1,722,478 research outputs found
Co-designing health care solutions with patient representatives and clinicians in a large acute hospital setting: process and engagement
Full text linkThis is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Gavin Publishers in International Journal of Nursing and Health Care Research on 10 January 2023. The accepted version of the publication may differ from the final published version.The benefits of involving patients and wider members of the public as partners in care are being increasingly recognised internationally. Co-design is one of the methods reported to promote patient-based health service improvements and offers a participatory approach to engage patients and citizens in solving health care challenges. However, current limitations are levelled at this corpus of work, indicating a lack of sustainability and substantive evidence of any known associated processes that can yield sustainable longer-term patient benefit. This service improvement project was underpinned by a Human Centred Design (HCD) methodology incorporating the Design Council’s process Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver [1]. This assisted in providing a participatory framework of co-produced work over a twelve-month period with three clinical pathway teams, Stroke, Children and Young People (CYP) and Learning and Developmental Disabilities (LD.) Meeting specific project objectives, patientbased projects were developed using a toolkit and Collaborative Action Plans that steered involvement throughout. Evaluative results elicited three themes, generating a product idea together, acknowledging the contribution of all, barriers and challenges. Within this, the clinicians and patient representatives reported the value of having a safe space to carry out experienced based work with their respective patient representatives. Additionally, they reported the chosen HCD framework guided the process of engagement determining co-produced health care solutions to patient derived challenges. Conclusions are drawn that suggest further work and research is required to testbed the ‘how to’ processes associated with successful co-design in health and social care. This could provide an empirical basis for the value and process associated with sustainable human centred design required at both a micro and macro level of healthcare
Development of my medication plan involving patients and patient representatives as co-designers
Full text linkBackground: Patient safety is at risk during the transition of care, and a lack of information about medications at hospital discharge could be a contributing factor. To be adherent, many patients request more information about their medication treatment. Objective: My Medication Plan aims to involve patients and patient representatives as co-designers in developing a tool to meet these information needs. Methods: A framework for the Designing Thinking model involving patients and patient representatives was applied. During the inspiration phase, patients’ needs were explored by observing discharge conversations between patients and hospital physicians, followed by an information conversation between the patient and the first author (MS). Patient representatives were invited to participate in the ideation phase to generate ideas and designs for My Medication Plan. Results: Twelve patients and three patient representatives were included in the inspiration-and ideation phases. Among the patients, the most frequent themes during the discharge conversations were medication and medication changes. Least frequent theme was disease prevention. The patient representatives discussed the importance of My Medication Plan being a non-electronic tool with additional pages to document non-prescription medications and boxes for free text. Furthermore, a glossary over medical terms was added in My Medication Plan for explanation. To ensure patient safety the already existing Shared Medication Record given to patient was combined with My Medication Plan. Conclusion: My Medication Plan was developed as a non-electronic tool consisting of a print of the Shared Medication Record and specific documents sharing important medication-related information. Patients and patients’ representatives becoming co-designers are innovative, as the inclusion of both patients and patients’ representatives is innovative as both groups present different perspectives.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
End-of-life decisions for people with intellectual disabilities, an interview study with patient representatives
No full textItem does not contain fulltextBackground: Not much is known about the process of end-of-life decision-making for people with intellectual disabilities. Aim: To clarify the process of end-of-life decision-making for people with intellectual disabilities from the perspective of patient representatives. Design: A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews, recorded digitally and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using Grounded Theory procedures. Participants: We interviewed 16 patient representatives after the deaths of 10 people with intellectual disabilities in the Netherlands. Results: The core category 'Deciding for someone else' describes the context in which patient representatives took end-of-life decisions. The patient representatives felt highly responsible for the outcomes. They had not involved the patients in the end-of-life decision-making process, nor any professionals other than the doctor. The categories of 'Motives' and 'Support' were connected to the core category of 'Deciding for someone else'. 'Motives' refers to the patient representatives' ideas about quality of life, prevention from suffering, patients who cannot understand the burden of interventions and emotional reasons reported by patient representatives. 'Support' refers to the support that patient representatives wanted the doctors to give to them in the decision-making process. Conclusions: From the perspective of the patient representatives, the process of end-of-life decision-making can be improved by ensuring clear roles and an explicit description of the tasks and responsibilities of all participants. Regular discussion between everyone involved including people with intellectual disabilities themselves can improve knowledge about each other's motives for end-of-decisions and can clarify expectations towards each other
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Patient representatives' views on patient information in clinical cancer trials
No full textBackground: Patient enrolment into clinical trials is based on oral information and informed consent, which includes an information sheet and a consent certificate. The written information should be complete, but at the same time risks being so complex that it may be questioned if a fully informed consent is possible to provide. We explored patient representatives' views and perceptions on the written trial information used in clinical cancer trials. Methods: Written patient information leaflets used in four clinical trials for colorectal cancer were used for the study. The trials included phase I-III trials, randomized and non-randomized trials that evaluated chemotherapy/targeted therapy in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and palliative settings. Data were collected through focus groups and were analysed using inductive content analysis. Results: Two major themes emerged: emotional responses and cognitive responses. Subthemes related to the former included individual preferences and perceptions of effect, while subthemes related to the latter were comprehensibility and layout. Based on these observations the patient representatives provided suggestions for improvement, which largely included development of future simplified and more attractive informed consent forms. Conclusions: The emotional and cognitive responses to written patient information reported by patient representatives provides a basis for revised formats in future trials and add to the body of information that support use of plain language, structured text and illustrations to improve the informed consent process and thereby patient enrolment into clinical trials
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