1,721,179 research outputs found
Machine learning algorithms for predicting EQ-5D full health state in systemic lupus erythematosus
No full textObjectives: To determine factors associated with EQ-5D full health state (FHS) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) before and after a trial intervention, resorting to machine learning algorithms. Methods: We conducted a post-hoc analysis of data from two phase III clinical trials of belimumab (BLISS-52, BLISS-76). Demographic, laboratory, and clinical features were retrieved, and the Monte Carlo Feature Selection algorithm was employed, further refined upon consideration of collinearity and clinical relevance/expertise. The models used were support vector machine with radial basis function kernel (SVMRadial), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), neural network (NNet), and logistic regression (LR). Results: In a cohort of 1642 SLE patients, 12.9% reported FHS at baseline and 23.1% at week 52. Selected features were age, sex, Asian ancestry, baseline clinical Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000, Safety of Estrogens in Lupus National Assessment-SLEDAI Physician Global Assessment, and urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR), and baseline EQ-5D utility index score (week-52 models only). The models predicting FHS demonstrated comparable performance at baseline and week 52, where for baseline a maximum area under the curve of 0.73 was seen for the LASSO and LR models, versus a 0.77 maximum for the week-52 LASSO and NNet models. Particularly high for all models was the negative predictive value (0.88–0.94). Calibration showed marginal improvement in week-52 models. Conclusion: Machine learning identified older age, female sex, non-Asian ancestry, high disease activity, and low UPCR to be associated with a lack of FHS experience in SLE patients at baseline and week 52. Baseline EQ-5D utility index constituted the most informative feature for predicting FHS experience at week 52.Objetivos: Determinar fatores associados ao estado de saúde perfeita (ESP) do EQ-5D no lúpus eritematoso sistémico (LES) antes e depois da intervenção num ensaio clínico, recorrendo a algoritmos de machine learning. Métodos: Realizámos uma análise post-hoc de dados de dois ensaios clínicos de fase III do belimumab (BLISS-52, BLISS-76). Foram recolhidas variáveis demográficas, laboratoriais e clínicas, tendo sido utilizado o algoritmo Monte Carlo Feature Selection, posteriormente refinado considerando colinearidade e relevância/perícia clínica. Os seguintes modelos foram usados: support vector machine with radial basis function kernel (SVMRadial), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), neural network (NNet), e logistic regression (LR). Resultados: Numa coorte de 1642 doentes com LES, 12.9% reportaram FHS na baseline e 23.1% na semana 52. As variáveis selecionadas foram idade, sexo, ascendência Asiática, e clinical Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000, Safety of Estrogens in Lupus National Assessment-SLEDAI Physician Global Assessment, e rácio proteína/creatinina urinário (RPCU) na baseline. Exclusivamente para os modelos da semana 52, o índice do EQ 5D na baseline também foi selecionado. Os modelos preditores do ESP demonstraram um desempenho comparável na baseline e na semana 52. Na baseline, a máxima área sob a curva foi vista nos modelos LASSO e LR (0.73), enquanto na semana 52 foi vista nos modelos LASSO e NNet (0.77). O valor preditivo negativo foi particularmente alto para todos os modelos (0.88–0.94). A calibração mostrou uma ligeira melhoria nos modelos da semana 52. Conclusão: Idade avançada, sexo feminino, ascendência não-Asiática, alta atividade de doença, e baixo RPCU foram associados, através de machine learning, à não-experiência de um ESP em doentes com LES na baseline e na semana 52. O índice do EQ-5D na baseline constituiu a variável mais informativa para prever a experiência de um ESP na semana 52
Immune Mechanisms and Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
No full textWe present a reprint of the Special Issue titled “Immune Mechanisms and Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”. The Special Issue welcomed original works and review articles focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying SLE in its different phases, with the goal of contributing novel knowledge of the pathogenesis of SLE and improved diagnostics, surveillance, prevention of long-term damage, and overall patient management. We also welcomed original works or review articles that evaluated immune components that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers, biomarkers of disease activity, or biomarkers of long-term outcomes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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