1,355,876 research outputs found
Efficient allocations with moral hazard and hidden borrowing and lending: A recursive formulation
No full textWe propose a tractable recursive framework to study the optimal allocation of consumption and effort in a dynamic setting with moral hazard where agents have secret access to the credit market or to storage. The recursive structure is based on a generalized first-order approach, whose validity must be verified ex post. Thanks to the recursive formulation of the optimal contract, the verification procedure turns out to be numerically parsimonious as it can be performed using standard dynamic programming techniques with only one endogenous state variable: The agent's level of assets. We study the performance of our ex post verification test in practice by solving numerically three representative infinite horizon examples. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
The Preventive Pedagogy of Saint Ludovico Pavoni
No full textSaint Ludovico Pavoni was born in Brescia (Italy) in 1784 and died in Saiano (Brescia) in 1849. He dedicated his life to the training of young people and children through the workshops and a characteristic educational method. Priest, man of God, apostle of the world of work, pioneer of vocational training even before John Bosco, father of orphans and deaf mutes, and forerunner of the Catholic publishing house. In 1847, he founded the Congregation of the Sons of Mary Immaculate (Pavonians). In 1821, he gave rise to the Institute of San Bernabé, a ‘School of Crafts’, so that “the homeless and the most neglected by the parents themselves, find a free shelter and they will surely grow up educated in the honorable arts”. For 30 years, Pavoni would direct this Institute by directing the educational method and the workshops (typography, forge, binding...), for the results obtained, and for prevention and treatment of situations that were, in the 19th century, true social scourges. Here, Pavoni developed his own method, being at the forefront of pedagogues of the 19th century, a method based on the love for kids, rationality, the importance of work, emulation and honour, prevention and the gospel. Even now, the Pavonian family continues to work on Pavoni’s tracks.Pedagogia prewencyjna świętego Ludwika PavoniŚw. Ludwik Pavoni urodził się w Brescii (Włochy) w 1784 roku i zmarł w Saiano (Brescia) w 1849 roku. Swoje życie poświęcił wychowaniu młodzieży i dzieci poprzez warsztaty i specyficzną metodę edukacyjną. Kapłan, człowiek Boży, apostoł świata pracy, pionier nauczania zawodowego wyprzedzający w tym obszarze Jana Bosco, ojciec sierot i głuchoniemych, założyciel katolickiego wydawnictwa. W 1847 r. założył Zgromadzenie Synów Maryi Niepokalanej (pawonianie). W 1821 r. dał początek Instytutowi Świętego Barnaby, „Szkole Rzemiosła”, tak aby „bezdomni i najbardziej zaniedbywani przez samych rodziców znaleźli schronienie i dorastali kształceni w szlachetnych sztukach”. Przez 30 lat Pavoni będzie kierować tym instytutem, wskazując metody edukacyjne oraz warsztaty (typografia, kuźnia, wiązanie...), dla uzyskania pożądanych wyników oraz zapobiegania i leczenia sytuacji, które w XIX wieku stanowiły prawdziwe plagi społeczne. Tutaj Pavoni opracował własną metodę, stając na czele pedagogów w XIX wieku, metodę opartą na miłości do dzieci, racjonalności, znaczeniu pracy, naśladowaniu i honorze, zapobieganiu i Ewangelii. Również współcześnie pawonianie wykorzystują ścieżki wyznaczone przez św. Ludwika Pavoni
A Plea for Legal Peace
No full textThis contribution advocates legal peace between Germany and Italy as the most sensible and appropriate way to deal with the aftermath of Sentenza 238 of the Italian Constitutional Court and its declaration of unconstitutionality of the 2012 ICJ Jurisdictional Immunities decision. This plea does not only arise from frustration with the current impasse, but also from the suspicion that the public good of legal peace has never seriously been canvassed by the Italian and German Governments. Section 2 takes stock of the legal developments relating to the dispute between Germany and Italy since Sentenza 238 was delivered in October 2014. It especially focuses on the attitudes of the Governments concerned both in the context of the ongoing proceedings before Italian courts and elsewhere. It finds such attitudes opaque and unduly dismissive of the necessity to devise legal peace in the interest of the victims and of the integrity of international law. Section 3 highlights how the behaviour of the Governments so far is at odds with the successful outcome of intergovernmental negotiations concerning reparations for World War II (WWII) crimes, a process which is still ongoing, as evidenced by the 2014 Agreement between the US and France on compensation for the French railroad deportees who were excluded from prior French reparation programmes. The US/France Agreement and all previous similar arrangements were concluded under the mounting pressure of litigation before domestic courts against the States (and/or their companies) which were responsible for unredressed WWII crimes, thus in a situation resembling the current state of the dispute between Germany and Italy. It is telling that that litigation ended when the courts took cognizance of the conclusion of intergovernmental agreements establishing fair mechanisms for compensating the plaintiffs and victims. Such practice is therefore essentially in line with the proposition that State immunity (for human rights violations) is conditional on effective alternative remedies for the victims. This and other controversial aspects of the law of State immunity – such as the nature of State immunity, the North American remedies against immunity for State sponsors of terrorism, the persistent dynamism of the relevant practice – are revisited in Section 4. The purpose is to suggest that the certainty about the law of international immunities allegedly flowing from the 2012 ICJ decision is more apparent than real and that this consideration should a fortiori urge the realization of legal peace in the Germany v Italy affair
Al di qua. contributo allo studio dei fenomeni spiritici
No full textAl di qua : contributo allo studio dei fenomeni spiritici / Leo Pavoni ; con introduzione del prof. Pietro Blaserna. - Torino [etc.] : Roux e Viarengo, 1902
Dedica manoscritta dell\u27autore: A Emilio Bodrero, affettuosamente / Leo Pavoni / 10.VII.902
https://galileodiscovery.unipd.it/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=39UPD_INST:VU1&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99001016075020604
Organotin compounds in surface sediments from seaports on the Gulf of Gdansk (southern Baltic Coast)
No full textSediment samples were collected in two Polish ports of international significance-the Port of Gdańsk and the Port of Gdynia (Gulf of Gdańsk, Baltic Sea)-in order to assess their butyltin and phenyltin contamination; this was done in 2008, just after the total ban on using harmful organotins in antifouling paints on ships came into force. Altogether, 21 sampling stations were chosen to present a diversity of port sites: from port canals and shipyards to anchorages and dumping sites. The organic carbon content and grain size of all the sediment samples were determined, and some environmental parameters (oxygen content, salinity) were measured as well. Total concentrations of butyltin compounds in sediment samples were very different and ranged between 1 and 18,520 ng Sn g -1 d.w. Phenyltin contents were distinctly lower and ranged from below the limit of detection (most samples) to 660 ng Sn g -1 d.w. The highest concentrations of organotins were found in the shipyards, the maximum total organotin content (19,180 ng Sn g -1 d.w.) being found in the Gdańsk Ship Repair Yard 'Remontowa'. Butyltin degradation indices indicate a recent tributyltin input into the port sediments. The results obtained from this work prove that the international ban on using organotins may not be enough to protect the marine environment. It is necessary to monitor organotin contamination in ports and establish concentration limits of these compounds for the disposal of dredged material at sea. © 2011 The Author(s)
The Efficient Allocation of Consuption under Moral Hazard and Hidden Access to the Credit Market
No full textIn this paper, we describe the properties of the optimal allocation of consumption in a world with moral hazard and hidden borrowing and lending. We discuss how and under what conditions the efficient allocation can be distinguished from that of the permanent income (self-insurance) model. We also compare our allocation with the complete markets (full information) case, and with the standard moral hazard model with monitorable and fully contractible asset holdings. (JEL: D82, E21) Copyright (c) 2005 The European Economic Association
Article 13 of the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention: Existing and Subsequent Treaty Obligations
No full textArticle 13 is one of the most interesting and problematic provisions in Chapter V of the 1995 Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects (‘UNIDROIT Convention’).
It addresses the relationship of this treaty with competing and complementary international law obligations, especially treaty obligations, incumbent upon its Contracting States. Paragraph 2 may be taken as the only uncontroversial element in Article 13. It duly allows the conclusion of supplementary agreements
among certain Contracting States aimed at improving the application of the Convention in their mutual relations.
Conversely, The essentially blanket savings clause in Article 13(1) subordinating the UNIDROIT Convention to any other treaty binding on Contracting States may adversely affect the cogency of the Convention whenever an apparent or genuine normative conflict arises. In turn, the disconnection clause in Article 13(3), with its optional nature, unclear wording, and erratic subsequent practice by EU Member States, has opened a Pandora’s
box of complicated legal issues
Radiometric dating and pollutant profiles in a sediment core from the lagoon of Venice
No full textThe super(210)Pb radioactive dating technique on two cores from the northern part of the Lagoon of Venice gives an average sedimentation rate of 0.7 cm/year. This is used to date the vertical profiles of member of DDT, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Zn and Fe concentrations. A maximum member of DDT concentration is found at a depth of 10 cm, corresponding to about 1955, in accordance with the time of the largest use of this pesticide in the area drained by the Dese river. Due to antropogenic origin the concentrations of heavy metals in the upper sediment layers are 1.3-12.7 times higher than those in the lower ones. The average concenttrations of these elements in the layers below 80 cm are tentatively proposed as natural background concentrations for the Lagoon of Venice
L'arrività editoriale cattolica e l'opera degli Artigianelli Pavoniani tra Otto e Novecento
No full textLa Congregazione fondata da Lodovico Pavoni si impegnò in un'attività tipografica (collegata al suo carisma di istruzione professionale) che si sviluppò poi in un vero impegno editoriale. Il saggio studia questo passaggio e offre un contributo per la ricostruzione del Catalogo storico delle edizioni degli Artigianelli
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