1,720,954 research outputs found
Investigation of possible anticancer effects of Dianthus orientalis extract on colon cancer cell line
No full textAmaç: Kolon kanserinde adjuvan ve neoadjuvan yeni ajanların ortaya çıkması hastalara sunulacak tedaviler açısından önemlidir. Klinik kullanımda olan ilaçların çoğunluğu bitkisel kaynaklıdır. Dianthus türleride içerdiği fenolik bileşikler ile antikanser ajan olabilecek potansiyelde olmakla birlikte literatürde az sayıda veri bulunmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmada Dianthus orientalis ekstraktının kolon kanser hücre hattındaki olası antikanser etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla apopitoz ve kaspaz yolağında rol oynayan gen ekspresyonlarındaki değişikliklerin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Materyal ve Metod: Dianthus orientalis ekstraktı hazır toz halinde temin edildi. Ekstraktlar hekzan, diklorometan (DCM), etil asetat (EA), ethanol (EtOH), ethanol/su (%70) ve su gibi farklı çözücülerde hazırlandı. Bitki ekstraktlarının kimyasal kompozisyon analizleri HPLC-MS tekniği kullanılarak belirlendi. Bu analiz hizmet alımı şeklinde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmada HT-29 kolon kanser hücre hattı ve kontrol grubu olarak da HEK-293 sağlıklı embriyonik böbrek hücre hattı ile CCD sağlıklı kolon hücre hattı kullanıldı. HT-29 ve HEK-293 hücre hattı temin edilen bu hücreler, %10 FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) ve %1 penisilin/streptomisin (100 U/ml penisilin ve 100 μg/ml streptomisin) içeren RPMI kültür ortamında flasklarda kültüre ekildi. Hücreler kültür ortamında yeterli sayıya ulaştıktan sonra PBS ile yıkanarak % 0,25 Trypsin-EDTA aracılığıyla enzimatik olarak kültür ortamında kaldırılıp FBS içeren besiyeri ile inaktive edildi. Çalışma için yeterli miktardaki hücreler ile çalışmaya devam edilen diğer hücrelerin %10 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) protokolü ile kriyoprezervasyonu yapılarak -80°C de stoklandı. Çalışmaya devam edilen hücrelerin 37°C ve %5’lik CO2’li ortamda kültüre ekilen, besiyerleri iki günde bir yenilenerek ve yeterli sayıya ulaşana kadar bu işlem tekrar edildi. Yeterli hücre sayısına ulaşılan hücreler yeni kültür ortamlarına alınıp hücre sayımı yapıldı. Sonrasında sitotoksisite analizi, real time
polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ve flow sitometrik analizler yapılarak veriler istatistiksel analize alındı.
Bulgular: DiO22 uygulanılan grupta antiapoptotik genler olan Bcl-XL ve Bcl-2 ekspresyonlarında anlamlı olarak azalma tespit edildi. Proapoptotik gen ekspresyonlarında ise Apaf-1, Bax, Bak, p53 ve ATM gen ekspresyonlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış tespit edildi.
DiO23 uygulanılan grupta antiapoptotik genler olan Bcl-XL ve Bcl-2 ekspresyonlarında anlamlı olarak azalma tespit edildi. Proapoptotik gen ekspresyonlarında ise Apaf-1, Bax, Bak, p53 ve ATM gen ekspresyonlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamız Dianthus orientalis bitkisine ait iki farklı şekilde hazırlanmış olan DiO22 ve DiO23 ekstraktlarının kolon kanser hücre hattında antiapoptotik genleri baskıladığı görüldü. Proapototik ile kaspaz yolağındaki başlatıcı ve efektör kaspaz gen ekspresyonlarını aktive ettiğini gösterdi. İlave olarak flow sitometrik apopitoz analizindeki DiO22 grubunda erken apopitozda, DiO23 grubunda geç apopitoz oranındaki kontrole göre artmış apopitoz oranı gen ekspresyon sonuçlarını da destekler nitelikteydi.Objective: The emergence of new adjuvant and neoadjuvant agents in colon cancer is important for the treatments offered to patients. The majority of drugs in clinical use are of plant origin. Although Dianthus species have the potential to be anticancer agents with the phenolic compounds they contain, there is little data in the literature. Starting from this point, the study aimed to evaluate the possible anticancer effects of Dianthus orientalis extract on the colon cancer cell line. For this purpose, it was aimed to determine the changes in gene expressions that play a role in apoptosis and caspase pathway. Material and Method: Dianthus orientalis extract will be supplied in ready powder form. Extracts will be prepared in different solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol (EtOH), ethanol/water (70%) and water. Chemical composition analyzes of plant extracts will be determined using the HPLC-MS technique. This analysis will be carried out in the form of service procurement. In the study, HT-29 colon cancer cell line and HEK-293 healthy embryonic kidney cell line and CCD healthy colon cell line will be used as control groups. HT-29 and HEK-293 cell lines will be obtained and these cells will be cultured in flasks in RPMI culture medium containing 10% FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (100 U/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin). After the cells reach a sufficient number in the culture medium, they will be washed with PBS, enzymatically removed from the culture medium by 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA, and inactivated with the medium containing FBS. Sufficient cells for the study and other cells that will continue to be used will be cryopreserved with a 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) protocol and stored at -80°C. The cells that continue to be studied will be cultured in an
environment of 37°C and 5% CO2, the media will be renewed every two days, and this process will be repeated until the sufficient number is reached. Cells with sufficient cell numbers will be transferred to new culture media and cell counts will be performed. Afterwards, cytotoxicity analysis, real time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometric analyzes will be performed and the data will be obtained and taken into statistical analysis. Findings: A significant decrease in the expressions of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, which are antiapoptotic genes, was detected in the DiO22 applied group. As for pro-apoptotic gene expressions, a statistically significant increase was detected in Apaf-1, Bax, Bak, p53 and ATM gene expressions. A significant decrease in the expressions of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2, which are antiapoptotic genes, was detected in the DiO23 applied group. As for pro-apoptotic gene expressions, a statistically significant increase was detected in Apaf-1, Bax, Bak, p53 and ATM gene expressions. Results: Our study showed that DiO22 and DiO23 extracts of the Dianthus orientalis plant, prepared in two different ways, activated the apoptosis pathway in the colon cancer cell line by suppressing antiapoptotic genes and activating the initiator and effector caspase gene expressions in the proapototic and caspase pathway. In addition, in the flow cytometric apoptosis analysis, the increased early apoptosis rate in the DiO22 group and late apoptosis rate in the DiO23 group compared to the control also supported the gene expression results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
