1,720,969 research outputs found
The iodide-transport-defect-causing mutation R124H: a δ-amino group at position 124 is critical for maturation and trafficking of the Na+/I− symporter
Full text linkNa+ /I2 symporter (NIS)-mediated active accumulation of I2 in thyrocytes is a key step in the biosynthesis of the iodine-containing thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Several NIS mutants have been identified as a cause of congenital I2 transport defect (ITD), and their investigation has yielded valuable mechanistic information on NIS. Here we report novel findings derived from the thorough characterization of the ITD-causing mutation R124H, located in the second intracellular loop (IL-2). R124H NIS is incompletely glycosylated and colocalizes with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein markers. As a result, R124H NIS is not targeted to the plasma membrane and therefore does not mediate any I2 transport in transfected COS-7 cells. Strikingly, however, the mutant is intrinsically active, as revealed by its ability to mediate I2 transport in membrane vesicles. Of all the amino acid substitutions we carried out at position 124 (K, D, E, A, W, N and Q), only Gln restored targeting of NIS to the plasma membrane and NIS activity, suggesting a key structural role for the d-amino group of R124 in the transporter’s maturation and cell surface targeting. Using our NIS homology model based on the structure of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus Na+ /galactose symporter, we propose an interaction between the d-amino group of either R or Q124 and the thiol group of C440, located in IL-6. We conclude that the interaction between IL-2 and IL-6 is critical for the local folding required for NIS maturation and plasma membrane trafficking.Fil: Paroder, Viktoriya. Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Nicola, Juan Pablo. University of Yale; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ginter, Christopher S.. Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Carrasco, Nancy. Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Estados Unidos. University of Yale; Estados Unido
Imaging rectal cancer in 2018: how good are we?
Full text linkDepartment of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, The IVth Congress of Radiology and Medical Imaging of the Republic of Moldova with international participation, Chisinau, May 31 – June 2, 2018Background: Colorectal Cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide.
Learning objectives: Critical role of radiologist in multidisciplinary pre-treatment assessment of rectal cancer will be outlined. Surgically
relevant anatomy and surgical procedures for treatment of high, mid and low rectal tumors will be discussed in the context of interpretation
of rectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and staging computed tomography (CT) scans. Most up-to-date MR imaging protocols
for rectal tumor staging and post treatment assessment will be outlined. Rectal and anal cancer staging will be discussed using multiple
cases demonstrating entities corresponding to different types of rectal tumors. Pitfalls of MR imaging with case-based examples will also
be discussed.
Outcomes: Attendees will increase their familiarity with the most up-to-date imaging techniques for staging and surveillance of rectal cancer.
Attendees will enhance their ability to conduct pre-treatment assessment of rectal tumors, including identifying risk factors for recurrence and
predicting clear circumferential resection margin. Attendees will also become familiar with pitfalls commonly encountered on rectal MRI scans
Imaging esophageal cancer in 2018: achievements and challenges
Full text linkDepartment of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA, The IVth Congress of Radiology and Medical Imaging of the Republic of Moldova with international participation, Chisinau, May 31 – June 2, 2018Background: Esophageal cancer is the 8th most common cancer worldwide and the 6th leading cause of cancer death worldwide with 5-year
survival rates rarely exceeding 40%.
Learning objectives: Epidemiology and causes of esophageal cancer will be discussed. Surgical and minimally invasive approaches to
treatment of esophageal cancer will be discussed with imaging correlation. Role of CT and PET/CT in staging and surveillance of esophageal
cancer will be outlined. Potential role of diffusion weighted imaging, PET/MRI and novel molecular imaging markers for preoperative and
post-treatments assessment of esophageal cancer will be discussed.
Outcomes: Attendees will increase their familiarity with the most up-to-date imaging techniques for staging and surveillance of esophageal
cancer as well as of the most current experimental approaches. Attendees will broaden their understanding of the role of a radiologist in the
multidisciplinary management of esophageal cancer patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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