1,720,955 research outputs found
Prostate cancer : comparative study of complete and partial embedding in radical prostatectomy surgical specimen
No full textOrientador: Athanase BillisDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: O carcinoma da próstata é um dos mais incidentes entre os homens de todas as regiões do país, quando não consideramos os tumores de pele não melanomas. Nos últimos anos, o número de prostatectomias radicais por carcinoma da próstata aumentou significativamente em nosso meio, com a consequente elevação do número deste tipo de espécime cirúrgico na rotina dos laboratórios de anatomia patológica. Os achados histopatológicos do espécime de prostatectomia radical permitem a detecção de fatores prognósticos relevantes. Seu processamento completo proporciona avaliação por inteiro das margens cirúrgicas (MC+) e extensão neoplásica extraprostática (EEP). Contudo, este é um método oneroso, trabalhoso, demorado e, por vezes, inviável na prática de muitos laboratórios de anatomia patológica. Dessa forma, vários métodos alternativos de processamento parcial de prostatectomias radicais tem sido propostos na literatura, no intuito de reduzir cada vez mais a amostragem tecidual, sem que haja prejuízo quanto às informações sobre os fatores prognósticos de impacto. Este trabalho tem por finalidade comparar dois métodos de processamento histológico de prostatectomia radical (PR): o protocolo de processamento completo utilizado no Departamento de Anatomia Patológica (DAP)/Unicamp e métodos de processamento parcial do espécime. O objetivo é detectar os métodos de processamento parcial com maior número de informações prognósticas comparativamente com o do processamento completo. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo baseado na avaliação de 113 espécimes cirúrgicos de prostatectomias radicais consecutivas realizadas nesta Universidade, além dos dados dos laudos anatomopatológicos referentes às biópsias transretais (BTR) prévias correspondentes, no período de janeiro de 1997 a julho de 2014, em relação a fatores prognósticos relevantes, tais como o comprometimento neoplásico das margens cirúrgicas de ressecção, a extensão neoplásica extraprostática e a invasão tumoral de vesículas seminais e ductos deferentes. Para tanto, foram elaboradas 7 propostas de processamento parcial do espécime de PR a serem testadas, com e sem utilização dos dados das BTR prévias. As prostatectomias radicais foram avaliadas por meio dos laudos anatomopatológicos e do desenho esquemático correspondente a cada laudo dos arquivos do Departamento de Anatomia Patológica da FCM-Unicamp. Dos métodos de amostragem parcial, aqueles que levaram em consideração os laudos da BTR prévia obtiveram os melhores resultados: o método 5 (processamento de todos os quadrantes ipsilaterais ao lado predominante alternadamente com o quadrante posterior contralateral) detectou 93,9% e 82,5% de MC+ e EEP, respectivamente; o método 6 (processamento de todos os quadrantes posteriores alternadamente com os quadrantes anteriores do lado predominante) detectou 91,8% e 73,7% de MC+ e EEP, respectivamente; o método 7 (processamento de todos os quadrantes posteriores alternadamente com todos os quadrantes - anteriores e posteriores - do lado predominante) detectou 89,8% e 82,5% de MC+ e EEP, respectivamente. Os métodos 5, 6 e 7 reduziram o número de lâminas confeccionadas em 36,9%, 37,6% e 50,0%, respectivamente. Quanto às vesículas seminais e ductos deferentes, em todos os casos onde houve comprometimento do ducto deferente ou dos terços médio ou distal da vesícula seminal necessariamente também havia comprometimento do terço proximal da vesículaAbstract: The prostate carcinoma is one of the most incident ones among men in all regions of the country without consider non-melanoma skin tumors. In the latest years, the number of radical prostatectomies by prostate carcinoma has considerably increased, with the consequent elevation of the number of this type of surgical specimen in the routine of the pathological anatomy laboratories. The histopathological findings of the radical prostatectomy specimen allows the detection of relevant prognostic factors. Its complete processing provides full evaluation of the surgical margins (MC+) and extraprostatic extension (EEP). Nevertheless, this is an expensive, laborious, slow and, sometimes, unfeasible method in the practice of several surgical pathology laboratories. In this way, several alternative methods of partial processing of radical prostatectomies have been proposed in the literature in order to increasingly reduce the tissue sampling without prejudice to the information about the impact prognostic factors. This work has the aim of comparing two methods of histological processing of radical protastectomy (PR): the complete processing protocol used in the Division of Anatomic Pathology (DAP)/Unicamp and partial processing methods of the specimen. The objective is to detect the partial processing methods with most number of prognostic information in comparison with the complete processing one. It is a retrospective study based on the evaluation of 113 surgical specimens of consecutive radical prostatectomies performed at this University, besides the anatomopathological reports of the corresponding previous transretal biopsies (BTR), from January 1997 to July 2014, related to relevant prognostic factors, such as the neoplastic involvement of the surgical resection margins, the extraprostatic extension and the tumoral invasion of seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia. Therefore, it were developed 7 proposals of partial processing of the PR specimen to be tested, with and without the use of the previous BTR data. The radical prostatectomies were evaluated by the anatomopathological reports and the schematic drawing correspondent to each report of the Division of Anatomic Pathology (DAP) of the FCM-Unicamp. Among the partial sampling methods, the ones which took into consideration the reports of the previous BTR obtained better results: the method 5 (processing of all ipsilateral quadrants to the predominant side alternately with the contralateral posterior quadrant) detected 93,9% and 82,5% of MC+ and EEP, respectively; the method 6 (processing of all posterior quadrants alternately with the anterior quadrants of the predominant side) detected 91,8% and 73,7% of MC+ and EEP, respectively; the method 7 (processing of all the posterior quadrants alternately with all the ¿ anterior and posterior ¿ quadrants of the predominant side) detected 89,8% and 82,5% of MC+ and EEP, respectively. The methods 5, 6 and 7 reduced the number of ready-made slides in 36,9%, 37,6% and 50,0%, respectively. Regarding to the seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia, in all cases where there was involvement of either the vas deferens or either the middle or distal thirds of the seminal vesicle, necessarily there was also the involvement of the proximal third of the seminal vesicleMestradoAnatomia PatologicaMestre em Ciências Médica
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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