produced food and are the subject of growing
attention as the potential for a more sustainable development. A survey was carried out in two provinces
in northern Italy to gather information on the consumption of local horticultural products, peoples’
expectations of authorities in the case of a nuclear accident and peoples’ behaviour in the absence of
official information. Results show that up to 70% of the owners of kitchen gardens possess diets
comprised of more than 60% of self-produced vegetables and can be regarded as particular groups of
population. In the case of a dispersion of radioactive material, the local population would take advantage
of official information on preventive measures to protect farms and local crops from contamination.
Results of the survey show differences in the attitude of the population due to age, gender and past
experience
La contaminazione alimentare secondo l'autocontrollo delle aziende di filiera. La valutazione dell'osservatorio nazionale dei residui (ONR).
No full textThe aim of this work was evaluate the degree of contamination of the consumer on the basis of data collected in different food matrices by the Centre National Residues (ONR) between 2001-2010 years. The low levels of contamination in the food chain and to the final consumer were shown, confirming in this way the important work of ONR for for the management of food risk
CARATTERIZZAZIONE FITOCHIMICA ED ATTIVITA' BIOLOGICA DI PIANTE DEL GENERE ALOE
No full textIn questo lavoro scientifico è stato studiato il contenuto di aloine e beta-polisaccaridi in piante di Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera) ed Aloe arborescens, in relazione ad alcuni fattori di variabilità quali la specie, l’età, la tipologia di tessuto vegetale analizzato e le condizioni di coltivazione. Ulteriori analisi hanno permesso di studiare la loro stabilità in differenti matrici, il loro potere antiossidante ed antimicrobico, mediante studi in vitro. E’ stato inoltre effettuato un ulteriore studio, in vivo, somministrando un omogeneizzato d’Aloe arborescens fresco a bovine da latte in periparto, con lo scopo di valutare l’eventuale assorbimento di aloina, correlandolo ad eventuali effetti benefici. Nel derma è concentrata l’aloina, molto abbondante in piante di tre anni, mentre nella porzione fogliare interna gelatinosa, i beta-polisaccaridi. Il profilo fitochimico inoltre pare essere influenzato dalle condizioni di stress cui la coltura viene sottoposta, in particolare sembra che lo stress salino e la scarsa disponibilità in azoto, promuovano la sintesi delle principali bio-componenti studiate. Lo stesso contenuto inoltre è stato positivamente correlato al grado di luminosità percepita dalla coltura. Entrambe le componenti sono poco stabili e molto sensibili alle alte temperature, presentano inoltre ridotta capacità antiossidante. In sinergia con altre biocomponenti, pare possiedano proprietà antimicrobiche contro alcuni batteri patogeni, mentre entro certe dosi mostrano effetti pre-biotici, nei confronti di alcuni lattobacilli. E’ stato infine dimostrato dalla sperimentazione in vivo un assorbimento ematico di aloina, dimostrando in questo modo la sua sistemicità.The relationship between Aloe main active components and plant age, specie and grow conditions has been investigated in Aloe barbadensis and A. arborescens, the commercially most used species of the genus. Aloin was mainly located in leaves outer green rid while beta-polysaccharides in inner parenchyma. Aloin concentration was higher in younger plants. Plants grown under decrising light intensities showed lower aloin and beta-polysaccharides concentrations. The content of these substances is improved by stress condition. The most antioxidant activity is located in the outer green rid of the leaves and it was slightly correlated to the total phenolic compounds content. Aloin and beta-polysaccharides stability in leaf homogenate was poor and temperature seemed to be quite more effective in reducing degradation. Antimicrobial effect against to phatogen microorganisms of anthraquinones aloin and alo-emodin and different Aloe extracts was confirmed. Prebiotic effects to Lactobacillus were discovered and a synergistic effect of several compounds was supposed. Systemic effect of aloin was explained by vivo experiments (on cows) because aloin is observed until 24 h after the oral administration of Aloe, thus metabolic and physiologic effects may be expected
Antimicrobial activity of different Aloe barbadensis Mill. and Aloe arborescens Mill. leaf fractions
No full textThe interest on Aloe based natural products is fast growing during recent years, particularly regarding their nutraceutical and antimicrobial properties. However, the information available on this item is limited and discrepancies can be found in literature. In this work, the antimicrobial properties of Aloe barbadensis Miller and Aloe arborescens Miller dermal and inner gel leaf fractions on the growth of five microorganisms were studied. Generally, gram positive were more susceptible than gram negative microorganisms and a lower activity of all fractions against the beneficial Saccharomyces boulardii was observed. Albeit the antimicrobial effect of pure anthraquinones aloin and aloe emodin was confirmed, a higher activity was observed for the methanol/ethyl acetate extracts of epidermis and for the water extract of the gel. A synergistic effect of several compounds, additional to the anthraquinones considered, should therefore be supposed. Conclusively, the Aloe extracts had an antimicrobial activity which is strongly related to the plant species and leaf fraction considered and which is a function of the microorganism considered
Stability of the main Aloe fractions and Aloe-based commercial products under different conditions
No full textAloe-based household preparations and commercial products are used
worldwide as a source of nutraceutical compounds, among which anthraquinones and
acemannan are the most known. However, it is reported that improper storage conditions
could lead to significant degradation processes, resulting in a low content of active substances.
The aim of this work was to study the stability of aloin and â-polysaccharides
in aloe-based products during storage, as a function of temperature and chemical agents
added.
Generally, aloin degradation in whole leaf homogenate was fast, and neither
ascorbate nor the antimicrobial agents could increase stability; a lower temperature
slightly improved stability, (DT50 up to 26 days at +4°C). Regarding the stability of
â-polysaccharides, a strong influence of the storage temperature was observed, while
antimicrobial agents did not show significant reduction of degradation. For both compounds,
household and commercial products were significantly more stable
Anthraquinones and b-polysaccharides content and distribution in Aloe plants grown under different light intensities
No full textThe curative and therapeutic effects of Aloe plants have mostly been ascribed to anthraquinones such as aloin, and to some characteristic b-polysaccharides. Although the actual concentration of these bioactives in Aloe plants has not yet been fully clarified, it was expected that plant species, age and growth conditions would play an important role. The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between species, light intensity and
the content of bioactives in Aloe arborescens Mill. and Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.Aloin was determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: Its concentration
was higher in the leaves of younger plants and there was more in A. vera than in A. arborescens. The content of b-polysaccharides was determined colorimetrically after binding with Congo Red dye. The results were not affected by plant age, and oncentrations
were higher in A. vera than in A. arborescens.
Finally, even though the type of tunnel (and therefore light spectrum) under which plants were grown seemed to have no effect on the content of bioactives, the plants grown under reduced light intensities had significantly lower aloin and b-polysaccharides concentrations
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