1,720,963 research outputs found
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in a population exposed to biological risk.
No full textThe prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was investigated in 1,221 subjects (809 exposed to different extent of biological risk and 412 supposed not exposed personnel) employed in Padua University. The population was subdivided in four group according to no, low and occasional, intermediate, even though continuous, and high exposure to biological risk. Past history of hepatitis B virus infection was detected in 10.0% of subjects (8.8% had positive hepatitis B antibodies, 1.1% positive hepatitis B surface antigens and 0.2% positive hepatitis B enveloped antigen). Seroprevalence of positive hepatitis B antibodies increased with age (p < 0.001) but was not related with sex. Significant higher prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was not found among the groups, but excluding vaccinated subjects (333, 27.3%), the prevalence was significantly higher in intermediate (p < 0.025) and high (p < 0.001) risk group when compared with the other two groups, other than in high compared with intermediate risk group (p < 0.05). The results show low prevalence (10.0%) of hepatitis B virus infection in the examined population, but increasing according to the risk extent
Marcatori dell’epatite A, B, C e valutazione del rischio biologico nei dipendenti universitari
No full textI marcatori dell’epatite A, B e C sono stati determinati in 467 dipendenti universitari esposti a rischio biologico. Sono stati individuati tre gruppi di rischio, a seconda della possibilità di contatto con materiale potenzialmente infetto. Non discostandosi dalle medie nazionali i dati relativi all’epatite A e C, più rilevanti appaiono i risultati riguardanti la prevalenza di epatite B. Tenendo presente la non sufficiente sensibilizzazione dei soggetti a rischio verso la vaccinazione, è da sottolineare come sia presente una modulazione della prevalenza di sieroconversione (spesso senza evidenza clinica) in soggetti a rischio più elevato
Risk of hepatitis C virus infection in a population exposed to biological materials.
Full text linkOBJECTIVES:
The seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus antibodies was investigated in a population of 1051 subjects, of whom 376 were controls and 675 were exposed to different degrees of biological risk.
METHODS:
The exposed group was subdivided into subjects at low (242), intermediate (265), and high (168) biological hazard; all subjects were employed in the biomedical field. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were also determined.
RESULTS:
The seroprevalence of positive hepatitis A antibodies was 44.9% in all subjects but was significantly higher in males (50.6%) than in females (34.2%) and increased according to age (25.9% in subjects aged 40 years). No difference related to exposure to the biological risk was observed. The prevalence of transaminases at levels above normal values (chi2 = 4.079, P<0.05 for AST and chi2 = 4.806, P<0.05 for ALT) and mean values (AST P<0.05; ALT P<0.001) appeared significant in hepatitis A virus-positive subjects. On the other hand, excluding individuals with positive hepatitis C virus antibodies (16) and positive hepatitis B virus surface antigen (12), a prevalence of transaminase alterations was not observed, but mean levels of ALT lasted significantly longer in subjects with positive hepatitis A virus antibodies (P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS:
The results confirm that hepatitis A virus is not a risk for employees in the biomedical field, but the presence of hepatitis A virus antibodies suggests a possible, though not clinically evident, liver involvement
Patologie muscolo-scheletriche in operatori addetti alla movimentazione di pazienti in istituto di riposo per anziani.
No full textAbstract
Low back pain (LBP) and shoulder and arm disorders are common among workers exposed to risk due to manual weight lifting, and this health care problem is also very costly. We also know that nursing personnel exposed to manual patient handling activity report high number of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of our study was to evaluate the relationships between work and musculoskeletal disorders in personnel exposed to manual patient handling activity. 160 health care workers of an hospice exposed to patient handling were compared to a control group of 172 people not exposed to the handling risk. In our study we considered only subject with pathology already diagnosed, withdrawing people with disturbs but without clinical trials. The statistical evaluation using the chi2 test has not shown any meaning in the comparison between the two groups, we have calculated the Odds Ratio risk for discal hernia and protrusion finding a risk between low and modest (1.52). We think that the least prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders to the back in the group exposed to manual patient handling activity, could be explained partly with the "healthy worker" effect and partly with the workplace improvement. That is demonstrated also with the M.A.P.O. index scoring between 0 and 1.5 (negligible risk)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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