1,720,979 research outputs found
Short stature and the age of enrolment in Primary School: studies in two African countries
No full textThis study compares age at enrolment in Primary School with a range of nutritional measures for 8-9 year old and 12-13 year old children in Ghana (n=1566) and Tanzania (n=1390). The results show that short stature (height-for-age z-score), but not other nutritional variables (weight-for-age and weight-for-height z-scores and haemoglobin concentration), is strongly associated with late enrolment. This relationship holds for both age group, sexes and countries, and is independent of socio-economic status in Tanzania (where this parameter was assessed). The relationship between stature and age-appropriate grade becomes less marked with progression through school, which is compatible with a higher drop out rate for more stunted children. These results suggest an important role for health in education; that stunted children enrol later in school and are more likely to drop out earlier.Schoolchildren Late enrolment Stunting Ghana Tanzania
Partnership for Child Development: an international programme to improve the health of school-age children by school-based health services including deworming
No full textMeeting between the World Health Organization and the Partnership for Child Development / jointly organized by the Division of Communicable Diseases, Programme of Parasitic Infections and the WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology of Intestinal Parasitic Infections, Geneva, 7-8 December 1993
Get PDFONLINEWHO/CDS/IPI/94.1. Unpublished14 p
Manual for SABER-SF Exercise
No full textSABER–School Feeding (SABER-SF) is a
useful approach to assessing the school feeding policy
situationand systems in any country to identify the gaps and
plan appropriate capacity development plans and/orroad maps
with the government and other stakeholders. It helps
countries strengthen their national schoolfeeding programs
and/or transition to national school feeding programs with
solid policies and systemswhen applicable, and assess
progress of implementing each indicator. This manual aims to
assist users (government institutions, PCD, World Bank, WFP,
and otherstakeholders) to understand, plan, and implement
the SABER-SF exercise at the country level. It builds upon
the experiences from national SABER-SF workshops held during
2014. The SABER-SF exercise should be as inclusive as
possible to ensure broad ownership and support for its
implementation. SABER consists of a structured questionnaire
whose responses are determined based on consultation with
representatives from relevant stakeholders. Stakeholder
engagement and consensus building are integral parts of the
SABER process as described in this manual. The manual
contains a brief explanation of SABER-SF in section two,
followed by a discussion in section three of the preparation
of the SABER-SF exercise and data collection procedures.
Section four explains theme thodology and planning process
for a SABER-SF workshop, completion of the questionnaire
(and the rationale behind each question or set of
questions), and how to use each of the SABER-SF tools
includingthe Framework Rubrics and the Scoring Rubrics.
Section five covers the process of publicizing the SABERSF
report, and section six talks about planning for next steps
after the SABER-SF exercise. Section 7provides a timeline
for implementing the SABER-SF exercise and quality assurance
measures. The manual also includes an annex with the
SABER-SF questionnaire and the Framework Rubrics. The annex
alsodetails ways to contact the SABER team at the World Bank
for any questions or comments in addition toa list of
additional resources
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Partnership for Child Development and the relationship between health and cognitive development
No full textThe Partnership for Child Development (PCD) is an international initiative to improve the health and education of school-age children. Helminth infections are one of the most significant health problems affecting schoolchildren in developing countries because these children bear the heaviest infections of any age group, and because the infection can affect learning. This paper reviews studies of the effects of helminths on cognitive function and details findings from one study in Tanzania, which addressed potential methodological shortcomings of associational studies in this area. This study found that children with a heavy S. haematobium (schistosomiasis) infection had significantly lower scores than uninfected children in two tests of verbal short-term memory and two reaction time tasks. In one of these tests, the effect was greatest for children with poor nutritional status. These findings fit in broadly with other studies of helminth infection and cognitive function. We conclude that verbal short-term memory and speed of processing are the cognitive domains most likely to be affected by worm infections. Deworming children may be an effective way to improve their cognitive abilities and thus their performance at school. Keywords: cognitive function, educational achievement, helminth infections, observational studies, schoolchildren, TanzaniaJournal of Psychology in Africa 2005, 15(1): 89–9
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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