1,720,960 research outputs found
ELASTASE-1 FESES PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE-2
Get PDFBackground. Functionally, pancreas has two task as exocrine and endocrine glands Both linked very closely anatomically and physiologically. Reduced exocrine pancreatic function has been observed in a high percentage of patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus in the past. Most investigators performed direct stimulation test (secretin- CCK test) in smaller group of patients. Until recently only few data for type-2 diabetes available and they are contradictory.
The fecal concentration of elastase-1 is an easy indirect test and the result correlating well with direct test methods. We used this test to investigate the exocrine pancreas function in type-2 diabetes.
Patients and methods. Hundred subjects with type-2 diabetes (49 male, 51 female, mean age 57,6 years) from outpatients clinic at general hospital in Semarang were investigated. They were asked about their clinical symptoms and medical history using a questionnaire. The patients were divided into good, moderate and poorly controlled diabetics based on fasting and postprandial blood glucose every month for three consecutive months. Fecal elastase-1 (FE-1), was analyzed by ELISA (Schebo-Tech Wettenberg, Germany).
Results. FE-1 was normal (> 200.µg/ g) in 54 % and reduced was found 46 % in our type-2 diabetes. It was reduced (FE-1 = 100 — 200 mg/ g) in 25 % and markedly reduce (FE-1 < 100 mg/ g) in 21 %. Based on blood glucose : 27 subject were good controlled, 29 subject were moderate, and 44 subject were poorly controlled. 41 subjects were complaining about abdominal discomfort. The differences observed in FE-1 was statistically different in patients with and without abdominal discomfort (FE-1 = 207,38 mg/ g vs. 690 mg/ g, p = 0,000). In patients with and without decreased bodyweight FE-1 was statistically different (FE-1 = 174,46 mg/ g vs. 678,69 mg/ g, p = 0,000). There were significant correlation between FE-1 and blood glucose regulation (r = -0,549, p = 0,000), FE-1 and abdominal discomfort (r = 0,483, p = 0,000), FE-1 and decreased bodyweight (r = 0,526, p = 0,000). FE-1 didn't correlate with BMI, diabetes duration and age.
Conclusion. In our type-2 diabetic show that exocrine pancreatic function is also impaired in a high percentage (46%). The present findings show a significant relationship between FE-1 and blood glucose regulation, abdominal discomfort and decreased bodyweight. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is significantly associated with poorly controlled diabetes.
Latar belakang. Pankreas terdiri kelenjar eksokrin dan endokrin yang berhubungan sangat dekat baik secara anatomis maupun fisiologis. Adanya penurunan fungsi eksokrin pankreas telah sejak lama ditemukan dalam persentase tinggi pada penderita DM tipe-1. Penelitian terdahulu kebanyakan menggunakan metode tes stimulasi langsung (tes sekretin-CCK) pada sejumlah kecil pasien. Sedangkan data tentang penurunan fungsi eksokrin pankreas pada DM tipe-2 masih sangat sedikit dan saling bertolak belakang.
Konsentrasi elastase-1 feses adalah pemeriksaan tidak langsung yang mudah dilakukan dan hasilnya hampir sebanding dengan metode tes langsung. Kami menggunakan tes ini untuk mengetahui fungsi eksokrin pankreas pada penderita DM tipe-2.
Pasien dan metode. Dilakukan penelitian terhadap 100 orang penderita DM tipe-2 (49 laki-laki, 51 wanita, rerata umur 57,56 th) pasien rawat jalan pada Rumah Sakit Umum di Semarang Dengan menggunakan kuesioner dicatat tentang keluhan, gejala klinis dan riwayat penyakit. Berdasarkan gula darah puasa dan 2 jam postprandial tiap bulan selama 3 bulan berturut-turut, dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok regulasi : baik, sedang dan buruk. Elastase-1 feses diperiksa dengan ELISA (Schebo-Tech Wettenberg, Germany).
Hasil. Elastase-1 feses normal (> 200 ttg/ g) sebanyak 54 % dan menurun sebanyak 46 % pada penderita DM tipe-2. Insufisiensi ringan (FE-1 = 100 — 200 lig/ g) pada 25 % dan insufisiensi berat (FE-1 < 100 lig/ g) pada 21 %. Pembagian berdasarkan regulasi gula darah didapatkan : 27 orang regulasi baik, 29 orang regulasi sedang dan 44 orang regulasi buruk. Keluhan abdominal discomfort dialami 41 orang. Perbedaan rerata elastase-1 feses antara orang yang mengalami abdominal discomfort dan tidak secara statistik sangat bermakna (FE-1 = 207,38 lig/ g vs. 690 jig/ g, p = 0,000). Pada pasien yang mengeluh adanya penurunan berat badan, rerata elastase-1 feses juga sangat bermakna secara statistik (FE-1 = 174,46 j.tg/ g vs. 678,69 lig/ g, p = 0,000). Hubungan korelasi antara elastase-1 feses dengan regulasi gula darah sangat bermakna (r = -0,549, p = 0,000), demikian juga elastase-1 dengan abdominal discomfort (r = 0,483, p = 0,000) serta elastase-1 feses dengan penurunan berat badan (r = 0,526, p = 0,000). Elastase-1 feses tidak mempunyai korelasi dengan IMT, lama diabetes dan umur.
Kesimpulan. Penelitian yang kami lakukan pada penderita DM tipe-2 menunjukkan adanya penurunan fungsi eksokrin pankreas dalam persentase tinggi (46 %). Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara elastase-1 feses dengan regulasi gula darah, abdominal discomfort dan penurunan berat badan. Insufisiensi eksokrin pankreas memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kontrol gula darah yang buruk
HUBUNGAN ANTARA LAMA HIPERTENSI DAN GAMBARAN ELEKTROKARDIOGRAM HIPERTROFI VENTRIKEL KIRI DAN INFARK MIOKARD LAMA
Get PDFLatar Belakang: Hipertensi adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di masyaratakat. Hipertensi juga merupakan faktro risiko pernyakit kardiovaskular dan bertanggung jawab atas separuh dari mortalitas penyakit kardiovaskular. Hipertensi yang berlangsung kronis secara klasik dikaitkan dengan hipertrofi ventrikel kiri tipe konsentris. Peningkatan ketebalan dinding ventrikel kiri (VK) memungkinkan terjadinya normalisasi tekanan dinding VK terhadap peningkatan tekanan darah. Sementara itu, hipertensi berperan penting terhadap kejadian infark miokard. Hipertensi sistolik dan diastolik meningkatkan risiko infark miokard dan semakin tinggi tekanan, semakin besar risikonya. Data tentang hubungan antara durasi hipertensi dan prevalensi penyakit jantung hipertensi masih belum diketahui secara luas.
Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara lama hipertensi dan elektrokardiogram (EKG) HVKi dan infark miokard lama.
Metode: penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. 44 pasien hipertensi yang berobat di RSUP Dr.Kariadi dipilih secara consecutive sampling, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan EKG, catatan medis, dan anamnesis. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah lama hipertensi, hasil EKG, jenis kelamin, riwayat merokok, diabetes mellitus (DM), hiperurisemia, obesitas (Index massa tubuh/IMT), dislipidemia (profil lipid), dan hiperurisemia (serum asam urat). Diagnosis EKG HVKi menggunakan kriteria Cornell. Diagnosis EKG infark miokard lama menggunakan gambaran Q patologis
Hasil: dari 44 subyek penelitian diperoleh enam belas pasien (36,4%) memiliki gambaran EKG infark miokard lama dan tujuh (15,9%) pasien positif gambaran EKG HVKi. 21 (47,7%) subyek lainnya negatif gambaran EKG HVKi dan infark miokard lama. Uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara lama hipertensi dan gambaran EKG infark miokard lama (p=0,633). Uji Mann Whitney juga menunjukkan lama hipertensi tidak berhubungan dengan gambaran EKG HVKi (p = 0,584)
Kesimpulan: dalam penelitian ini belum terbukti bahwa lama hipertensi mempengaruhi kejadian gambaran EKG infark miokard lama dan HVKi.
Kata Kunci: hipertensi, lama hipertensi, elektrokardiogram, hipertrofi ventrikel kiri, infark miokard lam
FAKTOR RISIKO HIPERTENSI INTRADIALITIK PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK
Get PDFBackground Intradialytic hypertension is one of cardiovascular complications in hemodialysis-CKD patients with 5-15% incidence. Intradialytic hypertension is associated with higher hospitalization and six months mortality rates. Age, Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG), Ureum Reduction Ratio (URR), Residual Renal Function (RRF), hemodialysis vintage, and number of antihypertensive medications are associated with intradialytic hypertension.
Aim To identify age, IDWG, URR, RRF, hemodialysis vintage, and number of antihypertensive medications as the risk factors of intradialytic hypertension in hemodialysis-CKD patients at Dialysis Unit of Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang.
Methods Cross sectional study was held in March-July 2012. 41 subjects were used from 49 minimum samples. Data were taken from results of blood pressure examination, body weight examination, serum ureum examination, medication report, and Medical Report. Data were analyzed to know the prevalence ratio using 2x2 tables with Confidence Interval 95%.
Results Age (PR=1,1; CI95%:0,6-2,0), IDWG (PR=0,9; CI95%:0,4-2,0), URR (PR=0,7; CI95%:0,4-1,2), RRF (PR=0,9; CI95%:0,5-1,6), hemodialysis vintage (PR=0,9; CI95%:0,5-1,7) and number of antihypertensive medications (PR=0,9; CI95%:0,4-1,9) could not be concluded as the risk factors.
Conclusion It cannot be concluded whether age, IDWG, URR, RRF, hemodialysis vintage, and number of antihypertensive medications are protective factors or risk factors of intradialytic hypertension. The amount of samples could cause this result gotten.
Key Words: Intradialytic hypertension, age, IDWG, URR, RRF, hemodialysis vintage, number of antihypertensive medication
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
BEBERAPA FAKTOR RISIKO PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK DI RSUD W.Z. YOHANNES KUPANG PERIODE 2010 - 2015
Get PDFLatar Belakang : Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia. Ginjal menjalankan fungsi utama untuk regulasi volume, osmolaritas, elektrolit, dan konsentrasi asam basa cairan tubuh dengan mengeksresikan air dan elektrolit dalam jumlah yang cukup untuk mencapai
keseimbangan elektrolit dan cairan tubuh. Jika terjadi gangguan fungsi pada kedua ginjal maka ginjal akan mengalami kematian dalam waktu 3-4 minggu.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko pada penyakit ginjal kronik di RSUD W.Z. Yohannes Kupang
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik komparatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil secara consecutive sampling dari Juli sampai September 2016.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 70 responden, 31 responden(44,3%) memiliki riwayat Diabetes Melitus, 40 responden (57,1%) memiliki riwayat Hipertensi, 18 responden (25,7%) memiliki riwayat Batu Saluran Kemih.
Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara Diabetes Melitus, Hipertensi dan Batu Saluran Kemih dengan Penyakit Ginjal Kronik
Kata Kunci : penyakit ginjal kronik, diabetes melitus, hipertensi, batu saluran kemi
- …
